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Migration. Refugees --- Demography --- Brain drain --- Return migration --- Exode des cerveaux --- Brain drain - Developing countries --- Return migration - Developing countries

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222.3 --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- Bible OT. Pentateuch. Exodus --- 221.07 --- 221.07 Kommentaren op het Oude Testament --- Kommentaren op het Oude Testament --- 222.3 Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- 222.3 L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres

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Islam --- National movements --- Sociology of culture --- Algeria --- History --- Islamic fundamentalism --- Islam - Algeria - History - 20th century --- mosquées --- Algérie --- urbanisation --- démographie --- exode rural --- culture --- politique --- idéologie --- crise du logement --- conditions de vie --- l'Islam --- Front islamique du salut --- FIS

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'Mobility and Modernity' uses voluminous German data on migrations over the past two centuries to demonstrate why conventional assumptions about the relationship between mobility and modernity must be revised. Thus far the changing total volume of migration has not been traced over a long period for any country. Unique migration registration statistics, both detailed and broadly geographical in coverage, allow the precise plotting of migration rates in Germany since 1820. Steve Hochstadt combines careful quantitative methods, easily understood numerical data, and social analysis based upon broad reading in German social history to show that current beliefs about the direction and timing of changes in German mobility, which have been based on late nineteenth-century anxieties about urbanization and industrialization, do not match the data. Migration rates in Germany rose continuously throughout the nineteenth century, and have fallen during the twentieth century. Mobility, Hochstadt argues, was not an unprecedented accompaniment to industrialization, but a traditional rural response to specific economic changes. Hochstadt's more precise analysis of urban in- and outmigration shows the mechanism of urbanization to have been the migration of families rather than the much greater, but also more circular, migration of single men and women. Hochstadt demonstrates the importance of examining historical behavior, powerfully justifying the methods of historical demography as a path to social understanding. The data and specific conclusions are German, but the methods and reinterpretaion of migration history have much wider application, both to other modern European nations and to currently developing countries. Those who study the modern social history of Europe, the mechanisms that formed urban working classes, and the methods of historical demography will be interested in Hochstadt's work. Steven Hochstadt was awarded the Social Science History Association's Allan Sharl

Migration, Internal --- Residential mobility --- Rural-urban migration --- Migration intérieure --- Mobilité résidentielle --- Exode rural --- History --- Histoire --- History. --- History of Germany and Austria --- anno 1800-1999 --- Migration intérieure --- Mobilité résidentielle --- Germany --- Migration [Internal ]

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Migration. Refugees --- History of Antwerp --- migration [function] --- anno 1700-1799 --- anno 1800-1899 --- Rural-urban migration --- Exode rural --- History --- Histoire --- Antwerpen (stad) --- Antwerp (Belgium) --- Anvers (Belgique) --- Emigration and immigration --- Social aspects --- Social conditions --- Economic conditions --- Emigration et immigration --- Aspect social --- Conditions sociales --- Conditions économiques --- Conditions économiques --- Migratie. Vluchtelingen --- Geschiedenis van Antwerpen --- migratie --- Social aspects. --- Economic conditions.