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A Primer to the Theory of Critical Phenomena provides scientists in academia and industry, as well as graduate students in physics, chemistry, and geochemistry with the scientific fundamentals of critical phenomena and phase transitions. The book helps readers broaden their understanding of a field that has developed tremendously over the last forty years. The book also makes a great resource for graduate level instructors at universities.

Critical phenomena (Physics)

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The aim of this book is to familiarise the reader with the rich collection of ideas, methods and results available in the theory of critical phenomena in systems with confined geometry. The existence of universal features of the finite-size effects arising due to highly correlated classical or quantum fluctuations is explained by the finite-size scaling theory. This theory (1) offers an interpretation of experimental results on finite-size effects in real systems; (2) gives the most reliable tool for extrapolation to the thermodynamic limit of data obtained by computer simulations; (3) reveals

Critical phenomena (Physics) --- Finite size scaling (Physics) --- Phenomena, Critical (Physics) --- Physics --- Quantum mechanics. Quantumfield theory

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Renormalization (Physics) --- Charge and mass renormalization --- Mass and charge renormalization --- Electric charge and distribution --- Phenomena, Critical (Physics) --- Renormalization (Physics). --- Critical phenomena (Physics). --- Critical phenomena (Physics) --- #WSCH:AAS2 --- 512.54 --- Mass (Physics) --- Physical measurements --- Quantum field theory --- Physics --- 512.54 Groups. Group theory --- Groups. Group theory --- Statistical physics

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Statistical physics --- Fluid mechanics --- Phase transformations (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Fluctuations (Physics) --- Transitions de phase --- Congresses --- Congrès --- -Phase rule and equilibrium --- -Phase transformations (Statistical physics) --- -536 --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Critical phenomena (Physics) --- Equilibrium --- Chemical equilibrium --- Chemical systems --- Critical point --- Heat. Thermodynamics --- 536 Heat. Thermodynamics --- Congrès --- 536 --- Fluid mechanics. --- Critical phenomena --- Crystal structure --- Phase transition

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The study of firm creation is becoming a focal point of business research, education, practice, and policymaking. Currently, it is estimated that 12 million people in the United States are involved in business start-ups; the phenomenon is embedded in the American culture—and in many others around the world. The Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED) research program is designed to enhance the scientific understanding of how people start businesses, by gathering and providing primary data on the business creation process. The first data collection (PSED I) was initiated in 1998 and three follow-up surveys were completed by 2004. The second (PSED II), supported by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, the U.S. Small Business Administration, and the National Science Foundation, was initiated in 2005. Harmonized projects have been implemented in seven other countries. This volume, including contributions from the organizers and advisory committee members, presents assessments based on the initial and first follow-up PSED II data; two more follow-ups are in process. The book highlights key implications and applications and includes chapters covering entrepreneurial behavior, demographic and gender factors, financing the emerging business, ownership arrangements, and the roles of social capital and technology. Other assessments focus on the nature of those active as nascent entrepreneurs, the activities undertaken during the start-up process, and the characteristics of start-up efforts that become new firms; the appendix provides a detailed discussion of the data collection procedures. The result is an introduction to the theories, conceptualizations, approaches, and measurement of the business creation process. This book will be a valuable guide for those interested in business creation for research or policy objectives.

Duality theory (Mathematics). --- Entrepreneurship --Psychological aspects. --- New business enterprises --United States. --- Von Neumann algebras --Crossed products. --- New business enterprises --- Entrepreneurship --- Management Styles & Communication --- Economic Theory --- Management --- Business & Economics --- Psychological aspects --- Business starts --- Development stage enterprises --- How to start a business --- New companies --- Start-up business enterprises --- Start-up companies --- Start-ups (Business enterprises) --- Starting a business --- Startups (Business enterprises) --- 531.19 <063> --- 536.75 <063> --- Statistical mechanics--Congressen --- Entropy. Statistical thermodynamics. Irreversible processes--Congressen --- Renormalization group --- 536.75 <063> Entropy. Statistical thermodynamics. Irreversible processes--Congressen --- 531.19 <063> Statistical mechanics--Congressen --- Business. --- Management science. --- Entrepreneurship. --- Industrial psychology. --- Business and Management. --- Business and Management, general. --- Industrial, Organisational and Economic Psychology. --- 536 --- 536 Heat. Thermodynamics --- Heat. Thermodynamics --- 512 --- 512 Algebra --- Algebra --- Statistical physics --- Analytical spaces --- Business enterprises --- Business incubators --- Von Neumann algebras --- Psychological aspects. --- Crossed products. --- Critical phenomena (Physics) --- Congresses. --- Congresses --- Applied psychology. --- Industrial and Organizational Psychology. --- Applied psychology --- Psychagogy --- Psychology, Practical --- Social psychotechnics --- Psychology --- Trade --- Economics --- Commerce --- Industrial management --- Entrepreneur --- Intrapreneur --- Capitalism --- Business psychology --- Industrial psychology --- Psychotechnics --- Industrial engineering --- Personnel management --- Psychology, Applied --- Industrial psychologists --- Quantitative business analysis --- Problem solving --- Operations research --- Statistical decision --- Hydrodynamics. --- Critical phenomena (Physics) - Congresses --- Renormalization group - Congresses --- Critical phenomena --- Phase transformations (statistical physics) --- Algebres topologiques --- Algebres de von neumann