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Transfer payments --- Income distribution --- Government transfer payments --- Payments, Transfer --- Expenditures, Public --- National income --- Accounting --- Einkommenspolitik --- Grundlagen der Volkswirtschaft

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In this book, Cecilia Osorio Gonnet takes the reader on a journey from the rise of Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) in Mexico and Brazil though their spread across Latin America over the late 20th and early 21st centuries. What makes this text a must read is how Osorio Gonnet analyses this spread; combining an impressive array of qualitative and quantitative data to show how endogenous and exogenous forces interacted to shape the nature of individual CCT programs, within an underlying set of ‘essential’ elements. Forming the fundamental uniqueness of this investigation was Osorio Gonnet’s notable empirical study of the epistemic community that developed, changed, and acted as the catalyst for the spread and understanding of CCTs amongst the regions policymakers. Osorio Gonnet’s core arguments are illustrated a detailed analysis of the diametrically different cases of Chile’s Solidario program and what became Ecuador’s Bono Desarrollo Humano program. Not only will this text help form the basis of future studies through the question it raises in relation to diffusion, but it will be a must read for anyone interested in Conditional Cash Transfers, Comparative Policy Analysis, Policy Studies, Policy Diffusion and Policy Transfer studies. - David Dolowitz, University of Liverpool, UK This book offers readers a deeper understanding of the diffusion process of the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs in Latin America and the role played by experts and international organizations. CCTs have been increasingly implemented around the world in recent decades, and by 2010, 17 countries in Latin America had adopted them. The evidence suggests that this concentration is due to a process of policy diffusion. International organizations contribute to this process; however, the book’s main argument is that there was another, more important actor involved: a regional epistemic community that increased the availability of information about CCTs and reinforced their legitimacy, playing a role in the domestic processes of formulation and adoption. This book addresses the diffusion of the programs throughout the region; diffusion mechanisms that can help us understand the programs’ adoption (emulation, learning and coercion); and the impacts of key actors on the process (epistemic community, international organizations and policymakers). Cecilia Osorio Gonnet holds a Ph.D. in tPolitical and Social Sciences from the Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Currently, she is an Assistant Professor at the Politics and Government Department, Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Chile. Her most recent book was “Learning or emulating: how social policies are disseminated in Latin America” (2018).

Transfer payments --- Cash transactions --- Money --- Government transfer payments --- Payments, Transfer --- Expenditures, Public --- Income distribution --- National income --- Accounting --- Public policy. --- Social policy. --- Public Policy. --- Social Policy. --- National planning --- State planning --- Economic policy --- Family policy --- Social history

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Transfer payments. --- Income --- Transfer payments --- Household surveys --- Social surveys --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Statistical services --- Evaluation --- Methodology --- Evaluation. --- Community surveys --- Surveys, Social --- Surveys, Household --- Government transfer payments --- Payments, Transfer --- Family income --- Fortunes --- Household income --- Personal income --- Social sciences --- Surveys --- Census --- Expenditures, Public --- Income distribution --- National income --- Economics --- Finance --- Property --- Wealth --- Gross national product --- Profit --- Purchasing power --- Research --- Accounting

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This book identifies rent-seeking behaviour as one of the main causes of poor economic performance, observed, among other places, in many countries of Africa. Rent-seeking describes the ability to capture incomes without producing output or making a productive contribution. Since rent-seekers are often an integral part of an ailing economy and resist the adoption of reforms, understanding and anticipating rent-seeking behaviour is crucial for designing more adequate and effective policy reforms. Following a comprehensive theoretical elaboration of the causes, properties and consequences of rents and rent-seeking strategies in the context of economic reforms and development cooperation, this book presents a detailed case study on rent-seeking within the civil service, parastatal sector and business community. It demonstrates how rent-seekers in Tanzania have systematically delayed or undermined reforms such as tax reforms, trade liberalisation, privatisation or any reforms that aim to restrain corruption and embezzlement. The case study quantifies and evaluates the rent-seeking behaviour of more than 300 parastatal companies, considering their profits and losses, the quality and timeliness of their accounting and the magnitude of support they obtained from 16 different sources. Though it is often difficult to describe rent-seeking empirically—many aspects are hidden and obscured by all sorts of fake explanations—the study at hand explores the maze of endless, general and disaggregated information and traces as many indications of rent-seeking as possible. This broad and detailed approach makes the study unique not only for Tanzania but also within the literature on rent-seeking and development cooperation.

Rent (Economic theory) --- Transfer payments --- Tanzania --- Economic conditions. --- Government transfer payments --- Payments, Transfer --- Expenditures, Public --- Income distribution --- National income --- Economic rent --- Ground-rent --- Economics --- Land use --- Rent seeking --- Accounting --- Development economics. --- Culture-Study and teaching. --- Economic policy. --- Social policy. --- Development Economics. --- Regional and Cultural Studies. --- Economic Policy. --- Social Policy. --- National planning --- State planning --- Economic policy --- Family policy --- Social history --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Economic development --- Culture—Study and teaching.

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Growing Public examines the question of whether social policies that redistribute income impose constraints on economic growth. What kept prospering nations from using taxes for social programs until the end of the nineteenth century? Why did taxes and spending then grow so much, and what are the prospects for social spending in this century? Why did North America become a leader in public education in some ways and not others? Lindert finds answers in the economic history and logic of political voice, population ageing, and income growth. Contrary to traditional beliefs, the net national costs of government social programs are virtually zero. This book not only shows that no Darwinian mechanism has punished the welfare states, but uses history to explain why this surprising result makes sense. Contrary to the intuition of many economists and the ideology of many politicians, social spending has contributed to, rather than inhibited, economic growth.

338 <09> --- AA / International- internationaal --- 330.580 --- 202 --- 368.40 --- Economische geschiedenis --- Gecontroleerde economie. Geleide economie. Welvaarststaat. Algemeenheden. --- Sociale organisatie. --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden. --- Government spending policy --- Income distribution --- Transfer payments --- Welfare economics --- History --- 338 <09> Economische geschiedenis --- Gecontroleerde economie. Geleide economie. Welvaarststaat. Algemeenheden --- Sociale organisatie --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden --- Business, Economy and Management --- Economics --- Economic policy --- Social policy --- Government transfer payments --- Payments, Transfer --- Expenditures, Public --- National income --- Distribution of income --- Income inequality --- Inequality of income --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Disposable income --- Public spending policy --- Spending policy, Government --- Finance, Public --- Full employment policies --- Unfunded mandates --- Accounting --- Government policy