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Currently, nano/microparticles are widely used in various fields. Silver particles are one of the most vital of the various particles, due to their unique optical–physical–chemical properties. The developed materials have been proposed for use in various fields such as in biosensors, diagnostics, imaging, catalysts, solar cells, and as antibacterials. Their unique, size-dependent plasmonic properties render the particles superior in biomedical applications. This importance of silver materials led to the first edition of Silver Nano/Microparticles: Modification and Applications, which was successfully published last year with ten outstanding papers. This second edition of the Special Issue also provides original contributions detailing the synthesis, modification, and applications of silver materials. Eleven outstanding papers which describe examples of the most recent advances in silver nano/microparticles are included.
antiviral property --- healthcare workers (HCWs) --- medical application --- microbicidal property --- silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) --- cytotoxicity --- silver nanoparticles --- Candida albicans --- poly(methyl methacrylate) --- dental prostheses --- ultrasensitive detection --- thiram --- internal standard --- gold–silver-alloy-embedded silica nanoparticles --- bamboo --- Ag/TiO2 nanocomposites --- self-sacrificing reduction --- antifungal activity --- cyclophanes --- resorcin[4]arenes --- calix[n]arenes --- thiacalix[n]arenes --- pillar[n]arenes --- self-assembly --- silver nanostructures --- silver islands film --- silver deposition --- metal enhanced luminescence --- silver nanowires --- nanomaterials --- biocompatibility --- AgNP --- peptide array --- biomineralization --- green synthesis --- SIF --- photosynthetic complexes --- biohybrid structures --- MEF --- healthcare workers --- hydroxyl radical --- microbicidal activity --- silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) --- ultraviolet (UV) irradiation --- histamine --- fish --- gold-silver alloy-embedded silica nanoparticles --- surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) --- reliable and sensitive detection --- n/a --- gold-silver-alloy-embedded silica nanoparticles
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Very recently, a great deal of attention has been paid by researchers and technologists to trying to eliminate metal materials in the design of products and processes in favor of plastics and composites. After a few years, it is possible to state that metal materials are even more present in our lives and this is especially thanks to their ability to evolve. This Special Issue is focused on the recent evolution of metals and alloys with the scope of presenting the state of the art of solutions where metallic materials have become established, without a doubt, as a successful design solution thanks to their unique properties.
material properties prediction --- experimental data analysis --- ductile/spheroidal cast iron (SGI) --- compact graphite cast iron (CGI) --- Machine Learning (RF) --- pattern recognition --- Random Forest (RF) --- Artificial Neural Network (NN) --- k-nearest neighbours (kNN) --- tribology --- wear --- slurry erosion --- coating --- cermet --- spheroidal graphite cast iron --- pack aluminizing --- microstructure --- high-temperature oxidation resistance --- hybrid composite --- wear performance --- ZA27 alloy --- deflection --- plates --- stiffeners --- numerical simulation --- Constructal Design --- austenitic stainless steel --- tensile properties --- artificial neural network --- MIV analysis --- pallet rack --- moment-rotation curve --- connection --- experiment --- numerical analysis --- thermomechanical processing --- grain growth --- forging --- retained austenite --- bainitic microstructure --- extended finite element method (xFEM) --- polarization curve --- long-term operated metals --- hybrid materials --- fatigue crack growth --- stress intensity factors (SIF) --- linear regression --- micromagnetic testing --- hardness --- case hardening depth --- phase-field modeling --- modified damage model --- large-strain plasticity --- S355J2+N steel --- ductile fracture --- two-stage yield function --- copper coatings --- pulsating current (PC) --- composite hardness models --- creep resistance --- n/a
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This book focuses on the fundamental and applied research of the non-destructive estimation and diagnosis of crop leaf and plant nitrogen status and in-season nitrogen management strategies based on leaf sensors, proximal canopy sensors, unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing, manned aerial remote sensing and satellite remote sensing technologies. Statistical and machine learning methods are used to predict plant-nitrogen-related parameters with sensor data or sensor data together with soil, landscape, weather and/or management information. Different sensing technologies or different modelling approaches are compared and evaluated. Strategies are developed to use crop sensing data for in-season nitrogen recommendations to improve nitrogen use efficiency and protect the environment.
Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- UAS --- multiple sensors --- vegetation index --- leaf nitrogen accumulation --- plant nitrogen accumulation --- pasture quality --- airborne hyperspectral imaging --- random forest regression --- sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) --- SIF yield indices --- upward --- downward --- leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC) --- wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) --- laser-induced fluorescence --- leaf nitrogen concentration --- back-propagation neural network --- principal component analysis --- fluorescence characteristics --- canopy nitrogen density --- radiative transfer model --- hyperspectral --- winter wheat --- flooded rice --- pig slurry --- aerial remote sensing --- vegetation indices --- N recommendation approach --- Mediterranean conditions --- nitrogen --- vertical distribution --- plant geometry --- remote sensing --- maize --- UAV --- multispectral imagery --- LNC --- non-parametric regression --- red-edge --- NDRE --- dynamic change model --- sigmoid curve --- grain yield prediction --- leaf chlorophyll content --- red-edge reflectance --- spectral index --- precision N fertilization --- chlorophyll meter --- NDVI --- NNI --- canopy reflectance sensing --- N mineralization --- farmyard manures --- Triticum aestivum --- discrete wavelet transform --- partial least squares --- hyper-spectra --- rice --- nitrogen management --- reflectance index --- multiple variable linear regression --- Lasso model --- Multiplex®3 sensor --- nitrogen balance index --- nitrogen nutrition index --- nitrogen status diagnosis --- precision nitrogen management --- terrestrial laser scanning --- spectrometer --- plant height --- biomass --- nitrogen concentration --- precision agriculture --- unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) --- digital camera --- leaf chlorophyll concentration --- portable chlorophyll meter --- crop --- PROSPECT-D --- sensitivity analysis --- UAV multispectral imagery --- spectral vegetation indices --- machine learning --- plant nutrition --- canopy spectrum --- non-destructive nitrogen status diagnosis --- drone --- multispectral camera --- SPAD --- smartphone photography --- fixed-wing UAV remote sensing --- random forest --- canopy reflectance --- crop N status --- Capsicum annuum --- proximal optical sensors --- Dualex sensor --- leaf position --- proximal sensing --- cross-validation --- feature selection --- hyperparameter tuning --- image processing --- image segmentation --- nitrogen fertilizer recommendation --- supervised regression --- RapidSCAN sensor --- nitrogen recommendation algorithm --- in-season nitrogen management --- nitrogen use efficiency --- yield potential --- yield responsiveness --- standard normal variate (SNV) --- continuous wavelet transform (CWT) --- wavelet features optimization --- competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) --- partial least square (PLS) --- grapevine --- hyperparameter optimization --- multispectral imaging --- precision viticulture --- RGB --- multispectral --- coverage adjusted spectral index --- vegetation coverage --- random frog algorithm --- active canopy sensing --- integrated sensing system --- discrete NIR spectral band data --- soil total nitrogen concentration --- moisture absorption correction index --- particle size correction index --- coupled elimination
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This Special Issue introduces recent research results on MEMS packaging and 3D integration whose subjects can be divided as follow; three papers on biocompatible implantable packaging, three papers on interconnect, three papers on bonding technologies, one paper on vacuum packaging, and three papers on modeling and simulation.
heterogeneous integration --- wafer bonding --- wafer sealing --- room-temperature bonding --- Au-Au bonding --- surface activated bonding --- Au film thickness --- surface roughness --- microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) packaging --- inkjet printing --- redistribution layers --- capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers (CMUT) --- fan-out wafer-level packaging (FOWLP) --- adhesion --- thin film metal --- parylene --- neural probe --- scotch tape test --- FEM --- MEMS resonator --- temperature coefficient --- thermal stress --- millimeter-wave --- redundant TSV --- equivalent circuit model --- S-parameters extraction --- technology evaluation --- MEMS and IC integration --- MCDM --- fuzzy AHP --- fuzzy VIKOR --- fan-out wafer-level package --- finite element --- glass substrate --- reliability life --- packaging-on-packaging --- thermal sensors --- TMOS sensor --- finite difference time domain --- optical and electromagnetics simulations --- finite element analysis --- ultrasonic bonding --- metal direct bonding --- microsystem integration --- biocompatible packaging --- implantable --- reliability --- Finite element method (FEM) --- simulation --- multilayer reactive bonding --- integrated nanostructure-multilayer reactive system --- spontaneous self-ignition --- self-propagating exothermic reaction --- Pd/Al reactive multilayer system --- Ni/Al reactive multilayer system --- low-temperature MEMS packaging --- crack propagation --- microbump --- deflection angle --- stress intensity factor (SIF) --- polymer packaging --- neural interface --- chronic implantation --- n/a
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The eighteenth century brought a period of tumultuous change to the Ottoman Empire. While the Empire sought modernization through military and administrative reform, it also lost much of its influence on the European stage through war and revolt. In this book, Ethan L. Menchinger sheds light on intellectual life, politics, and reform in the Empire through the study of one of its leading intellectuals and statesmen, Ahmed Vâsıf. Vâsıf's life reveals new aspects of Ottoman letters - heated debates over moral renewal, war and peace, justice, and free will - but it also forces the reappraisal of Ottoman political reform, showing a vital response that was deeply enmeshed in Islamic philosophy, ethics, and statecraft. Tracing Vâsıf's role through the turn of the nineteenth century, this book opens the debate on modernity and intellectualism for those students and researchers studying the Ottoman Empire, intellectual history, the Enlightenment, and Napoleonic Europe.
Historians --- Historiographers --- Scholars --- Ahmed Vâsıf Efendi, --- Ahmet Vasıf Efendi, --- Ahmet Vasıf, --- Vasıf, Ahmed, --- Vasıf Ahmed, --- Vasıf Ahmed Efendi, --- Vâsıf Efendi, --- Vasıf Efendi, Ahmet, --- Wāṣif, Aḥmad, --- احمد واصف افندى --- Turkey --- Anatolia --- Anatolie --- Ānātūlī --- Asia Minor --- Asia Minore --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Turk Uls --- Buturuki --- Cộng hoà Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Dēmokratia tēs Tourkias --- Devlet-i Aliye Osmaniye --- Durka --- Durkka dásseváldi --- Gweriniaeth Twrci --- Jamhuri ya Uturuki --- Jamhuuriyada Turki --- Jumhūrīyah al-Turkīyah --- Komara Tirkiyeyê --- Lýðveldið Turkaland --- Lýðveldið Tyrkland --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Túrkì --- Osmanlı İmparatorluğu --- Osmanskai︠a︡ Imperii︠a︡ --- Ottoman Empire --- Pobblaght ny Turkee --- Poblacht na Tuirce --- Repóbblica d'l Turchî --- Repubbleche de Turchie --- Repubblica di Turchia --- Republic of Turkey --- Republic of Türkiye --- República da Turquia --- Republica de Turchia --- Republica de Turquía --- Republica Turcia --- Republiek Turkeye --- Republiek Turkije --- Republiek van Turkye --- Republik bu Tirki --- Republik Tierkei --- Republik Turkäi --- Republik Türkei --- Républik Turki --- Republik Turkia --- Republika e Turqisë --- Republika ng Turkiya --- Repùblika Tërecczi --- Republika Turcija --- Republika Turcji --- Republika Turcyje --- Republika Turecko --- Republika Turkiya --- Republika Turkojska --- Republika Turska --- Republika Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Republiḳah ha-Ṭurḳiyah --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republikken Tyrkia --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- République de Turquie --- République turque --- Repuvlika de Turkiya --- Ripablik kya Buturuki --- Ripoliku Turkiyakondre --- T.C. (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) --- Tagduda n Tturk --- TC --- Teki --- Tëreckô --- Ṭerḳay --- Ṭerḳishe Republiḳ --- Thekhi --- Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Thú-ngí-khì --- Tiakei --- Tierkei --- Tiki --- Tirki --- Tırkiya --- Tirkiye --- Ti︠u︡rk --- Ti︠u︡rk Respublika --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ Respublika --- Tlacatlahtocayotl Turquia --- Tʻŏkʻi --- T'ŏk'i Konghwaguk --- Tʼóok Bikéyah --- Torkėjė --- Tȯrkiă --- Törkie --- Törkieë --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ Jȯmḣu̇rii︠a︡te --- Török Köztársaság --- Törökország --- Toruko --- Toruko Kyōwakoku --- Tourkia --- Tourkikē Dēmokratia --- Tturk --- Tu er qi gong he guo --- Tū-ī-gì --- Tū-ī-gì Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók --- Tu'erqi --- Tu'erqi gong he guo --- Tu'erqi Gongheguo --- Tuirc --- Tunkī --- Turchî --- Turchia --- Turchie --- Turchy Respublikæ --- Turcia --- Turcija --- Turcijas Republika --- Turcja --- Turcland --- Turcyjo --- Turechchyna --- Turecká republika --- Turecko --- Tureke --- Turet︠s︡ka Respublika --- Turėtskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Tureuki --- Türgi --- Türgi Vabariik --- Türgü --- Türgü Vabariik --- Turk --- Turkäi --- Turkaland --- Turkamastor --- Türkän --- Turkanʹ respubliksʹ --- Turkee --- Türkei --- Turkeya --- Turkeye --- Turki --- Turkia --- Turkia Respubliko --- Turkieë --- Turkiet --- Turkii --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ Respublikasy --- Tu̇rkiĭė --- Tu̇rkiĭė Respublikata --- Turkija --- Turkije --- Turkin tasavalta --- Turkio --- Turkiyā --- Turkiya Republika --- Türkiyä Respublikası --- Turkiyah --- Turkiyakondre --- Türkiye --- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti --- Türkiýe Respublikasy --- Turkki --- Turkojska --- Turkowska --- Turkujo --- Turkya --- Turkyah --- Turkye --- Turqia --- Turquía --- Turquie (Repupblic) --- Turska --- Turtchie --- Turt︠s︡i --- Turt︠s︡i Respubliki --- Turt︠s︡iĭ --- Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turtsyi︠a︡ --- Turukiya --- Tuykia --- Twrci --- Tyrkia --- Tyrkiet --- Tyrkland --- Tẏrt︠s︡i --- Uturuki --- Vysokai︠a︡ Porta --- Whenua Korukoru --- Τουρκική Δημοκρατία --- Τουρκία --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Република Турска --- Република Турция --- Република Турција --- Турска --- Турцыя --- Турци --- Турци Республики --- Турция --- Турција --- Турций --- Турція --- Турчы Республикæ --- Турэцкая Рэспубліка --- Турк --- Туркань республиксь --- Туркамастор --- Турецька Республіка --- Турецка Республіка --- Турецкая Республика --- Туреччина --- Тюрк --- Тюрк Республика --- Тюркия --- Тюркия Республика --- רפובליקה הטורקית --- תורכיה --- טערקישע רעפובליק --- טערקיי --- טורקיה --- تركيا --- جمهورية التركية --- トルコ --- トルコ共和国 --- 土耳其 --- 土耳其共和國 --- 터키 --- 터키 공화국 --- History
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Quantitative land remote sensing has recently advanced dramatically, particularly in China. It has been largely driven by vast governmental investment, the availability of a huge amount of Chinese satellite data, geospatial information requirements for addressing pressing environmental issues and other societal benefits. Many individuals have also fostered and made great contributions to its development, and Prof. Xiaowen Li was one of these leading figures. This book is published in memory of Prof. Li. The papers collected in this book cover topics from surface reflectance simulation, inversion algorithm and estimation of variables, to applications in optical, thermal, Lidar and microwave remote sensing. The wide range of variables include directional reflectance, chlorophyll fluorescence, aerosol optical depth, incident solar radiation, albedo, surface temperature, upward longwave radiation, leaf area index, fractional vegetation cover, forest biomass, precipitation, evapotranspiration, freeze/thaw snow cover, vegetation productivity, phenology and biodiversity indicators. They clearly reflect the current level of research in this area. This book constitutes an excellent reference suitable for upper-level undergraduate students, graduate students and professionals in remote sensing.
gross primary production (GPP) --- interference filter --- Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) --- cost-efficient --- precipitation --- topographic effects --- land surface temperature --- Land surface emissivity --- scale effects --- spatial-temporal variations --- statistics methods --- inter-annual variation --- spatial representativeness --- FY-3C/MERSI --- sunphotometer --- PROSPECT --- passive microwave --- flux measurements --- urban scale --- vegetation dust-retention --- multiple ecological factors --- leaf age --- standard error of the mean --- LUT method --- spectra --- SURFRAD --- Land surface temperature --- aboveground biomass --- uncertainty --- land surface variables --- copper --- Northeast China --- forest disturbance --- end of growing season (EOS) --- random forest model --- probability density function --- downward shortwave radiation --- machine learning --- MODIS products --- composite slope --- daily average value --- canopy reflectance --- spatiotemporal representative --- light use efficiency --- hybrid method --- disturbance index --- quantitative remote sensing inversion --- SCOPE --- GPP --- South China’s --- anisotropic reflectance --- vertical structure --- snow cover --- land cover change --- start of growing season (SOS) --- MS–PT algorithm --- aerosol --- pixel unmixing --- HiWATER --- algorithmic assessment --- surface radiation budget --- latitudinal pattern --- ICESat GLAS --- vegetation phenology --- SIF --- metric comparison --- Antarctica --- spatial heterogeneity --- comprehensive field experiment --- reflectance model --- sinusoidal method --- NDVI --- BRDF --- cloud fraction --- NPP --- VPM --- China --- dense forest --- vegetation remote sensing --- Cunninghamia --- high resolution --- geometric-optical model --- phenology --- LiDAR --- ZY-3 MUX --- point cloud --- multi-scale validation --- Fraunhofer Line Discrimination (FLD) --- rice --- fractional vegetation cover (FVC) --- interpolation --- high-resolution freeze/thaw --- drought --- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) --- controlling factors --- sampling design --- downscaling --- n/a --- Chinese fir --- MRT-based model --- RADARSAT-2 --- northern China --- leaf area density --- potential evapotranspiration --- black-sky albedo (BSA) --- decision tree --- CMA --- fluorescence quantum efficiency in dark-adapted conditions (FQE) --- surface solar irradiance --- validation --- geographical detector model --- vertical vegetation stratification --- spatiotemporal distribution and variation --- gap fraction --- phenological parameters --- spatio-temporal --- albedometer --- variability --- GLASS --- gross primary productivity (GPP) --- EVI2 --- machine learning algorithms --- latent heat --- GLASS LAI time series --- boreal forest --- leaf --- maize --- heterogeneity --- temperature profiles --- crop-growing regions --- satellite observations --- rugged terrain --- species richness --- voxel --- LAI --- TMI data --- GF-1 WFV --- spectral --- HJ-1 CCD --- leaf area index --- evapotranspiration --- land-surface temperature products (LSTs) --- SPI --- AVHRR --- Tibetan Plateau --- snow-free albedo --- PROSPECT-5B+SAILH (PROSAIL) model --- MCD43A3 C6 --- 3D reconstruction --- photoelectric detector --- multi-data set --- BEPS --- aerosol retrieval --- plant functional type --- multisource data fusion --- remote sensing --- leaf spectral properties --- solo slope --- land surface albedo --- longwave upwelling radiation (LWUP) --- terrestrial LiDAR --- AMSR2 --- geometric optical radiative transfer (GORT) model --- MuSyQ-GPP algorithm --- tree canopy --- FY-3C/MWRI --- meteorological factors --- solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence --- metric integration --- observations --- polar orbiting satellite --- arid/semiarid --- homogeneous and pure pixel filter --- thermal radiation directionality --- biodiversity --- gradient boosting regression tree --- forest canopy height --- Landsat --- subpixel information --- MODIS --- humidity profiles --- NIR --- geostationary satellite --- South China's --- MS-PT algorithm
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Quantitative land remote sensing has recently advanced dramatically, particularly in China. It has been largely driven by vast governmental investment, the availability of a huge amount of Chinese satellite data, geospatial information requirements for addressing pressing environmental issues and other societal benefits. Many individuals have also fostered and made great contributions to its development, and Prof. Xiaowen Li was one of these leading figures. This book is published in memory of Prof. Li. The papers collected in this book cover topics from surface reflectance simulation, inversion algorithm and estimation of variables, to applications in optical, thermal, Lidar and microwave remote sensing. The wide range of variables include directional reflectance, chlorophyll fluorescence, aerosol optical depth, incident solar radiation, albedo, surface temperature, upward longwave radiation, leaf area index, fractional vegetation cover, forest biomass, precipitation, evapotranspiration, freeze/thaw snow cover, vegetation productivity, phenology and biodiversity indicators. They clearly reflect the current level of research in this area. This book constitutes an excellent reference suitable for upper-level undergraduate students, graduate students and professionals in remote sensing.
gross primary production (GPP) --- interference filter --- Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) --- cost-efficient --- precipitation --- topographic effects --- land surface temperature --- Land surface emissivity --- scale effects --- spatial-temporal variations --- statistics methods --- inter-annual variation --- spatial representativeness --- FY-3C/MERSI --- sunphotometer --- PROSPECT --- passive microwave --- flux measurements --- urban scale --- vegetation dust-retention --- multiple ecological factors --- leaf age --- standard error of the mean --- LUT method --- spectra --- SURFRAD --- Land surface temperature --- aboveground biomass --- uncertainty --- land surface variables --- copper --- Northeast China --- forest disturbance --- end of growing season (EOS) --- random forest model --- probability density function --- downward shortwave radiation --- machine learning --- MODIS products --- composite slope --- daily average value --- canopy reflectance --- spatiotemporal representative --- light use efficiency --- hybrid method --- disturbance index --- quantitative remote sensing inversion --- SCOPE --- GPP --- South China’s --- anisotropic reflectance --- vertical structure --- snow cover --- land cover change --- start of growing season (SOS) --- MS–PT algorithm --- aerosol --- pixel unmixing --- HiWATER --- algorithmic assessment --- surface radiation budget --- latitudinal pattern --- ICESat GLAS --- vegetation phenology --- SIF --- metric comparison --- Antarctica --- spatial heterogeneity --- comprehensive field experiment --- reflectance model --- sinusoidal method --- NDVI --- BRDF --- cloud fraction --- NPP --- VPM --- China --- dense forest --- vegetation remote sensing --- Cunninghamia --- high resolution --- geometric-optical model --- phenology --- LiDAR --- ZY-3 MUX --- point cloud --- multi-scale validation --- Fraunhofer Line Discrimination (FLD) --- rice --- fractional vegetation cover (FVC) --- interpolation --- high-resolution freeze/thaw --- drought --- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) --- controlling factors --- sampling design --- downscaling --- n/a --- Chinese fir --- MRT-based model --- RADARSAT-2 --- northern China --- leaf area density --- potential evapotranspiration --- black-sky albedo (BSA) --- decision tree --- CMA --- fluorescence quantum efficiency in dark-adapted conditions (FQE) --- surface solar irradiance --- validation --- geographical detector model --- vertical vegetation stratification --- spatiotemporal distribution and variation --- gap fraction --- phenological parameters --- spatio-temporal --- albedometer --- variability --- GLASS --- gross primary productivity (GPP) --- EVI2 --- machine learning algorithms --- latent heat --- GLASS LAI time series --- boreal forest --- leaf --- maize --- heterogeneity --- temperature profiles --- crop-growing regions --- satellite observations --- rugged terrain --- species richness --- voxel --- LAI --- TMI data --- GF-1 WFV --- spectral --- HJ-1 CCD --- leaf area index --- evapotranspiration --- land-surface temperature products (LSTs) --- SPI --- AVHRR --- Tibetan Plateau --- snow-free albedo --- PROSPECT-5B+SAILH (PROSAIL) model --- MCD43A3 C6 --- 3D reconstruction --- photoelectric detector --- multi-data set --- BEPS --- aerosol retrieval --- plant functional type --- multisource data fusion --- remote sensing --- leaf spectral properties --- solo slope --- land surface albedo --- longwave upwelling radiation (LWUP) --- terrestrial LiDAR --- AMSR2 --- geometric optical radiative transfer (GORT) model --- MuSyQ-GPP algorithm --- tree canopy --- FY-3C/MWRI --- meteorological factors --- solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence --- metric integration --- observations --- polar orbiting satellite --- arid/semiarid --- homogeneous and pure pixel filter --- thermal radiation directionality --- biodiversity --- gradient boosting regression tree --- forest canopy height --- Landsat --- subpixel information --- MODIS --- humidity profiles --- NIR --- geostationary satellite --- South China's --- MS-PT algorithm
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The mechanics of fracture and fatigue have produced a huge body of research work in relation to applications to metal materials and structures. However, a variety of non-metallic materials (e.g., concrete and cementitious composites, rocks, glass, ceramics, bituminous mixtures, composites, polymers, rubber and soft matter, bones and biological materials, and advanced and multifunctional materials) have received relatively less attention, despite their attractiveness for a large spectrum of applications related to the components and structures of diverse engineering branches, applied sciences and architecture, and to the load-carrying systems of biological organisms. This book covers the broad topic of structural integrity of non-metallic materials, considering the modelling, assessment, and reliability of structural elements of any scale. Original contributions from engineers, mechanical materials scientists, computer scientists, physicists, chemists, and mathematicians are presented, applying both experimental and theoretical approaches.
Ethylene-propylene diene monomer rubber EPDM --- grommet --- physical properties --- optimization of shape design --- reliability of rocks --- fatigue load --- strain energy --- red sandstone --- distribution of strain energy --- indices --- multi-scale simulation --- fatigue loading --- road bridge decks --- stagnant water --- fracture toughness --- blast furnace slag --- particle size --- compressive strength --- concrete --- concrete cracking --- crack patterns --- carbon fiber-reinforced polymers—CFRP --- RC strengthening (in bending and shear) --- RC beams --- soft materials --- polymers --- strain rate --- defect tolerance --- digital image correlation --- stress concentrators --- notch blunting --- lightning strike --- composite reinforced panel --- blow-off impulse --- electric-thermal coupling --- boundary effect --- size effect --- tensile strength --- physical modelling test --- rock structure --- fracture --- deformation --- mining --- neutral axis --- self-healing --- successive strain gauge --- flexural test --- bridge decks --- pseudo-cracking method --- data assimilation --- triaxial compression test --- sandstone --- rock mechanics --- rock fracture --- energy evolution --- rock-like material --- crack propagation --- discrete element --- strain rate tensor --- velocity field --- jointed rock --- uniaxial tension loading --- numerical analysis --- discrete element method --- strata structural behavior --- numerical simulation --- tension weakening --- fractures --- goaf consolidation --- fatigue life --- modified asphalt mixture --- four-point bending beam fatigue test --- two-point trapezoidal beam fatigue test --- overlay tester --- embedment --- shale rock --- proppant pack --- fracture width --- fly ash --- fineness --- fracture energy --- critical stress intensity factor --- assessment --- bridge evaluation --- compressive membrane action --- concrete bridges --- fatigue --- fatigue assessment --- live loads --- prestressed concrete --- punching shear --- scale model --- CFRP --- Low Velocity Impacts --- Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) --- Finite Element Analysis (FEA) --- VUMAT --- inter-laminar damage --- intra-laminar damage --- chemical grouting --- flowing water --- water plugging rate --- joint roughness coefficient --- damage model --- mode-II microcracks --- thermodynamics --- reinforced concrete beam --- impact and quasi-static loading --- retrofitting --- mineral grain shape --- particle flow code --- uniaxial compression simulation --- rock mechanical property --- mesostructure --- finite element analysis --- cohesive zone model --- high performance concrete --- fibre-reinforced high performance concrete --- compressive stress --- compressive modulus of elasticity --- maximum compressive strain --- tension --- pressure-tension apparatus --- nondestructive testing --- ultrasonic pulse velocity --- ABAQUS FEA --- high-temperature wedge splitting test --- fracture parameters --- reducing condition --- carbon-containing refractories --- strain-softening --- failure probability --- diamond composite --- material failure characteristics --- reliability --- rock cutting picks --- civil engineering --- fiber-reinforced composite laminate --- multi-directional laminate --- delamination --- elastic interface --- energy release rate --- mixed-mode fracture --- enhanced PG-NEM --- functionally graded material (FGM) --- stress intensity factor (SIF) --- modified interaction integral --- metallic glasses --- shear bands --- mechanical properties --- fracture mechanism --- small wind turbine --- stall regulation --- pitch regulation --- aeroelastic simulation --- n/a --- Fatigue --- Fracture mechanics --- Structural integrity --- Polymers --- Composites --- Ceramics --- Concrete --- Rock --- Soft matter --- Advanced materials. --- carbon fiber-reinforced polymers-CFRP
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The UN is often questioned about its ongoing relevance and overall effectiveness, particularly in its involvement with educational policy and co-operation. This ground-breaking book examines the four key agencies within the UN system that share the
Education --- International cooperation. --- United Nations. --- Unesco. --- World Bank. --- UNICEF. --- United Nations Development Programme. --- United Nations development programme --- Dana Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Untuk Anak-Anak --- Detskiĭ fond OON --- Dyti︠a︡chyĭ fond Orhanizat︠s︡iï ob'i︠e︡dnanykh nat︠s︡iĭ --- Fond des Nations Unies pour l'enfance --- Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia --- Fondo de Naciones Unidas para la Infancia --- Fondo de Naciones Unidas para la Infancia y la Niñez --- Fondo Internacional de Socorro a la Infancia (Naciones Unidas) --- Fonds des nations pour l'enfance --- Fonds des Nations Unies pour l'enfance --- Fonds international de secours à l'enfance --- Fondul Națiunilor Unite pentru Copii --- Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância --- Giouniseph --- I.C.E.F. --- ICEF --- International Children's Emergency Fund --- I︠U︡NISEF --- Ḳeren ha-Um lemaʻan ha-yeled --- Lian he guo er tong ji jin hui --- Lien ho kuo erh tʻung chi chin hui --- Munaẓẓamat al-Umam al-Muttaḥidah lil-Aṭfāl --- Munaẓẓamat al-Umam al-Muttaḥidah lil-Ṭufūlah --- NU̇B-yn Khu̇u̇khdiĭn San --- ʻOngkān Thun samrap Dek hǣng Sahaprachāchāt --- ʻOngkān Yūnisēp --- Quỹ nhi đò̂ng của Liên Hợp Quó̂c --- Ṣandūq-i Kūdakān-i Sāzmān-i Milal-i Muttaḥid (YŪNĪSIF) --- Shirika la Kuhudumia Watoto la Umoja wa Mataifa --- Shirika la Umoja wa Mataifa la Kuhudumia Watoto --- U.N.I.C.E.F. --- United Nations Children's Fund --- United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund --- Yunisef --- Yūnīsif --- Yunitsef --- קרן האו״ם למען הילד (יוניצ״ף) --- يونيسف --- يونيسيف --- 联会国儿童基金会 --- 联合国儿童基金会 --- United Nations --- Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture --- ユネスコ --- 国際連合教育科学文化機関 --- Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la educación, la ciencia y la cultura --- United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization --- Verenigde Naties. Organisatie voor onderwijs, wetenschap en cultuur --- UNO --- Naciones Unidas --- Nations Unies --- ONU --- Organisation des Nations Unies --- Organizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ Obʺedinennykh Nat︠s︡iĭ --- OON --- Vereinigte Nationen --- Umot ha-meʼuḥadot --- Organizacja Narodów Zjednoczonych --- ONZ --- Forente nasjoner --- Forenede nationer --- FN --- Förenta nationerna --- Gaertʻianebuli erebi --- Organização das Nações Unidas --- PBB --- Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa --- Kokusai Rengō --- Kokuren --- ENSZ --- Egyesült Nemzetek Szövetsége --- Birleșmiș Milletler Teșkilâtı --- Birlăşmiş Millătăr Tăşkilatı --- Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti --- BMT --- YK --- Yhdistyneet kansakunnat --- OUN --- Organizacija Ujedinjenih Nacija --- UN --- NU --- Nazioni Unite --- OSN --- Organizace spojených národů --- Sāzmān-i Milal-i Muttafiq --- Bangsa² Bersatu --- Organización de las Naciones Unidas --- Ühinenud Rahvaste Organisatsioon --- ÜRO --- Organismos tōn Hēnōmenōn Ethnōn --- Umoja wa Mataifa --- Vereinten Nationen --- Vereinte Nationen --- Hayʼat al-Umam al-Muttaḥidah --- Verenigde Naties --- VN --- Organizația Națiunilor Unite --- Um --- Lien ho kuo --- OKB --- Organizata e Kombeve të Bashkuara --- Lian he guo --- U.N. --- Umam al-Muttaḥidah --- OĒE --- Hēnōmena Ethnē --- Organizácia Spojených Národov --- Sahaprachāchāt --- Națiunile Unite --- Organizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ na obedinenite nat︠s︡ii --- Organismos Hēnōmenōn Ethnōn --- Manẓūmat al-Umam al-Muttaḥidah --- AAN --- Arhanizatsyi︠a︡ Ab'i︠a︡dnanykh Natsyĭ --- Nações Unidas --- Orhanizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ Ob'i︠e︡dnanykh Nat︠s︡iĭ --- O.Ē.E. --- ʻOngkān Sahaprachāchāt --- Sjuninejal Konob'laq --- Sāzmān-i Milal-i Muttaḥid --- Milal-i Muttaḥid --- Nėgdsėn U̇ndėstniĭ Baĭguullaga --- NUB --- Rāshṭrasaṃgha --- או״מ --- أمم المتحدة --- الأمم المتحدة --- سازمان ملل متحد --- 国際連合 --- 联合囯 --- 聯合國 --- United Nations Organization --- Liên Hiệp Quó̂c --- Liên Hợp Quó̂c --- LHQ --- Kula Samagga --- YūʼAṅʻnʻ --- 联合国 --- Организация на обединените нации --- Организация Объединённых Наций --- Világbank --- Banque internationale pour la reconstruction et le développement --- Mezhdunarodnyĭ bank dli︠a︡ rekonstrukt︠s︡ii i razvitii︠a︡ --- MBRR --- Sekai Ginkō --- Kokusai Fukkō Kaihatsu Ginkō --- Kukche Puhŭng Kaebal Ŭnhaeng --- Segye Ŭnhaeng --- IBRD --- Welt Bank --- Weltbank --- Banque mondiale --- Internationale Bank für Wiederaufbau und Entwicklung --- Banco Internacional de Reconstrucción y Fomento --- Banco Mundial --- B.I.R.D. --- BIRD --- Banca Internațională pentru Reconstrucție și Dezvoltare --- Mirovoĭ Bank --- Svitovyĭ Bank --- Svitovyĭ bank rekonstrukt︠s︡iï i rozvytku --- Verdensbanken --- Międzynarodowy Bank Rozwoju i Odbudowy --- Bank al-Dawlī lil-Inshāʼ wa-al-Taʻmīr --- Bank al-Dawlī --- Världsbanken --- Banca ricostruzione e sviluppo --- Banca di ricostruzione e sviluppo --- BIRF --- I.B.R.D. --- B.I.R.F. --- Shih chieh yin hang --- Shi jie yin hang --- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development --- World Bank Group. World Bank --- Thanākhān Lōk --- Bank Światowy --- Viśva Baiṅka --- Lōka Băṅkuva --- Ngân hàng Thế giới --- Vsemirnyĭ Bank --- Bank Dunia --- Msopʻlio Bankis --- Banca Mondială --- BM --- Prapañca Byāṅku --- Banca mondiale --- Banca internazionale per la ricostruzione e lo sviluppo --- Dhanāgār Bibhab Lok --- البنك الدولي --- بنك الدولي --- 世界銀行 --- 世界银行 --- 国際復興開発銀行 --- Dėlkhiĭn Bank --- Дэлхийн Банк --- Hamashkharhayin Banki --- Svetska Banka --- Wereldbank --- Internationale bank voor herstel en ontwikkeling
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