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Crown Castle International.

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The treetops of the world's forests are where discovery and opportunity abound, however they have been relatively inaccessible until recently. This book represents an authoritative synthesis of data, anecdotes, case studies, observations, and recommendations from researchers and educators who have risked life and limb in their advocacy of the High Frontier. With innovative rope techniques, cranes, walkways, dirigibles, and towers, they finally gained access to the rich biodiversity that lives far above the forest floor and the emerging science of canopy ecology. In this new edition of Fo

Forest canopies. --- Forest canopy ecology. --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Ecology --- Forest canopies --- Canopies, Forest --- Canopy cover, Tree --- Cover, Forest crown --- Cover, Forest overstory --- Cover, Tree --- Cover, Tree canopy --- Crown canopies, Forest --- Crown cover, Forest --- Forest crown canopies --- Forest crown cover --- Forest overstory cover --- Overstory cover, Forest --- Tree canopy cover --- Tree cover --- Forest ecology --- Forests and forestry --- Plant canopies

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Since the discovery of crown ethers by Pedersen in 1967, several thousands of crown ethers and analogous compounds have been synthesized. Their specific characteristics have been investigated and a variety of applications developed. These developments have led to new fields of chemistry called host-guest chemistry and supramolecular chemistry. This book presents the state-of-the-art of the chemistry of crown ethers and analogous compounds. The first chapter provides an orientation in the new fields of chemistry. Chapter 2 reviews advances in synthetic procedures for crown ethers and analogous

Crown ethers. --- Macromolecules. --- Molecules --- Supramolecular chemistry --- Macrocyclic polyethers --- Ethers --- Ionophores --- Ligands --- Macrocyclic compounds

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Diplomacy as a family business. The Casatis as Spanish-Milanese envoys in Lucerne and Chur (1660-1700)The astonishing family career of the Casatis contradicts widespread impressions of early modern diplomacy. This monograph explains how a Spanish-Milanese diplomatic dynasty shrewdly managed, using a highly complex network of confessional, social and cultural connections, to concentrate and deploy its resources upon key actors, and put itself beyond competition from potential challengers. “Other than following God and their own self-interest, this people knows no further impulse,” was the devastating judgment of Alfonso Casati in 1674 concerning the Swiss Confederates. The diplomats nonetheless had to accommodate the needs of these local hosts, or lose their trust and that of their royal employer, the Spanish king. In order to fulfill the demands placed upon him as a diplomat, Alfonso Casati, like most envoys in early modern Europe, periodically reached into his own pockets. In contrast to many contemporaries, however, he did not respond to the costly requirements of the job by seeking to be relieved of his duties. On the contrary, he laid the ground for ensuring that his own son became the fourth generation representative in a nearly continuous position held by the same family. Tapping extensive source materials which are interpreted from the perspective of various historical actors, this study not only reconstructs the position and influence of an extraordinary diplomatic family, but also shines new light on a colorful history of patronage, corruption and politics in the external relations of the Confederacy and Graubünden.

Diplomats --- Casati Family. --- Switzerland --- Spain --- Milan (Italy) --- History --- diplomacy --- spanish crown --- Alte Eidgenossenschaft --- Chur --- Frankreich --- Gesandter --- Luzern --- Madrid --- Mailand --- Spanien

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En 1297, la chancellerie du roi Jacques II d’Aragon enquête contre les usuriers. L’influence papale, la clameur populaire, le développement de l’administration judiciaire favorisent des procédures qui corrigent les taux d’intérêts immodérés. Témoins et accusés narrent les petits faits omis dans les autres sources, et décrivent des pratiques créditrices avec lesquelles tous jouent sans complexe, jusqu’à la faillite. Parce qu’il naît d’une crise de la confiance, le procès démontre combien les qualités humaines sont une valeur primordiale sur les marchés. Les hommes d’affaires, plus souvent chrétiens que juifs, doivent respecter une norme qui place l’équité au coeur de la cité. Cette étude d’histoire économique ouvre la voie à une histoire des juifs « désenclavée » et réhabilite l’usure. Alors que balbutie le stéréotype qui transforme le juif en usurier, les prêteurs issus de la communauté hébraïque se révèlent dignes de foi et membres du corps politique. Mientras que la actualidad se interesa por las consecuencias sociales de la «crisis» y por los delitos de los «traders», este libro propone examinar los beneficios derivados de un crédito omnipresente. Basándose en procesos inéditos del siglo xiii, rehabilita el término «usura» y relata el ataque del Estado real contra los usureros, más frecuentemente cristianos que judíos. Así pues, resulta posible una historia de los judíos no aislada, en la que los tantas veces denunciados usureros judíos se revelan como individuos dignos de confianza y miembros del cuerpo político.

Deudores y acreedores --- Debtor and creditor --- Judíos --- Jews --- Usura --- Usury --- Aragón (Corona) --- Aragon (Crown) --- Situación social --- Social conditions