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This publication presents the proceedings from the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) conference on demographic change, focusing on how generations and gender influence these shifts. The conference, held in Geneva, brought together policymakers and researchers to address key demographic trends such as population aging, low fertility rates, and shifting family patterns. The book includes keynote papers and discussions aimed at informing sustainable policy responses. It emphasizes the importance of understanding demographic trends to promote intergenerational solidarity, gender equality, and balance between work and family life. The intended audience includes policymakers, researchers, and those interested in population issues.

Demographic transition. --- Population policy.

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Tibetan Transitions uses the dual lenses of anthropology and demography to analyze population regulating mechanisms in traditional Tibetan societies, and to document recent transitions from high to low fertility throughout the Tibetan world. Using the author’s case studies on historical Tibet, the Tibet Autonomous Region, the highlands of Nepal, and Tibetan exile communities in South Asia, this book provides a theoretical perspective on demographic processes by linking fertility transitions with family systems, economic strategies, gender equity, and family planning ideologies. Special attention is devoted to how institutions (governmental and religious) and the agency of individuals shape reproductive outcomes in both historical and contemporary Tibetan societies, and how demographic data has been interpreted and deployed in recent political debates.

Fertility, Human --- Birth control --- Demographic transition --- Demographic anthropology

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Education --- Public schools --- Demographic aspects

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In recent decades, the successive decline in the number of births has characterised the Portuguese demography, while average life expectancy has increased, this being reflected in a demographic structure with an ageing population. There are fewer people, and they die later. This case is not manifested in the same way across the country, albeit the underlying trend is common to the various rural and urban territories. In terms of population structure, the fact that there are fewer children and school-aged young people does have its consequences, hence why human resource and equipment requirements in the education sector must be remodelled on a continuous basis to address this situation. Against this new demographic, economic and social context, the primary aim of research lies in understanding how the Central Region will evolve in the next two decades (2011-2031), giving some indicators and growth trends that allow us to characterise the future population of this territory. Discussions also cover the implications arising from the changes in the Portuguese population, in particular in the Central Region, addressing the demand for the education system, the training offer to be designed, and the required human resources, and how the different institutions and organisations will respond to an increasingly ageing population with different needs and requirements.

Demography --- School projections --- Central region --- Demographic projections

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This volume brings together 13 well-researched and original essays which describe and analyse the trajectory of fertility decline in the south Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala. Documenting the fact that the fertility decline occurred in regions with vast differences in development indicators, the contributors argue that this transition must be understood as a cumulative result of several factors including family planning policies, socio-economic transformation, and changes in social perceptions towards fertility, contraception, marriage, family and child rearin

Fertility, Human --- Demographic transition --- Transition, Demographic --- Vital revolution (Demography) --- Demography --- Population --- Vital statistics