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Information is a recognized fundamental notion across the sciences and humanities, which is crucial to understanding physical computation, communication, and human cognition. The Philosophy of Information brings together the most important perspectives on information. It includes major technical approaches, while also setting out the historical backgrounds of information as well as its contemporary role in many academic fields. Also, special unifying topics are high-lighted that play across many fields, while we also aim at identifying relevant themes for philosophical reflection. There is no established area yet of Philosophy of Information, and this Handbook can help shape one, making sure it is well grounded in scientific expertise. As a side benefit, a book like this can facilitate contacts and collaboration among diverse academic milieus sharing a common interest in information.
Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy of science --- Information theory --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Communication theory --- Communication --- Cybernetics --- Information theory - Philosophy
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Strategic behavior is the key to social interaction, from the ever-evolving world of living beings to the modern theatre of designed computational agents. Strategies can make or break participants’ aspirations, whether they are selling a house, playing the stock market, or working toward a treaty that limits global warming. This book aims at understanding the phenomenon of strategic behavior in its proper width and depth. A number of experts have combined forces in order to create a comparative view of the different frameworks for strategic reasoning in social interactions that have been developed in game theory, computer science, logic, linguistics, philosophy, and cognitive and social sciences. The chapters are organized in three topic-based sections, namely reasoning about games; formal frameworks for strategies; and strategies in social situations. The book concludes with a discussion on the future of logical studies of strategies.
Mathematical Theory --- Mathematics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Computer science. --- Computer communication systems. --- Software engineering. --- Algorithms. --- Computer logic. --- Mathematical logic. --- Computer Science. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Logics and Meanings of Programs. --- Computer Communication Networks. --- Software Engineering. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Algorithm Analysis and Problem Complexity. --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Computer science logic --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Algorism --- Algebra --- Arithmetic --- Computer software engineering --- Engineering --- Communication systems, Computer --- Computer communication systems --- Data networks, Computer --- ECNs (Electronic communication networks) --- Electronic communication networks --- Networks, Computer --- Teleprocessing networks --- Data transmission systems --- Digital communications --- Electronic systems --- Information networks --- Telecommunication --- Cyberinfrastructure --- Electronic data processing --- Network computers --- Informatics --- Science --- Foundations --- Distributed processing --- Logic design. --- Computer software. --- Software, Computer --- Computer systems --- Design, Logic --- Design of logic systems --- Digital electronics --- Electronic circuit design --- Logic circuits --- Machine theory --- Switching theory --- Games of strategy (Mathematics) --- Games with rational pay-off (Mathematics) --- Rational games (Mathematics) --- Strategy, Games of (Mathematics) --- Game theory --- Group theory --- Mathematical optimization --- Matrices --- Topology --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Machine theory. --- Computer networks. --- Formal Languages and Automata Theory. --- Computer Science Logic and Foundations of Programming. --- Computer and Information Systems Applications. --- Abstract automata --- Abstract machines --- Automata --- Mathematical machine theory --- Algorithms --- Recursive functions --- Robotics
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This volume presents 38 classic texts in formal epistemology, and strengthens the ties between research into this area of philosophy and its neighbouring intellectual disciplines. The editors provide introductions to five subsections: Bayesian Epistemology, Belief Change, Decision Theory, Interactive Epistemology and Epistemic Logic. 'Formal epistemology' is a term coined in the late 1990s for a new constellation of interests in philosophy, the origins of which are found in earlier works of epistemologists, philosophers of science and logicians. It addresses a growing agenda of problems concerning knowledge, belief, certainty, rationality, deliberation, decision, strategy, action and agent interaction – and it does so using methods from logic, probability, computability, decision and game theory. The volume also includes a thorough index and suggestions for further reading, and thus offers a complete teaching and research package for students as well as research scholars of formal epistemology, philosophy, logic, computer science, theoretical economics and cognitive psychology.
Philosophy. --- Epistemology. --- Mathematical logic. --- Game theory. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Game Theory, Economics, Social and Behav. Sciences. --- Games, Theory of --- Theory of games --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Mental philosophy --- Genetic epistemology. --- Computer science. --- Mathematics. --- Math --- Science --- Informatics --- Developmental psychology --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Mathematical models --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Philosophy --- Psychology
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