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Improving psychological well-being and cognitive health is now listed as the priority on the healthy aging agenda. Depression and cognitive impairment are great challenges for the elderly population. There have been numerous studies on depression and cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the neural correlates of depression and cognitive impairment have not yet been elucidated. With the development of neuroscience and relevant technologies, studies on anatomical and functional neural networks, neurobiological mechanisms of mood and cognition in old age will provide more insight into the potential diagnosis, prevention and intervention in depression and cognitive impairment. For example, longitudinal neuroimaging studies depicting the trajectories of patterns of structural and functional brain networks of mild cognitive impairment may provide potential imaging markers for the onset of dementia. Population-based studies have addressed the potential interaction between mood and cognitive impairment in old age. However, there are few studies to explore the potential neural mechanism of the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment in old age. In all of this process the contribution of multiple biological events cannot be neglected, particularly the underlying influence of chronic diseases and concomitant polymedication as well as the geriatric conditions, like frailty, frequently present in this elderly population, which also compromise the cognitive function and mood determining depression and conducing to worse outcomes with more morbidity and mortality.

mood disorder --- mild cognitive impairment --- Alzheimer

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"It is estimated that as many as fifty percent of patients initially diagnosed with major Unipolar depression (UP, MDD) will subsequently incur a manic episode or discover a past subtle episode and will have had Bipolar depression rather than MDD. The average Bipolar individual suffers with episodic symptoms for ten years before receiving an accurate diagnosis. As many as 16 million individuals in the United States will have a Bipolar episode in their lives, diagnosed or not. With the recognition of these growing numbers of patients with a Bipolar Disorder, it is imperative that patients are diagnosed and treated earlier, accurately and efficiently. Untreated Bipolar usually gets worse. Bipolar aims to improve recognition, acceptance, and compliance. Dr. C. Raymond Lake applies two different approaches , comprehensive research and case studies, to the understanding of Bipolar Disorders, presenting basic, selected Bipolar data including history, diagnostic criteria, definitions of terms, and classifications, as well as management and treatment strategies to help the reader fully comprehend the disorder. In addition, case studies provide the reader with real-life examples to help increase recognition of various Bipolar presentations beyond the stark black-and-white diagnostic criteria of the DSM and ICD"--

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Manic-depressive illness --- Diagnosis. --- Bipolar depression --- Bipolar disorder --- Depression, Bipolar --- Depression, Manic --- Manic depression --- Manic-depressive psychoses --- Manic-depressive psychosis --- Melancholia --- Affective disorders --- Psychoses --- Depression, Mental --- Mania --- Affective psychoses, Bipolar --- Bipolar mood disorder --- Psychoses, Manic-depressive

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Manic-depressive illness. --- Bipolar depression --- Bipolar disorder --- Depression, Bipolar --- Depression, Manic --- Manic depression --- Manic-depressive psychoses --- Manic-depressive psychosis --- Melancholia --- Affective disorders --- Psychoses --- Depression, Mental --- Mania --- Affective psychoses, Bipolar --- Bipolar mood disorder --- Manic-depressive illness --- Psychoses, Manic-depressive --- Bipolar disorder.

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Bipolar disorder is one of the most common and disabling conditions affecting humankind. It is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, affecting millions of people. The illness is complex and dynamic, so that many individuals are misdiagnosed for years and clinicians struggle with identifying the most appropriate and successful treatment. Because it is complex and common, people suffering from bipolar disorder seek help from clinicians of all types - from psychiatrists, family doctors, gynecologists, and internists to psychologists, social workers and other therapists. For clini

Manic-depressive illness. --- Bipolar depression --- Bipolar disorder --- Depression, Bipolar --- Depression, Manic --- Manic depression --- Manic-depressive psychoses --- Manic-depressive psychosis --- Melancholia --- Affective disorders --- Psychoses --- Depression, Mental --- Mania --- Affective psychoses, Bipolar --- Bipolar mood disorder --- Manic-depressive illness --- Psychoses, Manic-depressive --- Bipolar disorder.