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This book deals with change processes in higher education systems in seven countries and explores which public policies have been chosen, and which organizational designs and steering tools have been implemented. Doctoral education and research budgets are studied in depth. To what extent do national specificities survive, and to what extent does European convergence occur? All seven countries tend to turn universities into rationalized organizations linking multiple heterogeneous stakeholders and clarifying their training and research missions. They also reform methods used by public authorities to steer at a distance by way of performance evaluation and incentive approaches. This book suggests that grand narratives such as NPM and Network Governance narratives do not tell the history of change. They may influence visions and tools developed by reformers, but policymaking and its implementation remain dependent on specific national settings.

Higher education and state -- Europe, Western -- Cross-cultural studies. --- Public administration -- Europe, Western -- Cross-cultural studies. --- Universities and colleges -- Europe, Western -- Administration -- Cross-cultural studies. --- Universities and colleges --- Higher education and state --- Public administration --- Theory & Practice of Education --- Education --- Social Sciences --- Administration --- Education, Higher --- Education. --- Political science. --- International education. --- Comparative education. --- School management and organization. --- School administration. --- Educational sociology. --- Higher education. --- Sociology. --- Education and sociology. --- Sociology, Educational. --- Administration, Organization and Leadership. --- Higher Education. --- Sociology of Education. --- International and Comparative Education. --- Political Science. --- Sociology, general. --- Education, Higher. --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- College students --- Higher education --- Postsecondary education --- International education . --- Social theory --- Education, Comparative --- Global education --- Intellectual cooperation --- Internationalism --- Education and sociology --- Social problems in education --- Society and education --- Sociology, Educational --- Sociology --- Administration, Educational --- Educational administration --- Inspection of schools --- Operation policies, School --- Policies, School operation --- School administration --- School inspection --- School operation policies --- School organization --- Schools --- Management --- Organization --- History --- Aims and objectives --- Inspection --- Management and organization

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Les discussions suscitées ces dernières années par les sciences cognitives ont remis au premier plan la ques­tion des rapports de la connaissance humaine à son environnement. De nombreux théoriciens ont supposé que la connaissance pouvait avoir des causes naturelles, au même titre que les autres phénomènes de la nature. Ce genre de supposition interpelle les sociologues car ils disposent d’une tradition théorique qui les conduit plutôt à défendre l’idée d’une autonomie de la culture et des raisons humaines par rapport aux mécanismes naturels. La sociologie de la connaissance est-elle en mesure de proposer un éclairage original sur les hypo­thèses des sciences cognitives ? Doit-elle reformuler certaines de ses approches pour tenir compte de l’apport de ces sciences ? Telles sont les questions sur lesquelles cet ouvrage, conçu à partir des travaux des Journées annuelles de la Société française de sociologie (Paris, Sorbonne, 5 et 6 octobre 1995), propose une réflexion. On y trouvera notamment les contribu­tions de quelques-uns des sociologues qui, en France, ont mani­festé le plus d’intérêt critique face à l’émergence contemporaine des sciences cognitives.

Cognitive science. --- Knowledge, Sociology of. --- Sciences cognitives --- Sociologie de la connaissance --- Sociology --- connaissance --- sociologie --- cognition --- SCIENCES COGNITIVES --- SOCIOLOGIE ET SCIENCE COGNITIVE --- THEORIE DE LA CONNAISSANCE --- SOCIOLOGIE