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Mussels --- Mytilidae. --- Marine mussels --- Sea mussels --- Mytiloida --- Bivalves --- Ecology. --- Life cycles. --- Control.

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This well-illustrated book highlights freshwater mussels' fabulous diversity, amazing array of often bizarre ecological adaptations and their dire conservation plight. Summarizing and synthesizing historical and contemporary information as well as original research and analysis, the book describes the diverse array of mussel life history strategies and builds a cohesive narrative culminating in the development of explicit frameworks to explain pervasive patterns in mussel ecology. The fascinating and colorful role of mussels in human society is also described in detail, including the little-known pearl button industry of the early 1900s and the wild and often violent shell harvest of the 1990s. The final chapter details humans' efforts to save these fascinating animals and gives a prognosis for the future of the North American fauna. The book provides the first comprehensive review of mussel ecology and conservation for scientists, natural resource professionals, students and natural history enthusiasts.

Freshwater mussels --- Clams, Freshwater --- Fresh-water mussels --- Freshwater clams --- Mussels, Fresh-water --- Naiades (Mollusks) --- Naiads (Mollusks) --- Unionacea --- Freshwater invertebrates --- Mussels --- Unionoida --- Conservation

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Pearly mussels (Unionoidea) live in lakes, rivers, and streams around the world. These bivalves play important roles in freshwater ecosystems and were once both culturally and economically valuable as sources of food, pearls, and mother-of-pearl. Today, however, hundreds of species of these mussels are extinct or endangered. David L. Strayer provides a critical synthesis of the factors that control the distribution and abundance of pearly mussels. Using empirical analyses and models, he assesses the effects of dispersal, habitat quality, availability of fish hosts, adequate food, predators, and parasites. He also addresses conservation issues that apply to other inhabitants of fresh waters around the globe and other pressing issues in contemporary ecology.

Freshwater mussels --- Clams, Freshwater --- Fresh-water mussels --- Freshwater clams --- Mussels, Fresh-water --- Naiades (Mollusks) --- Naiads (Mollusks) --- Unionacea --- Freshwater invertebrates --- Mussels --- Unionoida --- Ecology. --- bivalves. --- conservation issues. --- contemporary ecology. --- critical approach. --- cultural value. --- economic value. --- endangered species. --- extinct mussels. --- food mussels. --- freshwater ecology. --- freshwater ecosystems. --- freshwater lakes. --- habitat quality. --- healthy ecosystems. --- mother of pearl. --- mussel abundance. --- mussel distribution. --- mussel ecology. --- mussel populations. --- mussel predators. --- mussels. --- parasites. --- pearls. --- pearly mussels. --- rivers and streams. --- scientists. --- textbook. --- zoology.

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Histopathological studies of aquatic animals refer to the microscopic examination of tissues and organs in order to detect deviations from the expected microscopic or macroscopic structure. Information obtained from the study of histomorphological lesions in aquatic animals can be a useful addition when determining the general state of health of aquatic animals, especially if chronic stressors and/or pathogens are present. Compared to mammals, postmortem autolysis progresses very rapidly in most aquatic organisms. This fact makes histopathological examination quite complex and demanding, not only in a histotechnical sense. A prerequisite for a successful study is the baseline knowledge of physiological processes and histological architecture of the studied species. Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to contribute to the current state of knowledge on the histopathology of aquatic animals and to provide a professional and encyclopedic tool for biologists and veterinarians.

micro-nano plastics --- fish --- organism model --- histopathology --- blood biomarkers --- microlipoma --- liver --- Barbus balcanicus --- 3D reconstruction --- nutrition --- aquaculture --- fishmeal replacement --- land animal proteins --- histology --- intestinal microbiota --- Sparus aurata --- toxicity --- effect --- invertebrate --- mussels --- Aeromonas spp. --- rainbow trout --- bacteria --- infection --- antinutritional factors --- soybean --- gut health --- environmental monitoring --- histopathological biomarkers --- histopathological alterations --- fish gills --- atrazine --- Purkinje --- cerebellum --- myocytes --- toxicology --- IP3Rs --- Vistonis Lake --- physico-chemical parameters --- gills --- HSPs --- MARKs --- Na+-K+ ATPase --- hepatorenal --- pathology --- toxicosis --- biomarkers --- adult Xenopus laevis --- n/a

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The large production and widespread daily consumption of plastic materials which began in the last century, together with the often inadequate collection and recycling systems, have made plastics and, consequently, microplastics (MPs) ubiquitous pollutants. Microplastic pollution as a global concern is confirmed by the research papers collected in this Special Issue; these papers come from 28 Universities and research institutions and are spread across ten countries on three continents. This Special Issue collected and published 11 novel contributions focusing on microplastics in aquatic environments, their occurrence and distribution, and the effects they might have on the environment and biota. As Guest Editors of this Special Issue, we were pleased to receive several papers concerning the interaction between microplastics and biota; despite a large number of peer-reviewed papers published on this research topic, there are still several gaps that need to be filled and there is concrete evidence suggesting that microplastic pollution may constitute a serious hazard to aquatic biota. The results of the contributions collected herein have helped to fill some knowledge gaps about the occurrence, distribution, and effects of microplastics on aquatic ecosystems. The outcomes clearly indicate that microplastic pollution is a serious environmental issue; the scientific community should increase its knowledge and understanding of how it could affect the environment, biota, and humans, and how it could be reduced and prevented.

Medicine --- Medical toxicology --- source --- fate --- bacterial degradation --- marine environment --- microplastics --- microplastic pollutant --- polystyrene --- biodegradation --- microalgae --- per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances --- Muskegon Lake --- plastics --- riverine --- coastal --- estuary --- characteristics --- pollution --- population growth rate --- polyamide --- silica beads --- fitness response --- rotifers --- Brachionus fernandoi --- Brachionus calyciflorus --- egg ratio --- polystyrene microplastics --- size-dependent uptake --- vectors --- cadmium --- benzo(a)pyrene --- mussels --- invasive macroalgae --- bivalves --- marine debris --- oxidative stress --- energy balance --- byssus production --- microplastic --- grass carp --- size --- accumulation --- re-consumption --- shape --- colour --- polymer type --- blackfly larvae --- freshwaters --- Simuliidae --- additives --- plasticizers --- fibers --- cellulose --- Mediterranean Sea --- chemical characterization --- environmental pollution --- biota contamination --- n/a