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Cell membranes --- Free radicals (Chemistry) --- Free Radicals. --- Cell Membrane. --- Ion Channel Gating. --- Ion Channels. --- Oxidative Stress.
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
chemoreceptor --- Olfaction --- gustation --- odorant receptor --- sensory neuron --- ion channel --- Signal Transduction
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The inferior colliculus (IC) is a unique structure in the auditory system, located between the primary auditory nuclei of the brainstem and the thalamus. The existence of the complex neural circuits in the auditory brainstem and midbrain, lacking in other sensory systems, has motivated an outpouring of research on the circuitry and physiological properties of the IC. IC neurons receive ascending inputs from over 20 separate sources in the brainstem as well as a dense collection of descending connections from the cortex. It is richly connected to both the left and right ears through these circuits and a major theme in research on the IC has been its role in binaural interactions. A second theme is the role of descending circuits in modulating responses to sound in the IC. A third theme is understanding the sound processing that occurs at the level of the IC, essentially how the representation of sound in the IC differs from that in the two auditory nerves. The representation of sound in the IC is an intermediate step in the development of the cortical representation as well as in the development of many perceptual features of sounds. These characteristics have been documented for a number of computations, including sound localization, masking properties, robustness of the representation, and responses to temporal and spectral properties of sounds. This Research Topic aims to discuss a wide range of aspects of the structure and function of the IC in a way that will facilitate future research.
Inferior colliculus. --- Brain. --- ion channel models --- inferior colliculus --- sona --- representation of sound --- internal circuitry --- Neural Pathways --- inhibitory circuits
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
brain structure and function --- neural networks --- ion channel activation --- prefrontal cortex --- brain systems --- functional encoding brain networks
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The most commonly used measurement technique for electrophysiology is the patch clamp technique. While this measurement technique allows the precise investigation of the communication taking place through ion channels, it has some undesirable drawbacks such as the local destruction of the plasma membrane, a low success rate and an elaborate experimental procedure. To avoid these drawbacks, in this work a new non-invasive microfluidic platform for electrophysiological research (NIMEP) was developed with regard to the activity of ion channels. This novel approach is based on the non-invasive measurement of the total current through the cell membrane and provides a possibility for an automated investigation of the individual cells. In addition, the investigated cell can be used for other applications, since the cell remains in an intact state before and after the test.
Group identity. --- Sociology of disability. --- Blind-cricket players. --- Nicht-invasiv --- Mikrofluidik --- Non-invasive --- Patch clamp technique --- Ionenkanal --- Electrophysiology --- Elektrophysiologie --- Ion channel --- Patch-Clamp-Technik --- Microfluidics
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A well-adjusted expression of cardiac ion channels at the sarcolemma is of crucial importance for normal action potential formation and thus cardiac function. The cellular processes that transport channel proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum towards specified regions on the sarcolemmal membrane, and subsequently take them from the plasma membrane to the protein degradation machinery are commonly known as trafficking. The research field recognizes that aberrant channel trafficking stands at the basis of many congenital and acquired arrhythmias. The collection of papers in this eBook provides state-of-the-art insight into the world of ion channel trafficking research.
Kv11.1 channels --- Connexin43 (Cx43) --- ion channel --- arrhythmia --- TRPM4 channel --- Glycosylation --- NaV1.5 channels --- Kir2.1 channels --- trafficking --- Autophagy --- Protein complexes
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Ion channels --- Ion Channels --- Ion Channel --- Ionic Channel --- Ionic Channels --- Membrane Channel --- Membrane Channels --- Channel, Ion --- Channel, Ionic --- Channel, Membrane --- Channels, Ion --- Channels, Ionic --- Channels, Membrane --- Life Sciences --- Biology --- Signal Transduction --- Biological transport, Active --- Ion-permeable membranes --- Membrane proteins --- biophysics --- phamacology --- ion channels --- ion transporters --- ion exchangers --- ion channel physiology --- Human physiology --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- Ion Channels.
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The emergence of marine and freshwater toxins in geographical areas where they have never been reported before is a concern due to the considerable impact on (sea)food contamination, and consequently, on public health. Several groups of marine biotoxins, in particular tetrodotoxins, ciguatoxins, and palytoxins, are included among the relevant marine biotoxins that have recently emerged in several coastal areas. A similar situation has been observed in freshwater, where cyanobacterial toxins, such as microcystins, could end up in unexpected areas such as the estuaries where shellfish are cultivated. Climate change and the increased availability of nutrients have been considered as the key factors in the expansion of all of these toxins into new areas; however, this could also be due to more intense biological invasions, more sensitive analytical methods, or perhaps even an increased scientific interest in these natural contaminations. The incidences of human intoxications due to the consumption of seafood contaminated with these toxins have made their study an important task to accomplish in order to protect human health. This Special Issue has a focus on a wide variety of emerging biotoxin classes and techniques to identify and quantify them.
n/a --- C-CTX-1 --- non-targeted analysis --- ciguatera fish poisoning --- suspects screening --- neurodegeneration --- adaptation --- LC-HRMS --- paralytic shellfish toxins --- LC-MS/MS --- animal toxins --- identification --- method characterization --- caribbean ciguatoxins --- oral toxicity --- water flea --- quorum sensing --- eutrophication --- beta-methyl-amino-l-alanine --- dynamics simulation --- thermal water --- spent medium --- Microcystis --- Gambierdiscus --- gambierdiscus --- whole genome sequencing --- palytoxin --- conotoxin --- ovatoxins --- cyanobacterial toxin --- BMAA --- Ciguatera fish poisoning --- Rastrineobola argentea --- calcium-activated K+ ion channel --- toxicity equivalence factor --- NMR spectroscopy --- N2a --- PPIA --- marine biotoxins --- Daphnia magna --- ELISA --- disulfide-rich peptide --- food chain --- ShK-like peptide --- voltage-gated K+ ion channel --- targeted analysis --- Chinese yellow catfish --- marine --- macaronesia --- neuroblastoma bioassay --- marine toxins --- acute toxicity --- algal–bacterial relationship --- mass spectrometry --- tetrodotoxins --- saxitoxin --- toxicology --- cationization --- seafood safety --- evolution --- cyanotoxins --- toxin genes --- zoantharian --- spatial variability --- dopaminergic neurons --- tetrodotoxin --- bivalve mollusks --- algal-bacterial relationship
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Marine Drugs is glad to announce its first Special Issue book on “ion channels” related research: Under the great stewardship of the Guest Editor, Dr. Jean-Marc Sabatier, four advanced research articles and three comprehensive review papers were collected in the Special Issue “Ion Channels as Marine Drug Targets”. Join us to explore the advanced research outcomes in this field: α-Conotoxin RgIA and a potent analog, RgIA4, in treatment of pain; botulinum toxin-chitosan nanoparticles in treatment of atrial fibrillation; 27-amino acid (aa)-long δ-conotoxin TxVIA that modulates mammalian CaV3.x; first venomics study of Conus tulipa venom; review on marine toxins targeting Kv1 channels; review on synthetic approaches to zetekitoxin AB; and review on marine natural products and drug resistance in latent tuberculosis. The second edition of this Special Issue is open for submissions, we look forward to your contribution.
conotoxin --- Conus tulipa --- intraspecific variation --- venomics --- transcriptomics --- proteomics --- conantokins --- net hunting strategy --- nirvana cabal --- ion channel modulators --- marine anti-TB compounds --- PZA --- MTB --- latent TB --- sponges --- nicotinic --- chemotherapy --- paclitaxel --- taxane --- neuropathic pain --- α9α10 --- saxitoxin --- zetekitoxin AB --- voltage-gated sodium channel --- guanidine alkaloid --- bioactives --- conotoxins 2 --- Kv1 --- marine toxins --- modulators --- potassium channels --- sea anemone toxins --- TxVIA --- mammalian NaV channel --- selective inhibitor --- T-type CaV3.2 --- botulinum toxin A1 --- chitosan nanoparticles --- antiarrhythmics --- pharmacological models of arrhythmia --- electrically induced arrhythmia
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This book provides an update for the rapidly developing technology known as “optogenetics”, which is the use of genetically encoded light-sensitive molecular elements (usually derived from lower organisms) to control or report various physiological and biochemical processes within the cell. Two ongoing clinical trials use optogenetic tools for vision restoration, and optogenetic strategies have been suggested as novel therapies for several neurological, psychiatric and cardiac disorders. This Special Issue comprises two reviews and seven experimental papers on different types of light-sensitive modules widely used in optogenetic studies. These papers demonstrate the efficiency and versatility of optogenetics and are expected to be equally relevant for advanced users and beginners considering using optogenetic tools in their research.
optogenetic tools --- neuroscience --- calcium sensor --- voltage sensor --- neurotransmitters --- optogenetics --- channelrhodopsins --- sodium --- calcium --- DC gate --- Optogenetics --- p53 --- AsLOV2 --- LINuS --- LEXY --- MIP --- PMI --- Chlamydomonas reinhardtii --- ion channel --- electrophysiology --- molecular dynamics simulations --- membrane-protein interaction --- energy of membrane deformation --- CTMD method, residual hydrophobic mismatch --- microbial rhodopsin --- channelrhodopsin --- membrane current --- hippocampal neurons --- light stimulation --- channelrhodopsin-2 --- photoreceptor --- BLUF --- modular domain --- resonance Raman --- flash photolysis --- hybrid QM/MM simulation --- two-photon --- azobenzene --- photoswitch --- photoswitching --- photocontrol --- all-optical electrophysiology --- microbial rhodopsins --- ion channels --- LOV domains --- membrane potential --- intracellular trafficking --- protein–protein interaction --- signaling
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