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An ability to speak Jamaican Standard English is the stated requirement for any managerial or frontline position in corporate Jamaica. This research looks at the phonological variation that occurs in the formal speech of this type of employee, and focuses on the specific cohort chosen to represent Jamaica in interactions with local and international clients. The variation that does emerge, shows both the presence of some features traditionally characterized as Creole and a clear avoidance of other features found in basilectal and mesolectal Jamaican. Some phonological items are prerequisites for “good English” - variables that define the user as someone who speaks English - even if other Creole variants are present. The ideologies of language and language use that Jamaican speakers hold about “good English” clearly reflect the centuries-old coexistence of English and Creole, and suggest local norms must be our starting point for discussing the acrolect.

Linguistics --- English language --- Phonology --- Jamaica --- Social aspects. --- Jamaïque --- G'amaiḳah --- Xaymaca --- Jamaika (Country) --- Ямайкэ --- I︠A︡maĭkė --- جامايكا --- Jāmāyikā --- Chamaica --- J·amayica --- Xamaica --- Xamayka --- Yamayka --- Ямайка --- I︠A︡maĭka --- Yamaika --- Jamajka --- Джамайка --- Dzhamaĭka --- Tschameeki --- Jaméíkʼa --- Τζαμάικα --- Tzamaika --- ジャマイカ --- West Indies (Federation) --- Germanic languages

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Jamaica --- Church history. --- Religion --- African influences. --- Jamaïque --- G'amaiḳah --- Xaymaca --- Jamaika (Country) --- Ямайкэ --- I︠A︡maĭkė --- جامايكا --- Jāmāyikā --- Chamaica --- J·amayica --- Xamaica --- Xamayka --- Yamayka --- Ямайка --- I︠A︡maĭka --- Yamaika --- Jamajka --- Джамайка --- Dzhamaĭka --- Tschameeki --- Jaméíkʼa --- Τζαμάικα --- Tzamaika --- ジャマイカ --- West Indies (Federation)

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Bennett, Louise, --- Bennett-Coverly, Louise Simone, --- Coverly, Louise Simone Bennett-, --- Lou, --- Miss Lou, --- Jamaica --- Jamaïque --- G'amaiḳah --- Xaymaca --- Jamaika (Country) --- Ямайкэ --- I︠A︡maĭkė --- جامايكا --- Jāmāyikā --- Chamaica --- J·amayica --- Xamaica --- Xamayka --- Yamayka --- Ямайка --- I︠A︡maĭka --- Yamaika --- Jamajka --- Джамайка --- Dzhamaĭka --- Tschameeki --- Jaméíkʼa --- Τζαμάικα --- Tzamaika --- ジャマイカ --- West Indies (Federation) --- Social life and customs.

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By the mid-eighteenth century, observers of the emerging overseas British Empire thought that Jamaica--in addition to being the largest British colony in the West Indies--was the most valuable of the American colonies. Based on a unique set of historical lists and maps, along with a variety of other contemporary materials, Jack Greene's study provides unparalleled detail about the character of Jamaica's settler society during the decade of the 1750s, as the first century of British settlement drew to a close. Greene's sources facilitate a close examination of many aspects of the island's development at a particularly critical point in its history. Analysis of the data generated from this material permits a fine-grained account of patterns of landholding, economic activity, land use, social organization, and wealth distribution among Jamaica's free population during a period of sustained demographic, economic, social, and cultural expansion. Calling attention to local variations, the study puts special emphasis on the complexity and vitality of Jamaica's settler population, the island's economic and social diversity, the ubiquity and adaptability of slavery, the character and size of settler households, the range of urban professions, the value of urban housing, and the gender and racial dimensions of wealth holding. Greene's detailed analyses amplify and enrich these subjects, offering the most refined portrait to date of Jamaican society at a crucial juncture in its formation and providing scholars a quantitative base for analyzing Jamaica's political economy in the second half of the eighteenth century.--Publisher website.

Jamaica --- Jamaïque --- G'amaiḳah --- Xaymaca --- Jamaika (Country) --- Ямайкэ --- I︠A︡maĭkė --- جامايكا --- Jāmāyikā --- Chamaica --- J·amayica --- Xamaica --- Xamayka --- Yamayka --- Ямайка --- I︠A︡maĭka --- Yamaika --- Jamajka --- Джамайка --- Dzhamaĭka --- Tschameeki --- Jaméíkʼa --- Τζαμάικα --- Tzamaika --- ジャマイカ --- West Indies (Federation) --- Social conditions --- Economic conditions --- History --- Great Britain --- United States --- Colonies --- Administration.

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One of the most important voices of the Harlem Renaissance, Claude McKay is largely recognized for his work during the 1920's, which includes a major collection of poems, Harlem Shadows, as well as a critically acclaimed novel, Home to Harlem. But McKay was never completely comfortable with his literary reputation during this period. Throughout his world travels, he saw himself as an English lyricist. In this compelling examination of the life and works of this complex poet, novelist, journalist, and short story writer, Josh Gosciak sheds light on McKay’s literary contributions beyond his interactions with Harlem Renaissance artists and writers. Working within English literary traditions, McKay crafted a verse out of hybridity and diaspora. Gosciak shows how he reinvigorated a modern pastoral through his encounters with some of the major aesthetic and political movements of the late Victorian and early modern periods. Exploring new archival material as well as many of McKay’s lesser known poetic works, The Shadowed Country provides a unique interpretation of the writings of this major author.

Romanticism --- Jamaican Americans --- American literature --- Ethnology --- Jamaicans --- Intellectual life. --- English influences. --- McKay, Claude, --- McKay, Claude --- McKay, Festus Claudius, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Africa --- Jamaica --- Jamaïque --- G'amaiḳah --- Xaymaca --- Jamaika (Country) --- Ямайкэ --- I︠A︡maĭkė --- جامايكا --- Jāmāyikā --- Chamaica --- J·amayica --- Xamaica --- Xamayka --- Yamayka --- Ямайка --- I︠A︡maĭka --- Yamaika --- Jamajka --- Джамайка --- Dzhamaĭka --- Tschameeki --- Jaméíkʼa --- Τζαμάικα --- Tzamaika --- ジャマイカ --- West Indies (Federation) --- In literature. --- English influences --- Intellectual life