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Most basic information on plant-mealybug interactions during the last decade has come from research on the cassava Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae) system with two mealybug species, namely Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero and Phenacoccus herreni Cox and Williams (Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae). Both these insects cause severe damage to cassava in Africa and South America, respectively. This book reviews these interactions (plant selection by the insects, nutritional requirements, influence of the climate, intrinsic and extrinsic plant-defence mechanisms). It should be useful for entomologists, crop scientists, agronomists and ecologists as well as for teachers and students. Au cours des dernières décennies, la plupart des recherches sur les interactions plantes-cochenilles farineuses ont porté sur le modèle manioc-cochenilles (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae/Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero et Phenacoccus herreni Cox et Williams, Sternorrhyncha, Pseudococcidae). Ces insectes peuvent être respectivement responsables de pertes de récoltes importantes dans les parcelles de manioc en Afrique et en Amérique du Sud. Cet ouvrage présente ces interactions ainsi que les facteurs qui les influencent : mécanismes de sélection de la plante par les insectes, identification des éléments nutritifs de la plante pour le développement des insectes, mécanismes de défense intrinsèques et extrinsèques de la plante aux insectes et influence du climat sur ces interactions. Il s’adresse aux entomologistes, améliorateurs de plantes, agronomes et écologistes ainsi qu’aux enseignants et étudiants.

Environmental studies, Geography & Development --- cochenille du manioc --- phenacoccus herreni --- parasite --- cochineal --- cassava

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Cassava. --- Agricultural systems. --- Sustainable agriculture. --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Agriculture --- Alternative agriculture --- Farming systems --- Systems, Agricultural --- Systems, Farming --- Agricultural geography --- Farm management --- Bitter cassava --- Casava --- Jatropha manihot --- Mandioca --- Manihot esculenta --- Manihot manihot --- Manihot utilissima --- Manioc --- Sweet-potato tree --- Tapioca plant --- Yuca --- Manihot

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This open access book describes recent innovations in food systems based on root, tuber and banana crops in developing countries. These innovations respond to many of the challenges facing these vital crops, linked to their vegetative seed and bulky and perishable produce. The innovations create value, food, jobs and new sources of income while improving the wellbeing and quality of life of their users. Women are often key players in the production, processing and marketing of roots, tubers and bananas, so successful innovation needs to consider gender. These crops and their value chains have long been neglected by research and development, hence this book contributes to filling in the gap. The book features many outcomes of the CGIAR Research Program in Roots, Tubers and Banana (RTB), which operated from 2012-21, encompassing many tropical countries, academic and industry partners, multiple crops, and major initiatives. It describes the successful innovation model developed by RTB that brings together diverse partners and organizations, to create value for the end users and to generate positive economic and social outcomes. RTB has accelerated the scaling of innovations to reach many end users cost effectively. Though most of the book’s examples and insights are from Africa, they can be applied worldwide. The book will be useful for decision makers designing policies to scale up agricultural solutions, for researchers and extension specialists seeking practical ideas, and for scholars of innovation.

Agricultural science --- Genetics (non-medical) --- Business & management --- Scalling innovation --- tropical crops --- banana --- cassava --- sweet potato --- yams --- agriculture value creation --- crop waste management --- digital pest control --- citizen science --- Conreu --- Tubercles --- Bananes --- Economia agrària --- Països en vies de desenvolupament

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As most people in Atlantic-era West Africa—as in contemporary Europe and the Americas—were farmers, fields and gardens were the primary terrain where they engaged the opportunities and challenges of nascent globalization. Agricultural changes and culinary cross-currents from the Gold Coast indicate that Africans engaged the Atlantic world not with passivity but as full partners with others on continents whose histories have enjoyed longer, and greater, scholarly attention. The most important ‘seeds of change’ are not to be found in the DNA of crops and critters carried across the seas but instead in the creativity and innovation of the people who engaged the challenges and opportunities of the Atlantic World. 

Food crops --- Food habits --- Agriculture --- Plant introduction --- Crops --- Starch crops --- Cassava as food --- Food --- Introduction of plants --- Botany, Economic --- Phytogeography --- Alien plants --- Exotic plants --- Pest introduction --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Eating --- Food customs --- Foodways --- Human beings --- Habit --- Manners and customs --- Diet --- Nutrition --- Oral habits --- Plants, Edible --- Field crops --- Horticultural crops --- Agricultural crops --- Crop plants --- Farm crops --- Industrial crops --- Farm produce --- Plants, Cultivated --- Agronomy --- Crop science --- Plant products --- History. --- Adaptation

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Agriculture is the lever with which humans transformed the earth over the last 10,000 years and created new forms of plant and animal species that have forever altered the face of the planet. In the last decade, significant technological and methodological advances in both molecular biology and archaeology have revolutionized the study of plant and animal domestication and are reshaping our understanding of the transition from foraging to farming, one of the major turning points in human history. This groundbreaking volume for the first time brings together leading archaeologists and biologists working on the domestication of both plants and animals to consider a wide variety of archaeological and genetic approaches to tracing the origin and dispersal of domesticates. It provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in this quickly changing field as well as reviews of recent findings on specific crop and livestock species in the Americas, Eurasia, and Africa. Offering a unique global perspective, it explores common challenges and potential avenues for future progress in documenting domestication.

Evolution. --- Crops, Agricultural --- Archaeology. --- Adaptation, Biological --- Animals, Domestic --- Animal remains (Archaeology) --- Domestic animals --- Plant remains (Archaeology) --- Plants, Cultivated --- Archaeobotanical assemblages --- Archaeobotanical material --- Archaeobotanical remains --- Archaeobotany --- Archaeological plant remains --- Archaeology, Botanical --- Assemblages, Archaeobotanical --- Botanical archaeology --- Botany in archaeology --- Material, Archaeobotanical --- Phytoarchaeology --- Remains, Archaeobotanical --- Remains, Plant (Archaeology) --- Remains, Vegetal (Archaeology) --- Vegetal remains (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Paleobotany --- Anthracology --- Plant genetics --- Archaeozoology --- Zooarchaeology --- Zoology in archaeology --- Bones --- Animal paleopathology --- Animal genetics --- Archeology --- Bioarchaeology --- genetics. --- Genetics. --- Methodology --- Evolution --- Genetics --- genetics --- Plantes cultivées --- Restes de plantes (Archéologie) --- Animaux domestiques --- Restes d'animaux (Archéologie) --- Génétique --- Adaptation, Biological - genetics. --- agriculture. --- andes. --- animal domestication. --- anthropology. --- archaeology. --- banana. --- camelids. --- cassava. --- cattle. --- chives. --- domestic pets. --- donkeys. --- farming. --- fertile crescent. --- foraging. --- goats. --- herbs. --- history. --- horses. --- human behavior. --- hunter gatherer. --- indigenous culture. --- indigenous people. --- maize. --- mesopotamia. --- molecular biology. --- natural world. --- nature. --- nonfiction. --- olives. --- pig. --- plant domestication. --- science. --- sheep. --- social development. --- social history. --- squash. --- starch grain. --- tropical america. --- tubers.