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Wind turbines are one of the most promising renewable energy technologies, and this motivates fertile research activity about developments in power optimization. This topic covers a wide range of aspects, from the research on aerodynamics and control design to the industrial applications about on-site wind turbine performance control and monitoring. This Special Issue collects seven research papers about several innovative aspects of the multi-faceted topic of wind turbine power optimization technology. The seven research papers deal respectively with the aerodynamic optimization of wind turbine blades through Gurney flaps; optimization of blade design for large offshore wind turbines; control design optimization of large wind turbines through the analysis of the competing objectives of energy yield maximization and fatigue loads minimization; design optimization of a tension leg platform for floating wind turbines; innovative methods for the assessment of wind turbine optimization technologies operating on site; optimization of multiple wake interactions modeling through the introduction of a mixing coefficient in the energy balance method; and optimization of the dynamic stall control of vertical-axis wind turbines through plasma actuators. This Special Issue presents remarkable research activities in the timely subject of wind turbine power optimization technology, covering various aspects. The collection is believed to be beneficial to readers and contribute to the wind power industry.

ANN --- DBD plasma actuation --- aerodynamics --- vertical-axis wind turbine --- PSO algorithm --- variable-speed wind turbine --- wind turbine --- wind energy --- analytical model --- wind farm efficiency --- omega arithmetic method --- wake interaction model --- tower fatigue --- floating offshore wind turbine --- dynamic stall --- nonlinear economic-model predictive control --- hydrodynamic motion response --- active flow control --- control and optimization --- wind farm --- blade optimization --- tension leg platform --- structures --- flow control --- Gurney flap --- time-domain coupled model --- drive-shaft torsion --- mixing coefficient --- modified Morison equation --- wind turbines --- FAST --- turbulence intensity

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Third millennium engineering address new challenges in materials sciences and engineering. In particular, the advances in materials engineering combined with the advances in data acquisition, processing and mining as well as artificial intelligence allow for new ways of thinking in designing new materials and products. Additionally, this gives rise to new paradigms in bridging raw material data and processing to the induced properties and performance. This present topical issue is a compilation of contributions on novel ideas and concepts, addressing several key challenges using data and artificial intelligence, such as:- proposing new techniques for data generation and data mining;- proposing new techniques for visualizing, classifying, modeling, extracting knowledge, explaining and certifying data and data-driven models;- processing data to create data-driven models from scratch when other models are absent, too complex or too poor for making valuable predictions;- processing data to enhance existing physic-based models to improve the quality of the prediction capabilities and, at the same time, to enable data to be smarter; and- processing data to create data-driven enrichment of existing models when physics-based models exhibit limits within a hybrid paradigm.

plasticity --- machine learning --- constitutive modeling --- manifold learning --- topological data analysis --- GENERIC --- soft living tissues --- hyperelasticity --- computational modeling --- data-driven mechanics --- TDA --- Code2Vect --- nonlinear regression --- effective properties --- microstructures --- model calibration --- sensitivity analysis --- elasto-visco-plasticity --- Gaussian process --- high-throughput experimentation --- additive manufacturing --- Ti–Mn alloys --- spherical indentation --- statistical analysis --- Gaussian process regression --- nanoporous metals --- open-pore foams --- FE-beam model --- data mining --- mechanical properties --- hardness --- principal component analysis --- structure–property relationship --- microcompression --- nanoindentation --- analytical model --- finite element model --- artificial neural networks --- model correction --- feature engineering --- physics based --- data driven --- laser shock peening --- residual stresses --- data-driven --- multiscale --- nonlinear --- stochastics --- neural networks --- n/a --- Ti-Mn alloys --- structure-property relationship

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The massive increase in energy demand and the related rapid development of unconventional reservoirs has opened up exciting new energy supply opportunities along with new, seemingly intractable engineering and research challenges. The energy industry has primarily depended on a heuristic approach—rather than a systematic approach—to optimize and tackle the various challenges when developing new and improving the performance of existing unconventional reservoirs. Industry needs accurate estimations of well production performance and of the cumulative estimated ultimate reserves, accounting for uncertainty. This Special Issue presents 10 original and high-quality research articles related to the modeling of unconventional reservoirs, which showcase advanced methods for fractured reservoir simulation, and improved production forecasting techniques.

mimetic finite difference method --- infill wells --- shale gas --- fracture modeling --- sensitivity analysis --- EDFM --- production uplifts --- molecular diffusion --- fracture properties --- pressure communication --- Austin Chalk --- enhanced permeability --- enhanced oil recovery --- bottomhole pressure --- wolfcamp formation --- flow models --- semi-analytical model --- pore network --- particle paths --- bubble point pressure --- staged fracturing horizontal well --- EUR --- discrete fracture model --- (re)fracturing --- well interference --- perforating number --- naturally fractured reservoirs --- line detection --- well spacing --- production history matching --- hydraulic fracturing --- microseismic --- cluster efficiency --- Cyclic CH4 injection --- stimulated reservoir volume --- drained rock volume --- natural fractures --- pressure depletion --- midland basin --- hydraulic fractures --- low-permeability reservoir --- flow modeling --- hydraulic fracturing test site --- time of flight --- embedded discrete fracture model --- Eagle Ford shale --- hydraulic fracture closure --- Changning shale gas --- nanopore confinement --- fractured reservoir --- fracture porosity --- multiple fracture propagation

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This book mainly focuses on the processing and applications of polymer and its composites. With the fast development of the petroleum industry, polymer materials have been widely utilized in our daily lives. The various processing methods of polymers determine the final properties and performance of products. In addition, the introduction of different fillers, including inorganic fillers, metal oxide, natural fibers, and so on, can increase the physical and chemical properties of polymer composites, which will further broaden their practical applications. Special attention will be paid to the type of processing methods and the functional fillers on the performance of polymer composites.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Materials science --- waterborne polyurethane --- self-healing --- dynamic disulfide bond --- perovskite solar cell --- hole transport layer --- carbon materials --- polymeric composites --- solar energy materials --- PBAT --- MXene --- nanocomposite --- gas barrier properties --- biaxial stretching --- longan --- fruit --- polymeric films --- antioxidant activity --- enzymatic browning --- neem --- propyl disulfide --- microbial decay --- essential oil --- thickener --- dispersant --- graphene --- lignocellulose nanofibers --- adsorption --- deep eutectic solvents --- cationization --- dissolved and colloidal substances removal --- polyetheretherketone --- short fiber-reinforced --- material property --- lapping machinability --- cellulose nanofiber --- silica --- polypropylene --- composite --- hybrid filler --- thermoplastic silicone rubber --- backscattered electrons --- compatibility layer --- scanning electron microscope --- dynamic vulcanization --- cyclic loading --- deflection --- BFRP-RC beams --- steel fiber --- analytical model --- rosin-based composite membranes --- dencichine --- electrostatic spinning technology --- notoginseng extracts --- chrysin --- molecular imprinting --- adsorption performance --- binary functional monomers

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Exceptional design loads on buildings and structures may have different causes, including high-strain natural hazards, man-made attacks and accidents, and extreme operational conditions. All of these aspects can be critical for specific structural typologies and/or materials that are particularly sensitive. Dedicated and refined methods are thus required for design, analysis, and maintenance under structures’ expected lifetimes. Major challenges are related to the structural typology and material properties. Further issues are related to the need for the mitigation or retrofitting of existing structures, or from the optimal and safe design of innovative materials/systems. Finally, in some cases, no design recommendations are available, and thus experimental investigations can have a key role in the overall process. For this SI, we have invited scientists to focus on the recent advancements and trends in the sustainable design of high-performance buildings and structures. Special attention has been given to materials and systems, but also to buildings and infrastructures that can be subjected to extreme design loads. This can be the case of exceptional natural events or unfavorable ambient conditions. The assessment of hazard and risk associated with structures and civil infrastructure systems is important for the preservation and protection of built environments. New procedures, methods, and more precise rules for safety design and the protection of sustainable structures are, however, needed.

analytical model --- ductile walls --- shear strength --- capacity reduction --- Eurocode 8 --- concrete --- stainless steel --- reinforcement --- temperature --- thermal expansion --- waste management --- construction demolition waste --- thermochromic --- green building material --- recycled waste material --- corrosion --- deterioration --- stirrup --- beams --- cement-based composites (CBCs) --- compressive strength --- fire exposure --- thermal boundaries --- finite element (FE) numerical modelling --- empirical formulations --- fly ash --- granulated blast-furnace slag --- palm oil fly ash --- ordinary Portland cement --- recycled ceramics --- green mortar --- alkali-activated mix design --- embodied energy --- CO2 emission --- assessment --- earthquake --- Zagreb --- case study --- cultural heritage --- seismic design --- structural glass --- q-factor --- engineering demand parameters (EDPs) --- finite element (FE) numerical models --- non-linear incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) --- cloud analysis --- linear regression --- composites --- timber --- CLT --- load-bearing glass --- friction --- FEM analysis --- beam–column joints --- shear capacity --- cyclic loading --- joint’s numerical modeling --- interior joint --- corner joint --- modified reinforcement technique (MRT) --- beam-column joint --- ferrocement --- crack --- ductility --- displacement --- reinforced concrete --- deep beam --- support vector regression --- metaheuristic optimization