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Respiratory system and artificial ventilation are key topics when considering the main aspects of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine: assisted ventilation techniques are essential to preserve the patient’s life, but just as any other treatments they can be also extremely pernicious. Scientific research and clinical evidences are equally fundamental in investigating the best methods to provide effective support and increase positive outcomes. It is obviously desirable that this knowledge and know-how are widely shared among scientists and practitioners. With this purpose, the book includes contributions by an international panel of authors and gathers their varied and valuable expertise up to illustrate principles, study results and case experiences on respiratory physiopathology, respiratory mechanics, respiratory functions monitoring, artificial ventilation and diagnostic radiology in respiratory dysfunction failure. We trust it can represent a precious reference for professionals in their ongoing self-improvement process to increase skilfulness. Furthermore, we hope that this book can serve as a useful learning tool for medical students and can contribute to the education of future anaesthesiologists and intensivists.

Respirators (Medical equipment) --- Respiratory therapy. --- Mechanical ventilators (Medical equipment) --- Pulmonary ventilators --- Respirators --- Ventilators, Mechanical (Medical equipment) --- Ventilators, Pulmonary --- Anesthesiology --- Artificial respiration --- Respiratory therapy --- Inhalation therapy --- Drugs --- Therapeutics --- Aerotherapy --- Intranasal medication --- Apparatus and instruments --- Equipment and supplies --- Administration --- Pneumology. --- Anesthesiology. --- Critical care medicine. --- Radiology, Medical. --- Pneumology/Respiratory System. --- Intensive / Critical Care Medicine. --- Imaging / Radiology. --- Intensive care --- Intensive medicine --- Medicine --- Emergency medicine --- Intensive care units --- Anaesthesiology --- Surgery --- Clinical radiology --- Radiology, Medical --- Radiology (Medicine) --- Medical physics --- Respiratory organs—Diseases. --- Radiology. --- Radiological physics --- Physics --- Radiation

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This unique collection of chapters from world experts on person-centered outcome (PCO) measures addresses the following critical questions: Can individual experiences be represented in measurements that do not reduce unique differences to meaningless uniformity? How person-centric are PCO measures? Are PCO measurements capable of delivering the kind of quality assured quantification required for high-stakes decision making? Are PCO measures likely to support improved health care delivery? Have pivotal clinical studies failed to deliver treatments for diseases because of shortcomings in the PCO measures used? Are these shortcomings primarily matters of precision and meaningfulness? Or is the lack of common languages for communicating outcomes also debilitating to quality improvement, research, and the health care economy? Three key issues form an urgent basis for further investigation. First, the numbers generated by PCO measures are increasingly used as the central dependent variables upon which high stakes decisions are made. The rising profile of PCO measures places new demands for higher quality information from scale and test construction, evaluation, selection, and interpretation. Second, PCO measurement science has well-established lessons to be learned from those who have built and established the science over many decades. Finally, the goal in making a PCO measurement is to inform outcome management. As such, it is vitally important that key stakeholders understand that, over the last half century, developments in psychometrics have refocused measurement on illuminating clinically important individual differences in the context of widely reproduced patterns of variation in health and functioning, comparable scale values for quality improvement, and practical explanatory models. This book’s audience includes anyone interested in person-centered care, including healthcare researchers and practitioners, policy makers, pharmaceutical industry representatives, clinicians, patient advocates, and metrologists. This is an open access book.

Mensuration & systems of measurement --- Medical equipment & techniques --- Psychological testing & measurement --- Medical administration & management --- patient-centered outcomes --- psychometrics --- health measurement --- social measurement --- clinical outcome assessments --- patient reported outcomes