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The small apes, or gibbons, are among our closest living relatives, yet they have received little attention from the scientific community and the public in comparison with the other living apes. This oversight is not due to lack of appeal; their physical beauty, graceful acrobatic movements, and thrilling songs make it clear why gibbons are always among the most popular animals in zoos. Rather, the inherent difficulties involved in studying or filming gibbons in their natural habitats and, in some cases, the misconception that among apes, smaller means lesser, have led many researchers and filmmakers to focus their attentions elsewhere. Nonetheless, a growing number of intrepid field and laboratory researchers have made steady progress in the study of gibbon behavior and ecology over the last several decades. This volume is a systematic compilation of recent research on gibbon socioecology and population biology with a focus on understanding gibbons in the context of their natural habitats, and includes contributions on a range of topics, including gibbon biogeography, the ecological roles played by gibbons in their ecosystems, the origins and functions of key gibbon social and ecological adaptations, and the conservation status of wild gibbon populations. The contributors address both theoretical questions and the practical implications of our growing knowledge about gibbon adaptations. While gibbons share several important social features with humans, thus providing parallels for understanding human evolution, they are also fascinating creatures in their own right and act as vital components of tropical forest ecosystems. Unfortunately, gibbons are also among the most endangered living apes. This volume should be of interest to researchers and students from a variety of fields, including anthropologists, animal behaviorists, tropical ecologists, evolutionary biologists, and conservation biologists.

Apes -- Research. --- Gibbons. --- Hylobatidae. --- Gibbons --- Hylobatidae --- Catarrhini --- Haplorhini --- Primates --- Mammals --- Vertebrates --- Chordata --- Animals --- Eukaryota --- Organisms --- Zoology - General --- Zoology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Mammal populations. --- Behavior. --- Ecology. --- Hylobatids --- Lesser apes --- Small apes --- Life sciences. --- Zoology. --- Life Sciences. --- Vertebrate populations --- Apes --- Biology --- Natural history

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Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) have been studied by primatologists since 1948, and considerable knowledge of the primate has been accumulated to elucidate the adaptation of the species over time and to distinct environments in Japan. The Japanese macaque is especially suited to intragenera and interpopulation comparative studies of behavior, physiology, and morphology, and to socioecology studies in general. This book, the most comprehensive ever published in English on Japanese macaques, is replete with contributions by leading researchers in field primatology. Highlighted are topics of intraspecific variations in the ecology and behaviors of the macaque. Such variations provide evidence of the ecological determinants on this species’ mating and social behaviors, along with evidence of cultural behavior. The book also addresses morphology, population genetics, recent habitat change, and conflicts with humans, and attests to the plasticity and complex adaptive system of macaque societies. The valuable information in this volume is recommended reading for researchers in primatology, anthropology, zoology, animal behavior, and conservation biology.

Japanese macaque. --- Monkeys. --- Japanese macaque --- Cercopithecinae --- Behavior --- Far East --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Asia --- Cercopithecidae --- Japan --- Behavior, Animal --- Macaca --- Catarrhini --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Geographic Locations --- Haplorhini --- Geographicals --- Primates --- Mammals --- Vertebrates --- Chordata --- Animals --- Eukaryota --- Organisms --- Zoology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Zoology - General --- Macaca fuscata --- Snow monkeys --- Life sciences. --- Conservation biology. --- Ecology. --- Zoology. --- Neurobiology. --- Life Sciences. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Macaques --- Ecology --- Nature conservation --- Neurosciences --- Biology --- Natural history --- Ecology . --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology

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This volume addresses the origin of the human genus Homo, a major transition in human evolution and associated with major changes in brain size, locomotion, and culture, but one with many unanswered questions. How many different species of Homo were there, and how were they interrelated? Are stone tools a characteristic of early Homo? What was their function? How does the use of stone tools relate to changes in the dentition and brain size? Did adaptations for long distance running first appear with the origin of this genus? How does this relate to its diet and cultural abilities.

Human beings. --- Human beings --- Human evolution --- Fossil hominids --- Catarrhini --- Biological Processes --- Genetic Processes --- Biological Phenomena --- Genetic Phenomena --- Haplorhini --- Primates --- Phenomena and Processes --- Mammals --- Vertebrates --- Chordata --- Animals --- Eukaryota --- Organisms --- Biological Evolution --- Hominidae --- Anthropology --- Social Sciences --- Sociology & Social History --- Recreation & Sports --- Physical Anthropology --- Social Change --- Origin --- Fossil hominids. --- Human evolution. --- Origin. --- Early man --- Fossil hominins --- Fossil man --- Hominids, Fossil --- Hominins, Fossil --- Human fossils --- Antiquity of human beings --- Origin of human beings --- Social sciences. --- Anthropology. --- Social Sciences. --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- Evolution (Biology) --- Physical anthropology --- Evolutionary psychology --- Human remains (Archaeology) --- Primates, Fossil --- Paleoanthropology

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Action [Human ] --- Behavior [Human ] --- Behavior evolution --- Behavioral evolution --- Comportement [Evolution du ] --- Comportement humain --- Comportement social des animaux --- Ethology --- Evolutie van het gedrag --- Evolution du comportement --- Gedrag [Evolutie van het ] --- Human action --- Human behavior --- Human beings behavior --- Menselijk gedrag --- Sociaal gedrag bij dieren --- Social behavior in animals --- Primates --- Behavior --- Human behavior. --- Behavior evolution. --- Social behavior in animals. --- Primates. --- Behavior, Animal. --- Social Behavior. --- Hominidae. --- Evolution. --- Humans. --- Mammals --- Catarrhini --- Vertebrates --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Haplorhini --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Chordata --- Animals --- Eukaryota --- Organisms --- Behavior, Animal --- Social Behavior --- Hominidae --- Zoology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Sociality --- Behavior, Social --- Behaviors, Social --- Social Behaviors --- Autotomy Animal --- Animal Behavior --- Animal Behaviors --- Primate --- Eucarya --- Eukarya --- Eukaryotes --- Eukaryotas --- Eukaryote --- Animalia --- Animal --- Metazoa --- Chordates --- Chordate --- Anthropoids --- Anthropoidea --- Monkeys --- Monkey --- Behavior And Behavior Mechanism --- Vertebrate --- Acceptance Process --- Acceptance Processes --- Behaviors --- Process, Acceptance --- Processes, Acceptance --- Animal behavior --- Animal societies --- Evolutionary psychology --- Action, Human --- Behavior, Human --- Human beings --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Psychology --- Social sciences --- Psychology, Comparative --- Mammalia --- Mammal --- Hominini --- Pongidae --- Apes --- Hominids --- Hominins --- Homo --- Ape --- Hominid --- Hominin --- Homininus --- Anthropology --- Behavior. --- Factors, Psychological --- Psychological Factors --- Psychological Side Effects --- Psychologists --- Psychosocial Factors --- Side Effects, Psychological --- Factor, Psychological --- Factor, Psychosocial --- Factors, Psychosocial --- Psychological Factor --- Psychological Side Effect --- Psychologist --- Psychosocial Factor --- Side Effect, Psychological --- Mammals. --- Catarrhini. --- Vertebrates. --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms. --- Haplorhini. --- Psychology. --- Chordata. --- Animals. --- Eukaryota.

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Over the last decade, Africa has taken a central position in the search for the timing and mechanisms leading to modern human origins, and the rich archaeological and human paleontological record of North Africa is critical to this search.  In this volume, we bring together new research into the archaeology, human paleontology, chronology, and environmental context of modern human origins in North Africa.  The result is a volume that better integrates the North African record into the modern human origins debate and at the same time highlights the research questions that are currently the focus of continued work in the area.

Human beings -- Africa, North -- Origin. --- Human evolution -- Africa, North. --- Social sciences. --- Catarrhini --- Biological Processes --- Paleontology --- Genetic Processes --- Haplorhini --- Anthropology, Physical --- Biological Phenomena --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Anthropology --- Primates --- Social Sciences --- Mammals --- Vertebrates --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Chordata --- Animals --- Eukaryota --- Organisms --- Hominidae --- Biological Evolution --- Fossils --- History & Archaeology --- Archaeology --- Physical Anthropology --- Paleoanthropology. --- Evolutionary paleobiology. --- Human evolution. --- Evolutionary palaeobiology --- Human paleontology --- Evolutionary biology. --- Anthropology. --- Archaeology. --- Emigration and immigration. --- Human geography. --- Social Sciences. --- Human Geography. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Migration. --- Anthropo-geography --- Anthropogeography --- Geographical distribution of humans --- Social geography --- Geography --- Human ecology --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Archeology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Antiquities --- Human beings --- Animal evolution --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- Evolution (Biology) --- Physical anthropology --- Evolutionary psychology --- Paleobiology --- Anthropology, Prehistoric --- Fossil hominids --- Origin --- Evolution (Biology). --- Primitive societies --- Social sciences