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Radio telescopes as well as communication antennas operate under the influence of gravity, temperature and wind. Among those, temperature influences may degrade the performance of a radio telescope through transient changes of the focus, pointing, path length and sensitivity, often in an unpredictable way. Thermal Design and Thermal Behaviour of Radio Telescopes and their Enclosures reviews the design and construction principles of radio telescopes in view of thermal aspects and heat transfer with the variable thermal environment; it explains supporting thermal model calculations and the application and efficiency of thermal protection and temperature control; it presents many measurements illustrating the thermal behaviour of telescopes in the environment of their observatory sites. The book benefits scientists and radio/communication engineers, telescope designers and construction firms as well as telescope operators, observatory staff, but also the observing astronomer who is directly confronted with the thermal behaviour of a telescope.

Radio telescopes. --- Electronic apparatus and appliances --- Optical materials --- Temperature control. --- Effect of high temperatures on. --- Radio telescope --- Radiotelescopes --- Optics --- Materials --- Temperature control --- Telescopes --- Radar telescopes

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This volume gives an historical overview of the development of professional optical and radio observatories from 1945 to today. It covers the environment in which these facilities were developed by organisations in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, often led by larger-than-life individuals, as well as exploring the financial and political factors that both constrained and encouraged progress. As ever more expensive optical facilities were built, they exploited new technologies to significantly improve their performance: CCDs, active and adaptive optics, and spun honeycomb and segmented mirrors. The second half of this volume turns to the parallel history of radio astronomy facilities throughout the world, finishing with the ALMA observatory in Chile. This is the ground-based companion to the author's previous work on space astronomy, New Cosmic Horizons (2001). It is written for both technical and non-technical readers interested in the modern history of astronomy and its observational facilities.

Astronomical observatories. --- Radio astronomy observatories. --- Observatories. --- Telescopes. --- Radio telescopes. --- Astronomy --- History --- Radio telescope --- Radiotelescopes --- Telescopes --- Radar telescopes --- Astronomical telescopes --- Optical telescopes --- Telescope --- Astronomical instruments --- Optical instruments --- Astronomical observatories --- Observatories --- Buildings --- Research

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This volume is an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the engineering of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), a revolutionary instrument which will be the world’s largest radio telescope. Expected to be completed by 2020, the SKA will be a pre-eminent tool in probing the Early Universe and in enhancing greatly the discovery potential of radio astronomy in many other fields. This book, containing 36 refereed papers written by leaders in SKA engineering, has been compiled by the International SKA Project Office and is the only contemporary compendium available. It features papers dealing with pivotal technologies such as antennas, RF systems and data transport. As well, overviews of important SKA demonstrator instruments and key system design issues are included. Practising professionals, and students interested in next-generation telescopes, will find this book an invaluable reference.

Radio telescopes. --- Square Kilometer Array (Spacecraft) --- Radio telescope --- Radiotelescopes --- Telescopes --- Radar telescopes --- Astronomy. --- Engineering. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Engineering, general. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Astrophysics. --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Square Kilometer Array (Telescope)

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The evolution of Australian radio astronomy from 1945 to 1960 has been studied in detail by numerous historians of science in recent years. This Open Access book is the first to present an overview of this remarkable chapter in Australian science. The book begins in the post-war period, as the Radiophysics Laboratory in Sydney switched from secret wartime research on radar to peacetime applications of this new technology. Next follows the detection of radio waves from space and the ensuing transformation of this fledgling science into the dominant research program at the Radiophysics Lab. Drawing from this history, the book shows how by 1960 the Radiophysics Lab had become the largest and most successful radio astronomy group in the world. The final chapter presents an overview of Australian radio astronomy from 1960 to the present day, as Australia prepares to co-host the multi-national, multi-billion-dollar Square Kilometre Array. Nearly 300 high-quality images complement the text, drawn from a wide range of sources including the extensive collection held by the CSIRO Radio Astronomy Image Archive. The book will be an essential reference for readers interested in the scientific and cultural development of radio astronomy. This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.

History of science --- Astronomy, space & time --- History of radio astronomy --- CSIRO Radiophysics Laboratory --- John Bolton --- Taffy Bowen --- Chris Christiansen --- Discrete radio sources --- Field stations --- Hydrogen-line studies --- Frank Kerr --- Mills Cross --- Bernie Mills --- Parkes Radio Telescope --- Joe Pawsey --- Ruby Payne-Scott --- Radio source surveys --- Radioheliograph --- Sea interferometers --- Alex Shain --- Solar bursts and eclipses

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This open access book on the history of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory covers the scientific discoveries and technical innovations of late 20th century radio astronomy with particular attention to the people and institutions involved. The authors have made extensive use of the NRAO Archives, which contain an unparalleled collection of documents pertaining to the history of radio astronomy, including the institutional records of NRAO as well as the personal papers of many of the pioneers of U.S. radio astronomy. Technical details and extensive citations to original sources are given in notes for the more technical readers, but are not required for an understanding of the body of the book. This book is intended for an audience ranging from interested lay readers to professional researchers studying the scientific, technical, political, and cultural development of a new science, and how it changed the course of 20th century astronomy.

Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Physics. --- History. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics. --- History of Science. --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques --- History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics --- History of Science --- Philosophical Foundations of Physics and Astronomy --- Radio Astronomy in the USA --- NRAO --- Radio astronomers --- SETI --- Search for extraterrestrial intelligence --- Radio astronomy politics and culture --- Radio telescope construction --- open access --- Astronomy, space & time --- Astronomy