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The German pension system was the first formal pension system in the world, designed by Bismarck nearly 120 years ago. It has been very successful in providing high and reliable pension levels at reasonable contribution rates. While the generosity of the German pension system is considered a great social achievement, negative incentive effects of past reforms in the 1970s and 1980s and population aging are threatening the very core of the system. This has led to fundamental pension reforms since 1992. Based on a detailed simulation model of the German pension system, this book provides a thorough assessment of the system and its reforms. It shows that the latest reforms have put the system back onto a stable path and moved it from the old monolithic towards a multi-pillar system.

Monetary economics --- Labour economics --- Political economy --- Welfare economics --- Economic systems & structures --- Demographischer Wandel --- German --- Interne Rendite --- Multi --- Pension --- Pillar --- Reform --- Rentenreform --- Riester-Rente --- Road --- Sustainable --- System --- Towards --- Wilke

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A company operating various sales channels, e.g. the Internet and a traditional shop, inevitably faces a tricky coordination problem. As prevalent approaches often do not lead to a satisfying solution, the author suggests a normative model to offer directions for the optimal channel coordination. The model is based on stochastic purchase and switching probabilities, given certain conditions like prices and supportive marketing activities (like delivery time or shop environment). A company can fit its consumer base to the model and simulate various effects on its earnings by altering prices or marketing activities. The model is a market-based playground to develop new holistic strategies for a multichannel company without affecting the market.

Production & quality control management --- Sales management. --- Marketing --- Management. --- Marketing management --- Business logistics --- Management, Sales --- Industrial management --- Selling --- Consumer Behaviour --- E-Commerce --- Gruber --- Management --- Model --- Multichannel --- Normative --- Optimality --- Pricing --- Stochastic Modelling --- Towards

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This open access book provides a comprehensive analysis of the socioeconomic determinants of Covid-19. From the end of 2019 until presently, the world has been ravaged by the Covid-19 pandemic. Although the cause of this is (obviously) a virus, the extent to which this virus spread, and therefore the number of infections and deaths, was largely determined by socio-economic factors. From this, it follows that the course of the pandemic varies greatly from one country to another. This observation applies both to countries’ resilience to such a pandemic (which is mainly rooted in the period preceding the outbreak of the virus) and to the way in which countries have reacted to the virus (including the political choices on how to respond). Meanwhile, research has made it clear that the nature of this response (e.g., elimination policy, mitigation policy, and proceeding herd immunity) was, on the one hand, strongly determined by political and ideological factors and, on the other hand, was highly influential in the factors of success or failure in combating the pandemic. The book focuses on the situation in a number of Western regions (notably the USA, the UK, and the EU and its Member States). The author addresses the reasons why in many Western countries both pandemic prevention and response policies to Covid-19 have failed. The book concludes with recommendations concerning the rearrangement of the socio-economic order that could increase the resilience of (Western) societies against such pandemics.

International law --- Jurisprudence & philosophy of law --- Law & society --- Covid-19 --- Socio-economic determinants of a pandemic --- Covid-19 and socioeconomics --- Public policy towards Covid-19 --- Capitalism and Covid-19

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Sociology & Social History --- Social Sciences --- Social Change --- S10/0835 --- S06/0437 --- S06/0438 --- S06/0500 --- S08/0520 --- China: Economics, industry and commerce--Postal service and telecommunications: since 1949 (including E-commerce) --- China: Politics and government--Policy towards intellectuals (incl. "thought reform", "brainwashing") --- China: Politics and government--Policy towards press, Internet --- China: Politics and government--Other modern political movements (e.g. anarchism, Socialism, dissident movements, Beijing Spring, Tian'anmen) --- China: Law and legislation--Civil law, human rights: since 1949 --- Conferences - Meetings --- Internet --- Democratization --- Globalization --- Démocratisation --- Mondialisation --- Political aspects --- Congresses. --- Aspect politique --- Congrès --- Asia --- Denmark --- Asie --- Danemark --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement

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Visual Political Communication in Popular Chinese Television Series has been granted the EastAsiaNet 2014 Award ! In Visual Political Communication in Popular Chinese Television Series , Florian Schneider analyses political discourses in Chinese TV dramas, the most popular entertainment format in China today. Schneider shows that despite their often nationalistic stories of glorious emperors and courageous officials, such programmes should not be mistaken for official propaganda. Instead, the highly didactical messages of such series are the outcome of complex cultural governance practices, which are influenced by diffuse political interests, commercial considerations, viewing habits, and ideological assumptions. Schneider argues that these interlinking factors lead to a highly restrictive creative environment and to conservative entertainment content that ultimately risks creating precisely the kind of passive masses that Chinese media workers and government officials are trying so hard to emancipate.

S11/1520 --- S06/0436 --- China: Social sciences--Television --- China: Politics and government--Policy towards literature and art --- Television programs --- Television and politics --- Television broadcasting policy --- Television broadcasting --- Television broadcasting and state --- Broadcasting policy --- Politics and television --- Political science --- Government policy --- Political aspects