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"Most of the world's population lives in cities in developing countries, where access to basic public services, such as water, electricity, and health clinics, is either inadequate or sorely missing. Through the lens of urban water provision, this book shows how politicians fail to provide reliable and high quality public services because they often benefit politically from manipulating public service provision for electoral gain. In many young democracies, politicians exchange water service for votes or political support, attempting to reward allies or punish political enemies. Surprisingly, the political problem of water provision has become more pronounced in many young democracies, as water service represents a valuable political currency in resource-scarce environments. When do politicians forgo the clientelistic manipulation of water services and invest in programmatic and universal service provision? Water and Politics finds that middle-class and industrial elites play an important role in generating pressure for public service reforms. Based on extensive field research and combining process tracing with a subnational comparative analysis of eight Mexican cities, Water and Politics constructs a framework for understanding the construction of universal service provision in these weak institutional settings"--
Water-supply --- Public utilities --- Patron and client --- Political aspects
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"New Yorks most valuable citizen" – this honorary title was given to Adolph Lewisohn. When he was born in Hamburg in 1849 as the son of Orthodox Jews and successful merchants, a career as a merchant was put in his cradle. In search of personal freedom he persuaded his strict father in 1867 to let him go to New York. The fact that Lewisohn, as an industrialist in the USA, will generate millions of euros in only twenty years time would have seemed like a fairy tale to the young migrant. With dedication, foresight and flexibility he builds a copper empire. For four decades he then supports countless charitable projects with millions of euros. The Hamburgische Wissenschaftliche Stiftung (Hamburg Scientific Society) also owes him one of the biggest donations it received when it was founded. This is the first biography of this exceptionally successful businessman, art collector and international philanthropist.
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"Citroën, 1915-1935... Cet ouvrage n’est ni l’histoire d’un homme, André Citroën, qui inscrivit son nom sur la Tour Eiffel, ni celle d’une entreprise née du premier conflit mondial, constituée en société anonyme, marquée de vicissitudes et ambassadrice du savoir-faire des ingénieurs français. On ne parlera ni de capitaux, ni de conseils d’administration, ni de filiales ou de service commercial, ni même de marché ou de concurrence avec les autres constructeurs, et pas seulement d’automobile. Rarement nommées, celles-ci restent pourtant l’articulation majeure de la recherche par l’ensemble des symboles qu’elles véhiculent. Symboles d’une branche industrielle d’avant-garde, elles représentent le développement économique de l’entre-deux-guerres et aussi une classe ouvrière en mutation, combative par tradition, fer de lance du syndicat CGTU et du jeune parti communiste. Mais l’automobile est aussi cet objet mythique qui définit une société de consommation de masse bâtie sur l’organisation scientifique du travail." d'après le site de l'éditeur
History --- industrie --- industrie automobile --- organisation scientifique du travail --- taylorisme --- fordisme --- patron --- ouvrier --- usine --- grève --- lutte ouvrière
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Dans ses dimensions méditerranéennes et européennes, l’ouvrage explore l’histoire industrielle contemporaine par l’analyse de ses principaux acteurs : les hommes – patrons et ouvriers – ou les usines et entreprises, de l’affaire de famille au grand groupe international, de la mine au haut-fourneau. Quelles que soient leur taille ou longévité, toutes ces histoires et monographies s’inscrivent dans un cadre global : celui de la transformation de leur environnement économique et industriel tout au long des XIXe et XXIe siècles. Les politiques mises en œuvre au niveau national et européen impactent directement ces entreprises. Elles subissent la désindustrialisation ou en profitent. C’est ainsi que le patrimoine, la mémoire de l’industrie deviennent les nouvelles matières premières des historiens, qui investissent les champs les plus récents de la recherche tels les conflits environnementaux. Ce volume d’études en l’honneur du Professeur Philippe Mioche réunit des spécialistes de l’industrie, de ses impacts et évolutions, ainsi que de sa patrimonialisation, du XIXe siècle à nos jours.
History --- histoire industrielle --- entreprise --- Europe --- patron --- ouvrier --- Méditerranée --- usine --- désindustrialisation --- industrie
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St. Jude, the patron saint of hopeless causes, is the most popular saint of the American Catholic laity, particularly among women. This book investigates the circumstances that led so many Catholic women to feel hopeless and turn to St. Jude for help.
Catholic women - Religious life - United States. --- Iudas (Thaddaeus) ap. --- Jude, - Saint - Cult - United States. --- United States - Religious life and customs. --- Catholic women --- Christian patron saints --- Christian patron saints. --- Social conditions --- Jude, --- United States.
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This 1996 book is about politics in Brazil during the military regime of 1964-85 and the transition to democracy. Unlike most books about contemporary Brazilian politics that focus on promising signs of change, this book seeks to explain remarkable political continuity in the Brazilian political system. It attributes the persistence of traditional politics and the dominance of regionally based, traditional political elites in particular to the manner in which the economic and political strategies of the military, together with the transition to democracy, reinforced the clientelistic, personalistic, and regional basis of state-society relations. The book focuses on the political competition and representation in the state of Minas Gerais.
Elite (Social sciences) --- Patron and client --- Authoritarianism --- Political science --- Authority --- Clientela --- Clientelism --- Patronage, Roman --- Brazil --- Politics and government --- Autoritarisme --- Elite (Sciences sociales) --- Patron et client --- Brésil --- Politique et gouvernement --- Social Sciences --- Political Science
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Iconography --- Christian special devotions --- Belgium --- Netherlands --- Christian patron saints --- Saints patrons chrétiens --- 235.3 <03> --- 235 <493> --- #GGSB: Geestelijke lezing(rood) --- #GGSB: Heiligen --- #GGSB: Volksreligie (volksreligiositeit / devotie) --- C3 --- apocriefen (x) --- apostelen (x) --- iconografisch materiaal --- 245.5 --- geschiedenis --- volksgeloof --- Lage Landen --- heiligen --- katholicisme --- Heiligen --- Hagiografie--Naslagwerken. Referentiewerken --- Engelen. Demonen. Heiligen--België --- Kunst en cultuur --- katholicisme - heiligen --- Saints patrons chrétiens --- 235.315 --- Christian saints in art --- Christian saints --- Dutch --- Attributes --- Christian saints, Patron --- Patron Christian saints --- Patron saints --- Patron saints, Christian --- 2353 <03> --- 235315. --- 2455 --- GGSB: Geestelijke lezing(rood). --- GGSB: Heiligen. --- GGSB: Volksreligie (volksreligiositeit / devotie). --- Lage Landen. --- apocriefen (x). --- apostelen (x). --- geschiedenis. --- heiligen. --- iconografisch materiaal. --- katholicisme. --- volksgeloof. --- Engelen Demonen Heiligen--België. --- Hagiografie--Naslagwerken Referentiewerken. --- Katholicisme - heiligen. --- Kunst en cultuur. --- Geestelijke lezing(rood) --- Volksreligie (volksreligiositeit / devotie) --- Christian patron saints - Netherlands --- Christian patron saints - Belgium --- Patrons --- Pays-Bas --- Belgique --- beschermheilgen --- schutspatronen voor beroesverenigingen --- volksdevotie --- gebruiken --- legendes --- rituelen --- de lage landen --- Vlaanderen --- Nederland
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The rulers of the Byzantine Empire and its commonwealth were protected both by their own soldiers and by a heavenly army: the military saints. The transformation of Saints George, Demetrios, Theodore and others into the patrons of imperial armies was one of the defining developments of religious life under the Macedonian emperors. This book provides a comprehensive study of military sainthood and its roots in late antiquity. The emergence of the cults is situated within a broader social context, in which mortal soldiers were equated with martyrs and martyrs of the early Church recruited to protect them on the battlefield. Dr White then traces the fate of these saints in early Rus, drawing on unpublished manuscripts and other under-utilised sources to discuss their veneration within the princely clan and their influence on the first native saints of Rus, Boris and Gleb, who eventually joined the ranks of their ancient counterparts.
War --- Christian patron saints --- Christian martyrs --- Guerre --- Saints patrons chrétiens --- Martyrs chrétiens --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- History of doctrines --- Cult --- Aspect religieux --- Christianisme --- Histoire des doctrines --- Culte --- Byzantine Empire. --- Religious life --- Byzantine Empire --- Empire byzantin --- History, Military --- Church history. --- Histoire militaire --- Histoire religieuse --- Church history --- Saints patrons chrétiens --- Martyrs chrétiens --- Armed conflict (War) --- Conflict, Armed (War) --- Fighting --- Hostilities --- Wars --- International relations --- Military art and science --- Martyrs --- Martyrdom --- Christian saints, Patron --- Patron Christian saints --- Patron saints --- Patron saints, Christian --- Christian saints --- Christian patron saints - Cult - Byzantine Empire --- Christian martyrs - Cult - Byzantine Empire --- War - Religious aspects - Christianity - History of doctrines - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Saints militaires --- Byzance --- Russie --- Byzantine Empire - History, Military - 1081-1453 --- Byzantine Empire - Church history --- Arts and Humanities --- History
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SOCIAL SCIENCE --- Sociology / General --- Patronage, Political --- Patron and client --- Social action --- Social change --- Political Institutions & Public Administration - General --- Government - General --- Law, Politics & Government --- Change, Social --- Cultural change --- Cultural transformation --- Societal change --- Socio-cultural change --- Social history --- Social evolution --- Social policy --- Social problems --- Clientela --- Clientelism --- Patronage, Roman --- Political patronage --- Spoils system --- Civil service reform --- Clientelism, Political --- Patron-client politics --- Political clientelism --- Political sociology --- Patronage, Political. --- Patron and client. --- Social action. --- Social change.
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En mars 1789, Pierre-François Lepoutre, fermier à Linselles, est élu député de la gouvernance de Lille aux États généraux ; son élection constitue en elle-même un épisode révélateur de la dynamique politique dans laquelle la France est engagée. Notre paysan croyait sans doute rester quelques semaines à Versailles ; en fait, membre de l’Assemblée devenue nationale constituante, il séjourne au cœur de la France en révolution et reste deux ans et demi loin de la ferme des Wattines que dirige son épouse, Angélique Lepoutre-Delputte. Ainsi séparé, le couple échange près de 500 lettres. Ce volume restitue fidèlement la majeure partie de cette correspondance exceptionnelle. Elle constitue une évocation très concrète de l’histoire générale de la Révolution tout en fourmillant de notations sur les préoccupations quotidiennes des députés. Mais cette correspondance à double sens permet aussi d’appréhender l’indéniable mise en mouvement des provinces par l’événement révolutionnaire. On perçoit bien la complexité des adhésions et des refus à l’égard du changement en cours, l’enchevêtrement des espoirs et des inquiétudes dans les campagnes flamandes qui ne sont pas aussi immédiatement antirévolutionnaire qu’on le prétend parfois. À côté des grands engagements et de la grave question religieuse, c’est une multitude de préoccupations qui s’enchevêtrent : des problèmes de subsistance à la contrebande, de la révolution brabançonne aux rumeurs de guerre, des contributions patriotiques aux problèmes des assignats. Par ailleurs, les lettres nous font pénétrer à la fois dans une exploitation agricole et dans la vie d’une famille de notables villageois. L’intensification de l’agriculture et la diversification des activités, l’importance des fêtes familiales et l’étendue du réseau de relations, où figurent bien des noms connus, le souci du député de sauvegarder son approvisionnement en beurre flamand et l’impatience de l’épouse, sur qui pèse lourdement cette longue séparation,…
History of Southern Europe --- Patronage, Political --- Patron and client --- Favoritisme --- Patron et client --- History of the United Kingdom and Ireland --- History of France --- anno 1500-1799 --- Legislators --- History --- Congresses. --- Histoire --- Congrès --- Europe --- Politics and government --- Congresses --- Politique et gouvernement --- Lepoutre, Pierre-François, --- Lepoutre-Delputte, Angélique --- France. --- Flanders (France) --- France --- Clientela --- Clientelism --- Patronage, Roman --- Political patronage --- Spoils system --- Civil service reform --- אספה הלאומית, 9871־1971 --- Flandre française --- Flandre (France) --- French Flanders --- Flanders (County) --- Nord (France : Department) --- Patronage, Political - Europe - History - Congresses. --- Patron and client - Europe - History - Congresses. --- Legislators - France - Correspondence. --- Clientelism, Political --- Patron-client politics --- Political clientelism --- Political sociology --- Linselles --- Assemblée nationale constituante --- Flandre --- parlemantaires
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