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Agricultural production must increase substantially to meet the increasing per capita demand for food, feed, fuel, and fiber of a rising human census. The amount of arable land is limited due to soil type, weather, and ecosystem considerations; therefore, it is necessary to increase yields on current fields. To obtain the greatest maize (Zea mays L.) yield, a farmer needs to nurture the crop as much as possible. Weather and nitrogen availability are well- known as two factors that normally have the greatest influence on maize yields and grain quality. Some management factors a producer may need to consider while growing a maize crop are mineral fertilization, genotype, plant population, and protection from insects and diseases. Additionally, there are numerous biological and chemical compounds that can stimulate plant growth, such as in-furrow mixes and foliar fungicides. Field management also plays a role in final grain yield, including crop rotation, tillage, soil pH and nutrient levels, weed control, and drainage. This Special Issue Book focuses on weather, soil, and other maize crop management factors and their relative independent and/or interactive influence on maize growth and yield.]

Crop production --- Crop management --- Maize high-yield --- Crop Population density --- Maize rotation --- Crop protection --- Crop fertilization

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Entwerfen und Konstruieren mit organischen Materialien ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil des nachhaltigen Bauens. Allzuoft wird Nachhaltigkeit auf Bautechnologie reduziert, und das Grün hat nur ornamentale Funktion. Dense + Green stellt Innovationen bei hochverdichteten Bautypen dar, die aus dem umfassenden Einsatz von grünen Komponenten wie vertikalen Gärten und begrünten Fassaden hervorgehen. Das Buch beschreibt detailliert Strategien für eine große Zahl von Bauaufgaben und grünen Baubereichen unter unterschiedlichen klimatischen Voraussetzungen. Ausgeführte Beispiele für wichtige Bautypen werden mit durchgängig neu angefertigten Zeichnungen dargestellt und analysiert. Ein Team von international renommierten Autoren legt den aktuellen Wandel im Bauen für nachhaltige städtische Umgebungen dar.Aus dem Inhalt: • Hochverdichtete grüne Bautypologien, von Thomas Schröpfer, Architekt, Singapore University of Technology and Design• Bautechnologien für hochverdichtete grüne Bereiche, von Atelier Ten, Umwelt- und Bautechnikingenieure, New York• Landschaftsarchitektonische Aspekte, von Herbert Dreiseitl, Atelier Dreiseitl/Rambøll Liveable Cities Lab, Überlingen/Singapur/Portland• Botanische Aspekte, von Jean Yong, Ökophysiologe, Singapore University of Technology and Design• Städtebau mit hochverdichteten grünen Bautypen, von Kees Christiaanse, Stadtplaner, ETH Zürich • Analyse von 25 Bauten aus Europe, Asien und USA • Praxisberichte von Foster + Partners, WOHA, Ken Yeang, MVRDV und anderen Architekten The integration of nature in architecture is a key concern of sustainability. However, all too often sustainable design is reduced to improving the energetic performance of buildings and the ornamental application of natural green. Dense + Green explores new architectural typologies that emerge from the integration of green components such as sky terraces, vertical parks and green facades, in high-density buildings. The book describes green strategies in a comparison across different design tasks and climate conditions. In-depth case studies on the most relevant building types, consistently presented with analytical drawings made exclusively for this book, are complemented by expert essays that demonstrate the current paradigm shift in the sustainable urban environment. From the Contents: • Dense + Green Building Types, by Thomas Schröpfer, architect, Singapore University of Technology and Design• Dense + Green Building Technology, by Atelier Ten, environmental design consultants and building services engineers, New York, NY• Dense + Green Landscape Design, by Herbert Dreiseitl, landscape architect, Atelier Dreiseitl/Rambøll Liveable Cities Lab, Überlingen/Singapore/Portland, OR• Dense + Green Botanical Design, by Jean Yong, plant eco-physiologist, Singapore University of Technology and Design• Dense + Green Urbanism, by Kees Christiaanse, urban planner, ETH Zurich• 25 in-depth case studies from Europe, Asia and the USA• Practice Reports by Foster + Partners, WOHA, Ken Yeang, MVRDV and others

Sustainable architecture. --- Urban density. --- Urban population density --- Population density --- Urban ecology (Sociology) --- Eco-architecture --- Environmentally conscious architecture --- Environmentally friendly architecture --- Green architecture --- Green building design --- Green design (Buildings) --- Sustainable design (Buildings) --- Architecture --- Sustainable design

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Fire ants. --- Imported fire ant --- Solenopsis --- Ants --- Formicidae --- identification. --- identification --- Biogeography --- Symbiosis --- social behaviour --- biological development --- Biological competition --- Venoms --- medicinal properties --- Biological control agents --- population density --- Insect control

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Understanding and predicting species diversity in ecological communities is one of the great challenges in community ecology. Popular recent theory contends that the traits of species are "neutral" or unimportant to coexistence, yet abundant experimental evidence suggests that multiple species are able to coexist on the same limiting resource precisely because they differ in key traits, such as body size, diet, and resource demand. This book presents a new theory of coexistence that incorporates two important aspects of biodiversity in nature--scale and spatial variation in the supply of limiting resources. Introducing an innovative model that uses fractal geometry to describe the complex physical structure of nature, Mark Ritchie shows how species traits, particularly body size, lead to spatial patterns of resource use that allow species to coexist. He explains how this criterion for coexistence can be converted into a "rule" for how many species can be "packed" into an environment given the supply of resources and their spatial variability. He then demonstrates how this rule can be used to predict a range of patterns in ecological communities, such as body-size distributions, species-abundance distributions, and species-area relations. Ritchie illustrates how the predictions closely match data from many real communities, including those of mammalian herbivores, grasshoppers, dung beetles, and birds. This book offers a compelling alternative to "neutral" theory in community ecology, one that helps us better understand patterns of biodiversity across the Earth.

Animal population density. --- Biotic communities. --- Biodiversity. --- Ecological heterogeneity. --- Animal populations --- Density, Animal population --- Population density, Animal --- Population biology --- Zoogeography --- Allee effect --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Ecology --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biology --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Heterogeneity, Ecological --- Biodiversity --- Fragmented landscapes --- Density

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A unique and timely handbook, a register, and an analytical tool for anyone interested in the built past and future of the European city Dieses Buch untersucht die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Ausprägungen baulicher Dichte und daraus entstehenden Atmosphären, Nutzungsverteilungen und deren Wertschätzung. Anhand von 9 Dichtekategorien, die den öffentlichen Raum mit einbeziehen, werden 36 exemplarische Quartiere in Zürich, Wien, München und Berlin fotografisch und in Kartenmaterial dokumentiert und ausgewertet. Ein einmaliges Kompendium der mitteleuropäischer Stadträume!

Architecture and society. --- Urban density. --- City planning. --- Environmental planning --- population density --- urbanization --- Demography --- Europe --- 711.4 --- 711.16 --- 711.64 --- Europa --- Berlin --- Berlijn --- München --- Duitsland --- Wien --- Wenen --- Oostenrijk --- Zürich --- Zwitserland --- Stedenbouw --- Stadsvernieuwing --- Densiteit --- Verdichting --- Cities and towns --- City planning --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Urban population density --- Architecture --- Architecture and sociology --- Society and architecture --- Sociology and architecture --- Planning --- Government policy --- Management --- Social aspects --- Land use --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Regional planning --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Population density --- Urban ecology (Sociology) --- Human factors