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The scientific evidence contained in the three volumes of the 6th IPCC report (AR6), published between August 2021 and April 2022, are another reminder of the urgent need to respect the 2015 Paris Agreement. 195 countries agreed to the goal of limiting long-term global temperature increase to "well below 2°C" compared to pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C by massively reducing their emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases (GHGs). Water and climate questions are usually addressed from the perspective of adaptation to climate change. For urban water services the mitigation aspect has been less studied up till now. These considerations fit into the broader context of the interdependence of energy and water (Water-Energy Nexus). This report approaches the question from the angle of energy use in the water sector rather than the better-known water requirements for the energy sector. Reducing GHG emissions in urban water management requires reducing both fossil energy requirements and direct emissions of nitrous oxide and methane. Finally, it must be said that the need to reduce the GHG emissions of water and sanitation services goes with the growing demand for water. It should increase by 50% between now and 2030 worldwide due to the combined effects of population growth, economic development, and the shift in consumer patterns. This synthetic report aims to provide an overview of possible levers to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of water and sanitation services and provides an analysis of how adaptation measures can embrace this low-carbon approach.

Municipal water supply.

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"Urban Water Crisis and Management: Strategies for Sustainable Development, Sixth Edition presents solutions for the current challenges of urban water and management strategies. Through contributed chapters, a framework is laid out for a reduction of the use of groundwater (heavily overused as a solution) and the alternative options for the supply of water to cities, or for urban water. Sections discuss urban water, its problems and management approaches, address the root causes of the water crisis in urban areas, and cover the scientific and technical knowledge necessary to manage water resources. Significant gaps between developed and developing nations in the procedure of water management are also addressed, along with practical information regarding recycling and the reuse of wastewater which is useful as baseline data for the future."--

Municipal water supply --- Rates. --- Management.

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Municipal water supply. --- Water-supply.

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This book offers new research on urban policy innovations that promote the application of blue-green infrastructure in managing water resources sustainably. The author argues that urban water managers have traditionally relied on grey infrastructural solutions to mitigate risks with numerous economic and environmental consequences. Brears explores the role urban water managers have in implementing blue-green infrastructure to reduce ecological damage and mitigate risk. The case studies in this book illustrate how cities, of differing climates, lifestyles and income-levels, have implemented policy innovations that promote the application of blue-green infrastructure in managing water, wastewater and stormwater sustainably to reduce environmental degradation and enhance resilience to climate change. This new research on urban policy innovations that promote the application of blue-green infrastructure in managing water resources sustainably will be of interest to those working on water conservation and policy.

Cities and towns --- Municipal water supply --- Urban hydrology --- Government policy --- Environmental aspects

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The book describes the functions of water in Polish towns from the late Middle Ages to the beginning of the Early-Modern Era against a wide European background. It presents the issue of water supply in the context of the town as a complex social and economic organism, taking into account social relations, administration and power as well as living and working conditions. Describing water supply devices, the author reconstructs the ways in which the techniques were transferred to the Polish lands. She analyses municipal court books and documents concerning towns of various sizes in the Polish lands from the 14th to the 16th century, with particular emphasis on Kraków. In addition, she also considers archaeological and iconographical sources. Her findings provide a new insight into the alimentary and hygienic uses of water, its importance for production and crafts, and its use as a source of energy, transport and communication. This is the first broad comparative presentation of the subject in Polish and European literature. «Der Verfasserin ist es in höchst beachtlicher Weise gelungen, einen wichtigen Beitrag zur vergleichenden Stadtgeschichtsforschung vorzulegen.» (Ferdinand Opll, Wiener Geschichtsblätter 4/2016) «Die Verfasserin analysiert in vielfältiger Hinsicht die Bedeutung des Wassers für die Entwicklung von Städten und deren Gesellschaft. Sie erfasst die ökonomische, technische und soziale Dimension von Wasser und Wasserversorgung. Ob als Nahrungsmittel oder zur Reinigung und Hygiene, als Energieträger oder Produktionsmittel / Rohstoff, ob in der Funktion als Verkehrsweg, Gegenstand fiskalischer Überlegungen oder Objekt wissenschaftlicher Debatte, die Studie von Sowina bietet zahlreiche Ausgangspunkte.» (Raoul Zühlke, sehepunkte 17 (2017), Nr. 11 [15.11.2017]) Vollständige Rezension hier lesen «Thanks to its microscopic analysis and macroscopic perspective, Water, Towns, and People is highly recommended both to the Isis readership and to a more varied audience.» (Ana Duarte Rodrigues, ISIS Vol. 108, No. 4 2017)

Poland --- Europe --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- History --- E-books --- History of Eastern Europe --- anno 1200-1499 --- anno 1500-1599 --- Municipal water supply