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Charles Maier, one of the most prominent contemporary scholars of European history, published Recasting Bourgeois Europe as his first book in 1975. Based on extensive archival research, the book examines how European societies progressed from a moment of social vulnerability to one of political and economic stabilization.Arguing that a common trajectory calls for a multi country analysis, Maier provides a comparative history of three European nations and argues that they did not simply return to a prewar status quo, but achieved a new balance of state authority and interest group representation. While most previous accounts presented the decade as a prelude to the Depression and dictatorships, Maier suggests that the stabilization of the 1920s, vulnerable as it was, foreshadowed the more enduring political stability achieved after World War II.The immense and ambitious scope of this book, its ability to follow diverse histories in detail, and its effort to explain stabilization-and not just revolution or breakdown-have made it a classic of European history.

Europe --- Politics and government --- Economic conditions --- Aristide Briand. --- Benito Mussolini. --- Cartel des Gauches. --- Europe. --- Fascists. --- France. --- Francesco Saverio Nitti. --- Georges Clemenceau. --- Germany. --- Giovanni Giolitti. --- Gustav Stresemann. --- Italy. --- Joseph Wirth. --- Radical Socialist Party. --- Raymond Poincar. --- Ruhr conflict. --- Social Democratic Party. --- Vittorio Emanuele Orlando. --- World War II. --- big business. --- bourgeois. --- bourgeoisie. --- capitalism. --- class divisions. --- class. --- coal industry. --- coalitions. --- conservatives. --- corporatism. --- deflation. --- economic restructuring. --- economic stabilization. --- elections. --- elites. --- fascism. --- heavy industry. --- inflation. --- interest groups. --- labor market. --- left. --- liberalism. --- majorities. --- mass communications. --- moderation. --- nationalism. --- parliamentary elections. --- parliamentary politics. --- parliaments. --- political ecology. --- political economy. --- political stabilization. --- politics. --- recession. --- reparations. --- revaluation. --- social conflict. --- social democracy. --- social vulnerability. --- socialists. --- socialization. --- sovereignty. --- stability. --- state authority. --- taxes. --- terrorism. --- unions.

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This book extends the discussion of the nature of freedom and what it means for a human to be free. This question has occupied the minds of thinkers since the Enlightenment. However, without exception, every one of these discussions has focused on the character of liberty on Earth. In this volume the authors explore how people are likely to be governed in space and how that will affect what sort of liberty they experience. Who will control oxygen? How will people maximise freedom of movement in a lethal environment? What sort of political and economic systems can be created in places that will be inherently isolated? These are just a few of the major questions that bear on the topic of extra-terrestrial liberty.  During the last forty years an increasing number of nations have developed the capability of launching people into space. The USA, Europe, Russia, China and soon India have human space exploration programs. These developments raise the fundamental question of how are humans to be governed in space. This book follows from a previous volume published in this series which looked at the Meaning of Liberty Beyond the Earth and explored what sort of freedoms could exist in space in a very general way. This new volume focuses on systems of governance and how they will influence which of these sorts of freedoms will become dominant in extra-terrestrial society. The book targets a wide readership covers many groups including: Space policy makers interested in understanding how societies will develop in space and what the policy implications might be for space organisations. Space engineers interested in understanding how social developments in space might influence the way in which infrastructure and space settlements should be designed. Space scientists interested in how scientific developments might influence the social structures of settlements beyond the Earth. Social scientists (political philosophers, ethicists etc) interested in understanding how societies will develop in the future.

Physics. --- Societal Aspects of Physics. --- Philosophy of the Social Sciences. --- Law of the Sea, Air and Outer Space. --- Astrobiology. --- Ethics. --- Personality and Social Psychology. --- Social sciences --- Consciousness. --- Physique --- Morale --- Sciences sociales --- Conscience --- Philosophy. --- Philosophie --- Space colonies -- Economic aspects. --- Space colonies -- Political aspects. --- Space colonies -- Social aspects. --- Aeronautics Engineering & Astronautics --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Space colonies --- Political aspects. --- Economic aspects. --- Social aspects. --- Colonies, Space --- Communities, Space --- Habitats, Space --- Space communities --- Space habitats --- Philosophy and social sciences. --- Science --- Law of the sea. --- International law. --- Personality. --- Social psychology. --- Astronautics and civilization --- Colonization --- Large space structures (Astronautics) --- Extraterrestrial bases --- Space stations --- Societal Aspects of Physics, Outreach and Education. --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Apperception --- Mind and body --- Perception --- Psychology --- Spirit --- Self --- Astrobiology --- Biology --- Habitable planets --- Life --- Social philosophy --- Social theory --- Origin --- Science—Social aspects. --- Mass psychology --- Psychology, Social --- Human ecology --- Social groups --- Sociology --- Personal identity --- Personality psychology --- Personality theory --- Personality traits --- Personology --- Traits, Personality --- Individuality --- Persons --- Temperament --- Law of nations --- Nations, Law of --- Public international law --- Law --- High seas, Jurisdiction over --- Marine law --- Ocean --- Ocean law --- Sea, Law of the --- International law --- Maritime law --- Territorial waters --- Social sciences and philosophy --- Law and legislation --- Exobiology.

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Risk models are models of uncertainty, engineered for some purposes. They are “educated guesses and hypotheses” assessed and valued in terms of well-defined future states and their consequences. They are engineered to predict, to manage countable and accountable futures and to provide a frame of reference within which we may believe that “uncertainty is tamed.” Quantitative-statistical tools are used to reconcile our information, experience and other knowledge with hypotheses that both serve as the foundation of risk models and also value and price risk. Risk models are therefore common to most professions, each with its own methods and techniques based on their needs, experience and a wisdom accrued over long periods of time. This book provides a broad and interdisciplinary foundation to engineering risks and to their financial valuation and pricing. Risk models applied in industry and business, heath care, safety, the environment and regulation are used to highlight their variety while financial valuation techniques are used to assess their financial consequences. This book is technically accessible to all readers and students with a basic background in probability and statistics (with 3 chapters devoted to introduce their elements). Principles of risk measurement, valuation and financial pricing as well as the economics of uncertainty are outlined in 5 chapters with numerous examples and applications. New results, extending classical models such as the CCAPM are presented providing insights to assess the risks and their price in an interconnected, dependent and strategic economic environment. In an environment departing from the fundamental assumptions we make regarding financial markets, the book provides a strategic/game-like approach to assess the risk and the opportunities that such an environment implies. To control these risks, a strategic-control approach is developed that recognizes that many risks result by “what we do” as well as “what others do”. In particular we address the strategic and statistical control of compliance in large financial institutions confronted increasingly with a complex and far more extensive regulation.

Corporate governance. --- Engineering. --- Finance. --- Management --- Business & Economics --- Management Theory --- Risk management. --- Engineering --- Management. --- Civil engineering --- Structural engineering --- Business. --- Operations research. --- Decision making. --- Applied mathematics. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Engineering economics. --- Engineering economy. --- Business and Management. --- Operation Research/Decision Theory. --- Engineering Economics, Organization, Logistics, Marketing. --- Appl.Mathematics/Computational Methods of Engineering. --- Insurance --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Economy, Engineering --- Engineering economics --- Industrial engineering --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- Mathematics --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Decision making

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There are currently no reparative therapies for severe neurological injury, including brain injury, spinal cord injury and stroke. Actually, most treatments are designed simply to limit secondary damage. However, pre-clinical data supports the idea that exogenous stem and progenitor cells have the potential to promote a reparative response to severe neurological injuries. Progenitor Cell Therapy for Neurological Injury is a compilation of seminal essays that explore many unique aspects of neurological injury, focusing on the critical translational issues of cell delivery. Specifically, it discusses routes of administration, types of progenitor cells (alone and/or in combinations), timing of delivery and adjuncts to promote cell engraftment, survival and effectiveness. In addition, many chapters address measuring the effects of transplanted cells and cell tracking. The paradigms of how cell-based therapeutics affect neurological injury is changing rapidly. The developments in this field may ultimately offer realistic hope for improvement in patients with severe injuries. This book is a vital key toward unlocking those future treatments.

Brain -- Wounds and injuries -- Treatment. --- Medicine. --- Stem cells -- Therapeutic use. --- Stem cells --- Brain --- Cell Transplantation --- Diseases --- Transplantation --- Nervous System Diseases --- Stem Cell Transplantation --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cytology --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Therapeutic use --- Wounds and injuries --- Treatment --- Cellular therapy. --- Nervous system --- Cell therapy --- Cells --- Therapy, Cellular --- Treatment. --- Life sciences. --- Stem cells. --- Life Sciences. --- Stem Cells. --- Organotherapy --- Therapeutics, Physiological --- Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Cell transplantation --- Colony-forming units (Cells) --- Mother cells --- Progenitor cells

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Economics and the Challenge of Global Warming is a balanced and comprehensive analysis of the role of economics in confronting global warming, the central environmental issue of the twenty-first century. It avoids a technical exposition in order to reach a wide audience and is up to date in its theoretical and empirical underpinnings. It is addressed to all who have some knowledge of economic concepts and a serious interest in how economics can (and cannot) help in crafting climate policy. The book is organized around three central questions. First, can benefit-cost analysis guide us in setting warming targets? Second, what strategies and policies are cost-effective? Third, and most difficult, can a global agreement be forged between rich and poor, North and South? While economic concepts are foremost in the analysis, they are placed within an accessible ethical and political matrix. The book serves as a primer for the post-Kyoto era.

Business, Economy and Management --- Economics --- Climatic changes --- Global warming --- Economic aspects.