Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Pharmaceuticals represent an especially worrying class of micropollutants because they are biologically active. Thus, their occurrence in aquatic environments may cause undesirable effects in living organisms and, if present in water sources for human consumption, may constitute a public health issue. However, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), which have not been designed for the removal of pharmaceuticals and cannot guarantee their full elimination, are considered hotspots for their dissemination in natural waters. In this context, the Special Issue (SI) entitled “Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Water: Conventional and Alternative Treatments” was launched to contribute to the assessment of the contemporary challenges and advances in the removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater. Papers published in the SI, which have been compiled in this book, approached the topic with either of the following different perspectives: (i) the fate and removal of pharmaceuticals by conventional treatments applied in existing WWTPs; or (ii) advanced and alternative green approaches to remove pharmaceuticals from water. Apart from the Editorial, papers published within this SI include two literature reviews and six experimental studies, all of them presenting unconventional approaches, original views, innovative research and/or novel methodologies. This compilation will definitely spark the attention of readers intrigued in the topic, and is useful for researchers in the field.

transportation of pharmaceuticals --- Malaysian aquatic environment --- pharmaceutical consumption --- LC-ToF/MS --- emerging contaminants (ECs) --- sorption --- wastewater treatment --- bioremediation --- algae --- Moringa stenopetala --- water-soluble proteins --- antibiotics removal efficiency --- pharmaceuticals --- water quality --- water treatment --- abatement options --- fungi --- biosorption --- removal of pharmaceuticals --- wastewater --- phyco-remediation --- emerging contaminants --- paracetamol --- Danio rerio --- advanced oxidation processes --- antibiotics --- photolysis --- ozone --- hydrogen peroxide --- Fenton --- heterogeneous photocatalysis --- sonochemical oxidation --- electrooxidation --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The increasingly stricter standards for effluent discharge and the decreasing availability of freshwater resources worldwide have made the development of advanced wastewater treatment technologies necessary. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are becoming an attractive alternative and a complementary treatment option to conventional methods. AOPs are used to improve the biodegradability of wastewaters containing non-biodegradable organics. Besides, AOPs may inactivate pathogenic microorganisms without adding additional chemicals to the water during disinfection, avoiding the formation of hazardous by-products. This Special Issue of Processes aims to cover recent progress and novel trends in the field of AOPs, including UV/H2O2, O3, sulphate-radical oxidation, nanotechnology in AOPs, heterogeneous photocatalysis, sonolysis, Fenton, photo-Fenton, electrochemical oxidation, and related oxidation processes. The topics to be addressed in this Special Issue of Processes may also include the application of AOPs at various scales (laboratory, pilot, or industrial scale), the degradation of emerging contaminants in water and wastewater and pollutants in the gas phase, the quantification of toxicicy in residuals, the development of novel catalytic materials and of hybrid processes, including the combination of AOPs with other technologies, process intensification, and the use of photo-electrochemical processes for energy production.

polycyclic musks --- degradation mechanism --- UV/chlorine advanced oxidation process --- water treatment --- UV-LED --- photoreactors --- mining wastewater --- cyanide --- metal removal --- photocatalysis --- TiO2 nanotubes --- emerging contaminants --- paracetamol --- pH --- heating oxidation --- surface/interface properties --- floatability --- induction time --- bubble-particle wrap angle --- cow manure --- chemical activation process --- activated carbon --- pore property --- cationic pollutant --- adsorption performance --- nano zero-valent iron --- borohydride reduction method --- wastewater treatment --- iron nanopowders --- lead ions --- biological processes --- electrochemical processes --- oxidation processes --- petroleum --- phenols --- sulfides --- ethyl violet --- Mn-doped Fe/rGO nanocomposites --- mesoporous materials --- artificial intelligence --- gradient boosted regression trees --- total dissolved nitrogen --- digestion method --- digestion efficiency --- intensification --- ozone --- electrolyzed water --- foodborne pathogens --- sanitization --- advace oxitadion processes (AOP) --- electro-oxidation --- ferrate ion --- BBR dye --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

It is our pleasure to present this Special Issue of Pharmaceuticals, entitled “Applications of Liquid Chromatography in Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Products”. Plants produce a wide range of phytochemicals, which are secondary metabolites that confirm their identity and are used for the production of natural pharmaceuticals, among other things. The use of modern chromatographic techniques allows accurate quantitative and qualitative identification of the above-mentioned phytochemicals and their natural products. Liquid chromatography is one of the most efficient and robust specific techniques, due to the merits of convenience and strong separation ability, as well as a wide range of material applications for identification. Liquid chromatography is widely used for the analysis of plants, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, natural product quality control, or quantitative determination of bioactive compounds. The most commonly used for the identification of different plant material and pharmaceuticals are the ultra- and high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-VIS, fluorescence, diode array, and equipped with mass spectrometry or tandem mass spectrometry detection methods. Therefore, for this Special Issue, we published works concerning the latest scientific news, insights, and advances in the field of innovation and applications of liquid chromatography in the analysis of phytochemicals and natural products.

in vitro biological activity --- bioactive compounds --- morphological parts --- medical plant --- Fragaria viridis --- creamy strawberry --- ellagitannins --- HPLC --- mass spectrometry --- fruit ripening --- antioxidant potential --- bisphenol A --- high-performance liquid chromatography --- ionic liquid --- dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction --- extraction kinetic studies --- tenofovir --- creatinine --- HPLC-UV --- hepatitis B virus --- human immunodeficiency virus --- anatoxin-a(s) --- neurotoxins --- cyanobacteria poisoning --- bio-accessibility --- isothiazolinones --- parabens --- cosmetics --- SPE --- UHPLC/DAD --- Gardenia jasminoides Ellis --- anti-diabetic activity --- LC-MS/MS --- GC-MS --- anti-oxidant --- Ficus glumosa --- polyphenols --- HPLC-ESI-MS/MS --- antiproliferative --- antioxidant --- Ayurveda --- Divya-Swasari-Vati --- herbal medicine --- UPLC/QToF MS --- validation --- Allium cepa L. --- Box–Behnken --- flavonoids --- quercetin glycosides --- liquid chromatography --- multiresponse optimization --- onion --- phenolic compounds --- UHPLC --- HPLC-MS/MS --- steroidal hormones --- anti-doping --- bovine blood --- equine blood --- natural products --- plant materials --- dietary supplements --- terpenes --- capillary liquid chromatography --- steroids --- skin permeability --- thin layer chromatography --- calculated physicochemical descriptors --- topical formulation --- anti-cellulite --- cosmetic --- monoterpenoids --- accelerated stability --- F0 concept --- steam sterilization --- sterilization safety --- glucose degradation products --- α-dicarbonyl compounds --- derivatization --- tandem mass spectrometry --- Geobacillus stearothermophilus --- paracetamol --- accuracy profile --- 3D printed --- formulation --- biorelevant media

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The 3D printing (3DP) process was patented in 1986; however, only in the last decade has it begun to be used for medical applications, as well as in the fields of prosthetics, bio-fabrication, and pharmaceutical printing. 3DP or additive manufacturing (AM) is a family of technologies that implement layer-by-layer processes in order to fabricate physical models based on a computer aided design (CAD) model. 3D printing permits the fabrication of high degrees of complexity with great reproducibility in a fast and cost-effective fashion. 3DP technology offers a new paradigm for the direct manufacture of individual dosage forms and has the potential to allow for variations in size and geometry as well as control dose and release behavior. Furthermore, the low cost and ease of use of 3DP systems means that the possibility of manufacturing medicines and medical devices at the point of dispensing or at the point of use could become a reality. 3DP thus offers the perfect innovative manufacturing route to address the critical capability gap that hinders the widespread exploitation of personalized medicines for molecules that are currently not easy to deliver. This Special Issue will address new developments in the area of 3D printing and bioprinting for drug delivery applications, covering the recent advantages and future directions of additive manufacturing for pharmaceutical products.

digital pharmacy --- fused deposition modeling 3D printing --- modified drug release --- personalized medicines --- telemedicine --- three dimensional printing --- additive manufacturing --- 3D printed drug products --- printlets --- personalised medicines --- personalized pharmaceuticals --- multiple units --- spheroids --- beads --- acetaminophen --- 3D printing --- fused filament fabrication --- lignin --- antioxidant materials --- wound dressing --- modified release --- filament extrusion --- fused layer modeling --- theophylline --- high API load --- three-dimensional printing --- fixed-dose combinations --- tablets --- multiple-layer dosage forms --- stereolithography --- vat polymerisation --- fused deposition modeling --- polylactic acid --- chemical modification --- MTT assay --- biofilm formation --- warfarin --- semisolid extrusion 3D printing --- inkjet printing --- orodispersible film --- oral powder --- pediatric --- hospital pharmacy --- personalized medicine --- on-demand manufacturing --- drug delivery --- micromedicine --- drug development --- micro-swimmer --- micro-implant --- oral dosages --- microneedle --- high-precision targeting --- controlled release --- geometry --- resolution --- feature size --- release profile --- vascularization --- digital light processing technology --- neural networks --- optimization --- prediction --- FMD --- pregabalin --- gastric floating --- complex structures --- patient-specific --- structural design --- gums --- Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing --- processing parameters --- pharmaceutical quality control --- hot-melt extrusion --- solid dosage forms --- 3D printed oral dosage forms --- sustained drug release tablets --- photopolymerization --- paracetamol (acetaminophen) --- aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) --- amorphous solid dispersion --- poor solubility --- fixed dose combination --- stencil printing --- pharmacoprinting --- orodispersible discs --- orodisperible films --- floating systems --- pulsatile release --- chronotherapeutic delivery --- wound-healing --- 3D bio-printing --- pectin --- propolis --- cyclodextrin --- 3D bio-inks --- fused deposition modelling --- extrusion --- vaginal meshes --- mechanical properties --- drug release --- anti-infective devices --- pelvic organ prolapse --- stress urinary incontinence --- gastro-retentive floating system --- dissolution kinetics --- implantable devices --- subcutaneous --- biodegradable --- prolonged drug delivery --- polymers --- pharmaceuticals --- extrusion-based 3D printing --- fused deposition modeling (FDM) --- pressure-assisted microsyringe (PAM) --- materials --- process --- 3D bioprinting --- polymeric ink --- pseudo-bone --- implantable scaffold --- computer-aided design (CAD) design --- bioprinting --- computer-aided design (CAD) --- pharmaceutics