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The isolation of free-standing graphene in 2004 was the spark for a new scientific revolution in the field of optoelectronics. Due to its extraordinary optoelectronic and mechanical properties, graphene is the next wonder material that could act as an ideal low-cost alternative material for the effective replacement of the expensive conventional materials used in organic optoelectronic applications. Indeed, the enhanced electrical conductivity of graphene combined with its high transparency in visible and near-infrared spectra, enabled graphene to be an ideal low-cost indium tin oxide (ITO) alternative in organic solar cells (OSCs). The prospects and future research trend in graphene-based TCE are also discussed. On the other hand, solution-processed graphene combines the unique optoelectrical properties of graphene with large area deposition and flexible substrates making it compatible with printing and coating technologies, such as roll-to-roll, inkjet, gravure, and flexographic printing manufacturing methods. This chapter provides an overview of the most recent research progress in the application of solution-processed graphene-based films as transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) in OSCs. (a) Chemically converted graphene (CCG), (b) thermally and photochemically reduced graphene oxide, (c) composite reduced graphene oxide-carbon nanotubes, and (d) reduced graphene oxide mesh films have demonstrated their applicability in OSCs as transparent, conductive electrodes.

Electrodes --- Solar cells. --- Design and construction.

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This book introduces a new method to develop electrode models. The method is based on electrical impedance measurements combined with dynamic reflection and transmission measurements from the electrode surface. The implementation of an electrochemical-optical model allows advanced model validation. The method is applied exemplary to a graphite anode and a redox-polymer electrode, which is leading to highly detailed electrode models.

Elektroden --- Modellierung --- electrodes --- optisch --- Charakterisierungimpedance spectroscopy --- Impedanzspektroskopie --- modelling --- characterization --- optical

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Conversion-type electrodes are promising electrode materials for future lithium ion batteries since they exhibit high specific capacities compared to intercalation-type eclectrodes. In this work, a thermodynamic approach was used to elucidate the electrochemical behavior of conversion-type electrodes using Li-Cu-O and Li-Fe-O as model material systems. electrochemical properties can be calculated using self-sonstistent thermodynamic descriptions developed in this work.

Thermochemielithium ion battery --- Lithium-Ionen-Batterie --- thermische Analyse --- conversion-type electrodes --- Konversionselektroden --- CALPHAD --- thermochemistry --- thermal analysis

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This book focusses on achieving low-power computation using memristive devices. The topic was designed as a convenient reference point: it contains a mix of techniques starting from the fundamental manufacturing of memristive devices all the way to applications such as physically unclonable functions, and also covers perspectives on, e.g., in-memory computing, which is inextricably linked with emerging memory devices such as memristors. Finally, the book contains a few articles representing how other communities (from typical CMOS design to photonics) are fighting on their own fronts in the quest towards low-power computation, as a comparison with the memristor literature. We hope that readers will enjoy discovering the articles within.

Memristors --- Electric resistors --- Resistors, Electric --- Electric conductors --- Electric contactors --- Electric resistance --- Passive components --- Electrodes

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Electric welding --- Copper alloys. --- Powder Metallugy. --- Alloys --- Arc welding --- Electric arc welding --- Resistance welding --- Spot welding --- Welding --- Electrodes --- Materials.