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Sensors are the eyes, ears, and more, of the modern engineered product or system. The modern automobile would not be what it is today without an entire battery of sensors that monitor, and control, everything from engine performance to passenger safety and comfort. This authoritative reference work, will offer a complete review of all sensors and their associated controls systems typically found in the modern automotive vehicle.

Automotive sensors --- Automobiles --- Electrical engineering --- Véhicules automobiles --- Génie électrique --- Automatic control --- Electronic equipment --- Capteurs --- Commande automatique --- Equipement électronique --- Automobiles -- Automatic control. --- Automobiles -- Electronic equipment. --- Automotive sensors. --- Electrical engineering. --- Automotive --- Sensor --- Powertrain --- Engine --- Suspension --- Brakes --- Pressure --- Combustion --- Temperature --- Flow --- Torque --- Vibration --- Gas --- Liquid --- Véhicules automobiles --- Génie électrique --- Equipement électronique --- Sensors --- Automatic control. --- Transducers

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The automobile is going through the biggest transformation in its history. Automation and electrification of vehicles are expected to enable safer and cleaner mobility. The prospects and requirements of the future automobile affect innovations in major technology fields like driver assistance systems, vehicle networking and drivetrain development. Smart systems such as adaptive ICT components and MEMS devices, novel network architectures, integrated sensor systems, intelligent interfaces and functional materials form the basis of these features and permit their successful and synergetic integration. It has been the mission of the International Forum on Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications (AMAA) for more than fifteen years to detect novel trends and to discuss the technological implications from early on. Therefore, the topic of the AMAA 2014 will be “Smart Systems for Safe, Clean, and Automated Vehicles”. This book contains peer-reviewed papers written by leading engineers and researchers which all address the ongoing research and novel developments in the field.

Automobiles --- Automotive sensors --- Electronic equipment --- Safety measures --- Automatic control --- Transducers --- Sensors --- Engineering. --- Systems engineering. --- Automotive Engineering. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Transportation. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Design and construction --- Automotive engineering. --- Nanotechnology. --- Electronic circuits. --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronics --- Public transportation --- Transport --- Transportation --- Transportation, Primitive --- Transportation companies --- Transportation industry --- Locomotion --- Commerce --- Communication and traffic --- Storage and moving trade --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Economic aspects

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This volume covers the various sensors related to automotive and aerospace sectors, discussing their properties as well as how they are realized, calibrated and deployed. Written by experts in the field, it provides a ready reference to product developers, researchers and students working on sensor design and fabrication, and provides perspective on both current and future research.

Automotive sensors. --- Automatic control. --- Intelligent control systems. --- Systems engineering. --- Engineering. --- Astronautics. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Transportation. --- Automotive Engineering. --- Aerospace Technology and Astronautics. --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Space sciences --- Aeronautics --- Astrodynamics --- Space flight --- Space vehicles --- Design and construction --- Electronic circuits. --- Automotive engineering. --- Aerospace engineering. --- Aeronautical engineering --- Astronautics --- Public transportation --- Transport --- Transportation --- Transportation, Primitive --- Transportation companies --- Transportation industry --- Locomotion --- Commerce --- Communication and traffic --- Storage and moving trade --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronics --- Economic aspects

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Pedestrian Protection Systems (PPSs) are on-board systems aimed at detecting and tracking people in the surroundings of a vehicle in order to avoid potentially dangerous situations. These systems, together with other Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) such as lane departure warning or adaptive cruise control, are one of the most promising ways to improve traffic safety. By the use of computer vision, cameras working either in the visible or infra-red spectra have been demonstrated as a reliable sensor to perform this task. Nevertheless, the variability of human’s appearance, not only in terms of clothing and sizes but also as a result of their dynamic shape, makes pedestrians one of the most complex classes even for computer vision. Moreover, the unstructured changing and unpredictable environment in which such on-board systems must work makes detection a difficult task to be carried out with the demanded robustness. In this brief, the state of the art in PPSs is introduced through the review of the most relevant papers of the last decade. A common computational architecture is presented as a framework to organize each method according to its main contribution. More than 300 papers are referenced, most of them addressing pedestrian detection and others corresponding to the descriptors (features), pedestrian models, and learning machines used. In addition, an overview of topics such as real-time aspects, systems benchmarking and future challenges of this research area are presented.

Computer vision. --- Pattern recognition systems. --- Pattern classification systems --- Pattern recognition computers --- Machine vision --- Vision, Computer --- Computer science. --- Computer graphics. --- Computer Science. --- Computer Imaging, Vision, Pattern Recognition and Graphics. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Artificial intelligence --- Image processing --- Pattern recognition systems --- Pattern perception --- Computer vision --- Optical data processing. --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Speech processing systems. --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Information theory --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Bionics --- Electronic data processing --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- Optical equipment --- Driver assistance systems. --- Automotive sensors.

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This book presents architectures and design techniques for mm-wave automotive radar transceivers. Several fully-integrated transceivers and receivers operating at 22-29 GHz and 77-81 GHz are demonstrated in both CMOS and SiGe BiCMOS technologies. Excellent performance is achieved indicating the suitability of silicon technologies for automotive radar sensors.  This book bridges an existing gap between information available on dependable system/architecture design and circuit design.  It provides the background of the field and detailed description of recent research and development of silicon-based radar sensors.  System-level requirements and circuit topologies for radar transceivers are described in detail. Holistic approaches towards designing radar sensors are validated with several examples of highly-integrated radar ICs in silicon technologies. Circuit techniques to design millimeter-wave circuits in silicon technologies are discussed in depth.  Describes concepts and fundamentals of automotive radar sensors; Bridges the current gap between publications on system/architecture design and circuit design for automotive radar sensors; Describes in detail system-level requirements and circuit topologies for radar transceivers; Validates holistic approaches towards designing radar sensors with several examples of highly-integrated radar ICs in silicon technologies; Describes various techniques to design millimeter-wave circuits in silicon technologies.

Adaptive signal processing. --- Automobiles -- Electronic equipment. --- Programmable controllers. --- Radar. --- Automotive sensors --- Radar circuits --- Mechanical Engineering --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Automotive Engineering --- Electrical Engineering --- Motor vehicles --- Silicon-on-insulator technology. --- Dynamics. --- SOI devices --- Vehicle system dynamics --- Engineering. --- Computer-aided engineering. --- Electronic circuits. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and Design. --- Detectors --- Electronic systems --- Pulse techniques (Electronics) --- Radio --- Remote sensing --- Electric insulators and insulation --- Semiconductors --- Systems engineering. --- Computer aided design. --- CAD (Computer-aided design) --- Computer-assisted design --- Computer-aided engineering --- Design --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Design and construction --- CAE --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronics --- Data processing