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General ethics --- Cooperation --- Utilitarianism --- Ethics --- Hedonism --- Philosophy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Cooperation. --- Utilitarianism. --- Collaborative economy --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy
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One of the classic problems in social science is known as 'the dilemma of the commons', in which land, water, and other resources held jointly by social or economic segments tend to be depleted sooner and to a greater extent than privately held assets. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, many aspects of western European society changed fundamentally, including the abolition of common-property rights, which in itself was related to social and economic shifts in that same society. This book intends to put the debate on commons, commoners, and the disappearance of both throughout early modern and modern northwestern Europe in a new light, through new approaches and innovative methodologies. Tine De Moor aims to link the historical debate about the long-term evolution of commons to the present-day debates on common-pool resources, as well as touching upon various disciplines within the social sciences that work on commons issues.
History of Europe --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1700-1799 --- anno 1800-1899 --- Cooperation --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- History --- E-books --- History.
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Over the last three million years or so, our lineage has diverged sharply from those of our great ape relatives. Change has been rapid ( in evolutionary terms) and pervasive. Morphology, life history, social life, sexual behavior, and foraging patterns have all shifted sharply away from those of the other great apes. No other great ape lineage--including those of chimpanzees and gorillas--seems to have undergone such a profound transformation. In The Evolved Apprentice, Kim Sterelny argues that the divergence stems from the fact that humans gradually came to enrich the learning environment of the next generation. Humans came to cooperate in sharing information, and to cooperate ecologically and reproductively, as well, and these changes initiated positive feedback loops that drove us further from other great apes. Sterelny develops a new theory of the evolution of human cognition and human social life that emphasizes the gradual evolution of information-sharing practices across generations and how these practices transformed human minds and social lives. Sterelny proposes that humans developed a new form of ecological interaction with their environment, cooperative foraging. The ability to cope with the immense variety of human ancestral environments and social forms, he argues, depended not just on adapted minds but also on adapted developmental environments
Evolutionary psychology. --- Cooperation. --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES/Evolution --- PHILOSOPHY/General --- Evolutionary psychology --- Cooperation --- Biological Evolution --- Developmental psychology --- Psychology --- Human evolution --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing
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Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Socialism --- -Communism --- -Cooperation --- -#gsdbf --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Bolshevism --- Communist movements --- Leninism --- Maoism --- Marxism --- Trotskyism --- Collectivism --- Totalitarianism --- Post-communism --- Village communities --- Social democracy --- Socialist movements --- Anarchism --- Communism --- Critical theory --- History --- Collaborative economy --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Cooperation --- #gsdbf --- History.
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Development aid. Development cooperation --- Coopération --- Aide économique --- Aspect économique --- Cooperation --- Economic assistance --- #SBIB:327.4H71 --- #SBIB:327.4H74 --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Economic aspects --- Derde wereld en wereldsysteem, internationale relaties --- Ontwikkelingshulp en -samenwerking --- Collaborative economy --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy
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Economic order --- Yugoslavia --- Economics --- Cooperation --- Resource Allocation --- Management --- Employee participation --- -Resource allocation --- Allocation of resources --- Resources allocation --- Operations research --- Organization --- Planning --- Feasibility studies --- Administration --- Industrial relations --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Profit-sharing --- -Cooperation. --- Economics. --- Resource allocation. --- -Cooperation --- Cooperation. --- Collaborative economy --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Resource allocation --- Management - Employee participation - Yugoslavia
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Why do humans, uniquely among animals, cooperate in large numbers to advance projects for the common good? Contrary to the conventional wisdom in biology and economics, this generous and civic-minded behavior is widespread and cannot be explained simply by far-sighted self-interest or a desire to help close genealogical kin. In A Cooperative Species, Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis--pioneers in the new experimental and evolutionary science of human behavior--show that the central issue is not why selfish people act generously, but instead how genetic and cultural evolution has produced a species in which substantial numbers make sacrifices to uphold ethical norms and to help even total strangers. The authors describe how, for thousands of generations, cooperation with fellow group members has been essential to survival. Groups that created institutions to protect the civic-minded from exploitation by the selfish flourished and prevailed in conflicts with less cooperative groups. Key to this process was the evolution of social emotions such as shame and guilt, and our capacity to internalize social norms so that acting ethically became a personal goal rather than simply a prudent way to avoid punishment. Using experimental, archaeological, genetic, and ethnographic data to calibrate models of the coevolution of genes and culture as well as prehistoric warfare and other forms of group competition, A Cooperative Species provides a compelling and novel account of how humans came to be moral and cooperative.
Cooperation --- Cooperativeness --- Behavior evolution --- Moraal en ethiek (algemeenheden). --- Behavior evolution. --- 170 --- 201 --- AA / International- internationaal --- 316 --- Cooperation (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Behavioral evolution --- Evolutionary psychology --- 316 Sociologie --(algemeen) --- Sociologie --(algemeen) --- Moraal en ethiek (algemeenheden) --- Sociologie: algemeenheden --- Economic order --- Cooperation. --- Cooperativeness.
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Leading jihadist groups such as al-Qaeda and the Islamic State dominate through cooperation in the form of knowledge sharing, resource sharing, joint training exercises, and operational collaboration. They build alliances and lesser partnerships with other formal and informal terrorist actors to recruit foreign fighters and spread their message worldwide, raising the aggregate threat level for their declared enemies. Whether they consist of friends or foes, whether they are connected locally or online, these networks create a wellspring of support for jihadist organizations that may fluctuate in strength or change in character but never runs dry. Nexus of Global Jihad identifies types of terrorist actors, the nature of their partnerships, and the environments in which they prosper to explain global jihadist terrorism's ongoing success and resilience.Nexus of Global Jihad brings to light an emerging style of "networked cooperation" that works alongside interorganizational terrorist cooperation to establish bonds of varying depth and endurance. Case studies use recently declassified materials to illuminate al-Qaeda's dealings from Iran to the Arabian Peninsula and the informal actors that power the Sharia4 movement. The book proposes policies that increase intelligence gathering on informal terrorist actors, constrain enabling environments, and disrupt terrorist networks according to different types of cooperation. It is a vital text for strategists and scholars struggling to understand a growing spectrum of terrorist groups working together more effectively than ever before.
Polemology --- Terrorism. --- Terrorism --- Cooperation --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Islam and terrorism --- Acts of terrorism --- Attacks, Terrorist --- Global terrorism --- International terrorism --- Political terrorism --- Terror attacks --- Terrorist acts --- Terrorist attacks --- World terrorism --- Direct action --- Insurgency --- Political crimes and offenses --- Subversive activities --- Political violence --- Terror --- Religious aspects --- Islam. --- Poliitcal aspects.
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Communication --- Cooperation --- #SBIB:309H023 --- 316.77 --- 316.77 Communicatiesociologie --- Communicatiesociologie --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Communication, Primitive --- Mass communication --- Sociology --- International cooperation&delete& --- Congresses --- Interculturele en internationale communicatie --- Sociology of the developing countries --- Mass communications --- International cooperation
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Cooperation. --- Research, Industrial --- Technological innovations --- Breakthroughs, Technological --- Innovations, Industrial --- Innovations, Technological --- Technical innovations --- Technological breakthroughs --- Technological change --- Creative ability in technology --- Inventions --- Domestication of technology --- Innovation relay centers --- Technology transfer --- Contract research --- Industrial research --- Research --- Engineering experiment stations --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Economic production --- Business policy --- Cooperation
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