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This volume focusses on oxidative modifications of lipid molecules and the successive generation of singlet oxygen. The book also covers the secondary adductions of these reactive species with proteins and aminophospholipids. During lipid peroxidation, the initial event is the formation of lipid hydroperoxide, which is followed by an oxidation event that starts a chain-reaction. The formed lipid hydroperoxide gradually decomposes into harmful aldehydes, which are the advanced end-products of lipid peroxidation. The book consists of three sections:   Part I, entitled Lipid peroxidation and small molecule adducts focusses on the biochemical events that are involved in lipid peroxidation and to the formation of small molecules like singlet molecular oxygen. This part of the book also introduces the hexanoyl-lysine adduct. Part II, entitled Pathophysiological consequences covers a range of damaging physiological consequences of lipid peroxidation, ranging from atherosclerosis to neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, Part III, entitled Applications for diagnosis and development of functional food looks into potential diagnostic uses of lipid peroxidation, the possible beneficial effects that can be achieved and new assays in food safely that have been developed.

Lipids --- Lipids. --- Peroxidation. --- Lipides --- Lipins --- Lipoids --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Food --- Posttranslational modification. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Posttranslational Modification. --- Food Science. --- Biotechnology. --- Biomolecules --- Steroids --- Oncology. --- Post-translational modification . --- Food science. --- Science --- Co-translational modification --- Cotranslational modification --- Modification, Post-translational --- Post-translation protein modification --- Post-translational protein modification --- Posttranslation protein modification --- Posttranslational modification --- Posttranslational protein modification --- Genetic translation --- Proteins --- Tumors --- Synthesis --- Food—Biotechnology. --- Cancer research

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Signal transduction through leukocyte receptors involves a variety of signaling molecules including kinases, phosphatases, adaptor proteins, small GTPases GTP exchange factors, membrane phospholipids as well as others. These signal transducers, regulated by inter- and intra-molecular interactions, as well as by various post-translational modifications, lead to the activation of transcription factors that mediate cellular differentiation and growth, effector cell functions, and apoptotic cell death. Several investigators from various parts of the world convened at the 3rd Lymphocyte Signal Transduction Workshop in Crete, Greece from May 27 to June 1, 2005 to discuss their most recent findings in leukocyte signaling. This volume represents a collection of topics discussed during the conference.

Lymphocytes --- Leucocytes --- Cellular signal transduction --- Post-translational modification --- Co-translational modification --- Cotranslational modification --- Modification, Post-translational --- Post-translation protein modification --- Post-translational protein modification --- Posttranslation protein modification --- Posttranslational modification --- Posttranslational protein modification --- Genetic translation --- Proteins --- Synthesis --- Immunology. --- Microbiology. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Infectious diseases.

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This book offers a broad overview of the concepts and research findings in immunometabolism. The immune system is made up of numerous different cell types, pathways, and components that must be able to respond rapidly to a pathogen or cancer, but must also remain quiescent in the absence of challenges. Immune cells rely on metabolic pathways to adapt to changing environments and stimuli. Additionally, these cells can be modified in function or fate by fluctuations in available nutrients. The chapters in this book describe ways in which immune cells utilize and are regulated by metabolic pathways. Topics include how immune-cell metabolism shapes immune homeostasis, and how dysregulation of these pathways can lead to immune disorders. In different contexts, such as a tumor microenvironment, immune-cell function and identity may be modified not only by cytokines and checkpoint molecules, but also by nutrient availability and other metabolic stimuli. Transcriptional reprogramming confers many of the changes in immune cell metabolism that are seen when a T-cell, for example, undergoes activation or functional adaptation to different environments. Lastly, immune cells can destructively or protectively participate in human metabolic homeostasis or disorders. This book summarizes immune-metabolism from a variety of different perspectives, including the ways in which metabolic cues, pathways, and requirements of immune cells change in conditions of homeostasis and activation. The exploration of the significance of metabolic checkpoints and other cues, particularly in the context of cancer and immune disorders, may form the foundation for the development of therapeutics.

Immune system. --- Cancer. --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Immunology. --- Medical microbiology. --- Posttranslational modification. --- Biomedicine. --- Posttranslational Modification. --- Medical Microbiology. --- Cancer Research. --- Co-translational modification --- Cotranslational modification --- Modification, Post-translational --- Post-translation protein modification --- Post-translational protein modification --- Posttranslation protein modification --- Posttranslational modification --- Posttranslational protein modification --- Genetic translation --- Proteins --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Cancer research --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Synthesis --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Tumors --- Immunological system --- Anatomy --- Immunology --- Post-translational modification . --- Microbiology. --- Oncology. --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms

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This book's aim is to increase the awareness of a great variety of posttranslational modifications in the male and female reproductive system. Some of the most intriguing reproductive strategies, mechanisms, and pathways involving PTM are discussed, with an added angle of evolutionary conservation and diversity. The book also chapters on sperm-egg binding, as well as on histone modification in both the embryo and sperm. Chapters are also devoted to protein ubiquitination, the regulation of sperm function during fertilization in mammals and tubulin modifications in gametes and embryos. There are no other current books on posttranslational protein modifications as they relate to reproduction, making this contribution unique in the field. It is useful for both researchers and graduate students alike.

Post-translational modification. --- Reproduction --- Endocrine aspects. --- Hormonal aspects of reproduction --- Reproductive endocrinology --- Endocrinology --- Co-translational modification --- Cotranslational modification --- Modification, Post-translational --- Post-translation protein modification --- Post-translational protein modification --- Posttranslation protein modification --- Posttranslational modification --- Posttranslational protein modification --- Genetic translation --- Proteins --- Hormonal aspects --- Synthesis --- Reproductive Medicine. --- Endocrinology. --- Medicine. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Internal medicine --- Hormones --- Human reproduction --- Human reproductive health --- Human reproductive medicine --- Reproductive medicine --- Health --- Health aspects --- Health Workforce --- Reproductive medicine. --- Endocrinology . --- Molecular biology. --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology

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This book is devoted to recent advances in analysis of the molecular basis and dynamics of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins for a comprehensive understanding of their key roles in cell signaling networks and diverse biological processes, and their perturbation in a variety of life-threatening diseases such as cancer and inflammatory diseases. The book includes research regarding PTMs and methods of their investigation derived from interdisciplinary collaborations between leading scientists in the fields of molecular, medical, proteomic, structural, and mathematical biology. This book consists of four sections. The first part focuses on recent advances in procedures for analysis of PTMs and cell signaling. The second part is devoted to mathematical simulation of signal transduction pathways and of the formation of protein complexes in living cells. The third part deals with structural and functional analyses of proteins involved in the regulation of PTMs and cell signaling. The fourth part describes cutting-edge findings regarding critical signal transduction pathways and their dysregulation in human diseases. This book is aimed at both established scientists and students in various fields of biology including molecular, cellular, structural, proteomic, and mathematical biology. Readers can access cutting-edge research and methodologies in their own field as well as interdisciplinary research that impacts on their field. The book can function as a reference for pharmaceutical scientists, biomedical researchers, and clinicians for the development of molecular-targeted therapy of human diseases.

Oncology. --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Proteins --- Post-translational modification --- Research. --- Co-translational modification --- Cotranslational modification --- Modification, Post-translational --- Post-translation protein modification --- Post-translational protein modification --- Posttranslation protein modification --- Posttranslational modification --- Posttranslational protein modification --- Protein research --- Life sciences. --- Cancer research. --- Proteins. --- Cell biology. --- Life Sciences. --- Protein Science. --- Cell Biology. --- Cancer Research. --- Genetic translation --- Synthesis --- Biochemistry. --- Cytology. --- Tumors --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition --- Proteins . --- Cancer research --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics