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Biocatalysis, the application of enzymes as catalysts for chemical synthesis, has become an increasingly valuable tool for the synthetic chemist. Enzymatic transformations carried out by enzymes or whole-cell catalysts are used for the production of a wide variety of compounds ranging from bulk to fine chemicals. The primary consideration for the incorporation of biotransformation in a synthetic sequence is regio- and stereocontrol that can be achieved with enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Biotransformations are thus becoming accepted as a method for generating optically pure compounds as well as for developing efficient routes to target compounds. This Special Issue aims to address the main applications of biocatalysts, isolated enzymes, and whole microorganisms in the synthesis of bioactive compounds and their precursors.

8-hydroxydaidzein --- stable --- soluble --- anti-inflammation --- amylosucrase --- Deinococcus geothermalis --- coumarin --- biotransformation --- filamentous fungi --- selective hydroxylation --- bromination --- chlorination --- pharmaceuticals --- active agent synthesis --- biocatalysis --- haloperoxidase --- halogenase --- glycosyltransferase --- Glycine max (L.) Merr. --- HPLC/MS --- isoflavone aglycone-rich extract --- isoflavone α-glucoside --- alkene cleavage --- aryl alkenes --- basidiomycota --- carotene degradation --- dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP) --- manganese --- Komagataella pfaffii --- Pleurotus sapidus --- monoterpenes --- limonene --- glycerol --- mevalonate pathway --- reaction engineering --- bioprocess --- biocatalyst --- two-liquid phase fermentation --- in situ product removal --- lipase --- unsaturated fatty acid --- oxidative cleavage --- oxidation --- adaptation --- UV/NTG mutagenesis --- psychrotrophs --- terpenes

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"The Global Impact of Ergot Alkaloids" addresses the very broad topic of ergot alkaloids and the influence that they have on many facets of life. The content in this Special Issue pertains to research studying fungi, plants, livestock, and humans. While the perspectives of each paper may differ, the common aspect is the interest and emphasis on ergot alkaloids. These compounds cross the spectrum from feared toxins to potential pharmaceutical discoveries. The research included spans the globe and has content that will attract the interest of readers from many different backgrounds.

ergot alkaloids --- strain improvement --- UV --- EMS --- Penicillium citrinum --- response surface methodology --- PBD --- BBD --- integrative interactomics --- integrome --- metabolomics --- microbiome --- tall fescue --- Epichloë coenophiala --- fescue toxicosis --- ergot alkaloid occurrence --- sclerotia --- cereals --- LC-MS/MS --- correlation --- survey --- beef cattle --- endophyte --- ergot alkaloid --- isoflavone --- metabolites --- genetic tolerance --- cytokines --- cow productivity --- CRISPR/Cas9 --- non-transgenic engineered fungi --- genome editing --- genome sequencing --- MinION --- nanopore --- secondary metabolites --- endophyte transmission --- livestock safety --- insect testing --- quality control --- alkaloid profile --- single nucleotide polymorphism --- milk production --- calf growth --- acute ergot exposure --- ergot toxicity --- sheep --- vasoconstriction --- adrenergic receptors --- ergot --- ethnopharmacology --- abortion --- childbirth --- ergovaline --- horse pastures --- pregnant mares --- species composition --- ergot fungi --- gene divergence --- gene diversity --- indole diterpenes --- phylogeny --- Claviceps purpurea --- fungal plant pathogen --- biosynthetic gene cluster --- mycotoxins --- untargeted metabolomics --- mass spectrometry --- blood vessel --- myograph --- serotonin --- n/a --- Epichloë coenophiala