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The work at hand explores the successive chronometrisation of public space using the example of Vienna's public clocks from the middle of the 19th century until today...On the one hand it deals with the “exterior chronometrisation“, that is the visible aggregation of the infrastructure of time and the construction of different kinds of clocks... On the other hand it deals with the “interior chronometrisation“ which means social, psychological and cultural aspects of the perception of time and their contextualisation in phenomena of scaling and standardisation on a local basis to a world scale. The actual trend of visualising public time to the split second marks the (temporary) end of the development which shows the speedup of all areas of life in a visible and sensible way.

Tower clocks --- Clocks and watches --- Time perception --- History. --- Austria --- Public clocks --- Synchronisation of time --- Urban history --- Perception of time --- History of Vienna --- European history --- Öffentliche Uhren --- Synchronisation --- Zeitwahrnehmung --- Stadtgeschichte --- Geschichte von Wien --- Europäische Geschichte --- Wiener Würfeluhr --- Zifferblatt

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As advances in technology and circuit design boost operating frequencies of microprocessors, DSPs and other fast chips, new design challenges continue to emerge. One of the major performance limitations in today's chip designs is clock skew, the uncertainty in arrival times between a pair of clocks. Increasing clock frequencies are forcing many engineers to rethink their timing budgets and to use skew-tolerant circuit techniques for both domino and static circuits. While senior designers have long developed their own techniques for reducing the sequencing overhead of domino circuits, th

Timing circuits --- Integrated circuits --- Synchronization. --- Minuteries --- Circuits intégrés à très grande échelle --- Synchronisation --- Design and construction. --- Very large scale integration --- Design and construction --- Conception et construction --- Synchronization --- Circuits d'horloge --- Circuits intégrés à très grande échelle --- Synchronisation. --- Conception et construction. --- Synchronism --- Time measurements --- Electronic circuits

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Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms with the ability to sequester and convert atmospheric carbon dioxide into high-value bioactives, and are therefore seen as a renewable and sustainable bioresource in the fields of biofuels, aquaculture and animal feeds, bioremediation of waste, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals and agriculture. Moreover, algae can adjust their metabolism according to surrounding growth conditions, and this metabolic flexibility can be exploited in industrial biotechnology with genetic and metabolic engineering, when compared to other photosynthetic organisms. The metabolome is the result of the combined effects of genetic and environmental influences on metabolic processes. Metabolomic studies can provide a global view of metabolism and thereby improve our understanding of the underlying biology. Advances in metabolomic technologies have shown utility for elucidating the mechanisms which underlie fundamental biological processes, including disease pathology. This book represents research papers based around metabolomics, to improve knowledge on the metabolome and metabolism in algae, with a focus on carbon and nitrogen resource allocation. It also describes many bioanalytical techniques and emphasizes their usefulness in microalgal biotechnology. Other aspects from an ecological, biotechnological and waste-water remediation perspective are also covered.

microalgae --- cell disruption --- ultraviolet light --- biodiesel --- Chlamydomonas reinhardtii --- Dunaliella salina --- Micractinium inermum --- metabolomics --- quenching --- gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) --- Arthrospira platensis C1 --- bioethanol --- cyanobacteria --- genome-scale metabolic model --- glycogen --- polar lipids --- Chlorella sp. --- LC-MS --- nutrient limitation --- genetic transformation --- carotenoid --- CRTI --- phytoene desaturase --- C. fritschii --- UV-B --- PAR --- time-series --- intracellular --- extracellular --- metabolites --- GC–MS --- algae --- copper --- FT-IR --- metabolite fingerprinting --- pathway analysis --- TEM --- synchronisation --- bioassay --- biomarker --- key event --- adverse outcome pathway --- Euglena --- central metabolic pathway --- subcellular location --- chromatic adaptation --- LED --- far-red light --- growth --- photosynthesis --- mass cultivation --- pigments --- Chlorogloeopsis