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Sociology of work --- United States --- Labor market --- Labor market - United States --- United States of America
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During the past two decades, wages of skilled workers in the United States rose while those of unskilled workers fell; less-educated young men in particular have suffered unprecedented losses in real earnings. These twelve original essays explore whether this trend is unique to the United States or is part of a general growth in inequality in advanced countries. Focusing on labor market institutions and the supply and demand forces that affect wages, the papers compare patterns of earnings inequality and pay differentials in the United States, Australia, Korea, Japan, Western Europe, and the changing economies of Eastern Europe. Cross-country studies examine issues such as managerial compensation, gender differences in earnings, and the relationship of pay to regional unemployment. From this rich store of data, the contributors attribute changes in relative wages and unemployment among countries both to differences in labor market institutions and training and education systems, and to long-term shifts in supply and demand for skilled workers. These shifts are driven in part by skill-biased technological change and the growing internationalization of advanced industrial economies.
Wages --- Case studies --- Congresses --- AA / International- internationaal --- US / United States of America - USA - Verenigde Staten - Etats Unis --- 332.26 --- 338.021 --- -331.21 --- Compensation --- Departmental salaries --- Earnings --- Pay --- Remuneration --- Salaries --- Wage-fund --- Wage rates --- Working class --- Income --- Labor costs --- Compensation management --- Cost and standard of living --- Prices --- Loonevolutie. --- Theorie van de lonen. --- -Wages --- Congresses. --- -AA / International- internationaal --- Costs, Labor --- Employees --- Payroll costs --- Personnel costs --- Costs --- 331.21 --- Case studies&delete& --- Loonevolutie --- Theorie van de lonen --- Costs, Industrial --- E-books --- Wages - Case studies - Congresses --- wages, wage structures, united states of america, usa, unskilled workers, labor, work, earnings, inequality, wealth gap, markets, institutions, australia, korea, japan, europe, international studies, unemployment, gender differences, managerial compensation, training, education, case study, employment, solidarity, germany, italy, great britain, sweden.
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In recent years, the earnings of young blacks have risen substantially relative to those of young whites, but their rates of joblessness have also risen to crisis levels. The papers in this volume, drawing on the results of a groundbreaking survey conducted by the National Bureau of Economic Research, analyze the history, causes, and features of this crisis. The findings they report and conclusions they reach revise accepted explanations of black youth unemployment. The contributors identify primary determinants on both the demand and supply sides of the market and provide new information on important aspects of the problem, such as drug use, crime, economic incentives, and attitudes among the unemployed. Their studies reveal that, contrary to popular assumptions, no single factor is the predominant cause of black youth employment problems. They show, among other significant factors, that where female employment is high, black youth employment is low; that even in areas where there are many jobs, black youths get relatively few of them; that the perceived risks and rewards of crime affect decisions to work or to engage in illegal activity; and that churchgoing and aspirations affect the success of black youths in finding employment. Altogether, these papers illuminate a broad range of economic and social factors which must be understood by policymakers before the black youth employment crisis can be successfully addressed.
Labour market --- United States --- Afro-American youth --- Unemployment --- Employment --- African American youth --- Joblessness --- Negro youth --- Youth, African American --- Employment (Economic theory) --- Full employment policies --- Labor supply --- Manpower policy --- Right to labor --- Underemployment --- Youth --- Black young persons --- E-books --- Afro-American youth - Employment - Congresses. --- Unemployment - United States - Congresses. --- joblessness, unemployment, black youth, race, racism, discrimination, bias, labor market, career, wages, earnings, success, women, gender, attitude, economic incentives, crime, drug use, criminal activity, gang, perception, stereotypes, stigma, illegal, aspiration, ambition, churchgoing, religion, spirituality, nonfiction, economics, african american, employment, duration, job search, discharges, layoffs, transition, welfare, ghetto, poverty, inner city. --- United States of America
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