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#KVHB:Jeugdbescherming --- Sociology of law --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- Netherlands

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This special issue of Studies in Law, Politics, and Society aims to foster a dialogue that is inclusive, constructive, and innovative in order to lay the basis for evaluating the usefulness and impact of cultural expertise in modern litigation. It investigates the scope of cultural expertise as a new socio-legal concept that broadly concerns the use of social sciences in connection with rights and the solution of conflicts. While the definition of cultural expertise is new, the conflicts it applies to are not, and these range from criminal law to civil law, including international human rights. In this special issue, socio-legal scientists with interdisciplinary backgrounds scrutinize the applicability of the notion of cultural expertise in Europe and the rest of the World. Cases include murder, female genital mutilation, earthquake claims, Islamic law, underage marriages, child custody, adoption, land rights, and asylum. The authors debate on a variety of themes, such as legal pluralism, ethnicity, causal determinism, reification of culture, and the “culturalization” of defendants. The volume concludes with an overview of the ethical implications of the definition of cultural expertise and suggestions for a way forward.

Sociology of law --- Culture and law. --- Law, Criminal Law --- Law & society. --- Law and culture --- Law --- General.

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Die Suche nach den gesellschaftlichen Ursachen für Kriminalität hat in der Soziologie bereits eine lange Tradition. Sie beschäftigte nicht nur die soziologischen 'Klassiker', sondern inspirierte auch eine Reihe von späteren soziologischen Arbeiten. Im 20. Jahrhundert war es vor allem die US-amerikanische Soziologie, die Kriminalität und kriminelle Handlungen thematisierte. Die aus verschiedenen theoretischen Perspektiven hervorgegangenen Untersuchungen führten zur Koexistenz einer Vielzahl von Erklärungsansätzen, die man in den vergangenen Jahren mit neuen integrativen Ansätzen zu verbinden versucht. Der Band zeichnet die Entstehung und Entwicklung der Kriminalsoziologie nach und liefert darüber hinaus eine umfassende Bestandsaufnahme der aktuellen soziologischen Zugänge zur Kriminalität.

Crime & criminology --- Law & society --- Introduction. --- Law. --- Society. --- Sociology of Law. --- Sociology. --- Kriminalsoziologie; Kriminologie; Kriminalität; Gesellschaft; Recht; Rechtssoziologie; Soziologie; Einführung; Sociology of Crime; Society; Law; Sociology of Law; Sociology; Introduction

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This book presents a timely review of the relations between the formal and customary justice systems in Ethiopia, and offers recommendations for legal reform. The book provides cases studies from all the Region of Ethiopia based on field research on the working of customary dispute resolution (CDR) institutions, their mandates, compositions, procedures and processes. The cases studies also document considerable unofficial linkages with the state judicial system, and consider the advantages as well as the limitations of customary institutions with respect to national and international law. The editor's introduction reviews the history of state law and its relations with customary law, summarises the main findings by region as well as as on inter-ethnic issues, and draws conclusions about social and legal structures, principles of organization, cultural concepts and areas, and judicial processes. The introduction also addresses the questions of inclusion and exclusion on the basis of gerontocratic power, gender, age and marginalised status, and the gradual as well as remarkable recent transformations of CDR institutions. The editor's conclusion reviews the characteristics, advantages and limitations of CDR institutions. A strong case is made for greater recognition of customary systems and better alliance with state justice, while safeguarding individual and minority rights. The editors suggest that the current context of greater decentralization opens up opportunities for practical collaboration between the systems by promoting legal pluralism and reform, thereby enhancing local level justice delivery. The editors conclude by proposing a range of options for more meaningful partnership for consideration by policy makers, the legal profession and other stakeholders. In memory of Aberra Jembere and Dinsa Lepisa. Cover: Elders at peace ceremony in Arbore, 1993.

Law --- Sociology & Anthropology --- justice --- droit --- minorités --- sociologie --- sociologie du droit --- law --- minorities --- sociology --- sociology of law

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Inwiefern fordern Asylsuchende (Menschen-)Rechte ein? Können in einem allumfassend rechtlich regulierten und von Unsicherheit geprägten Alltag überhaupt Ansprüche gestellt werden? Lässt die Asylpraxis Platz für Subjektpositionen abseits von Opferschaft? Über eine alltagssoziologische Annäherung an das Recht und ein Verständnis von Asylsuchenden als handelnde Subjekte zeichnet Andrea Fritsche Bedeutungen von Recht und Rechten in der österreichischen Asylwirklichkeit nach. Damit eröffnet sie ein Verständnis für mögliche Folgen einer rechtlichen, politischen und gesellschaftlichen Praxis, die die Gewährleistung von Rechten an Dankbarkeit, Leistung und Anpassung koppelt.

SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / General. --- Austria. --- Fleeing. --- Human Rights. --- Law. --- Migration. --- Performance. --- Society. --- Sociology of Law. --- Sociology. --- Subject.