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This introduction into the multidisciplinary area of optofluidics offers the necessary foundations in photonics, polymer physics and process analytics to students, engineers and researchers to enter the field. All basic ingredients of a polymer-based platform as a foundation for quick and compact solutions for chemical, biological and medical sensing and manipulation are developed.

Optofluidics.

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Advanced Photonics Research is an international Open Access journal that publishes peer-reviewed articles presenting novel, significant and high-quality results in all areas of the thriving field of photonics and optics. Topics range from fundamental research in theory and experiment to applications, devices and systems, both in established and emerging fields. The journal aims to provide an international forum for communication through articles that advance photonics research in optics, physics, biophotonics, electrooptics, quantum photonics, on-chip photonics, nanophotonics, optofluidics, and engineering.

Photonics --- Photonics. --- New optics --- Optics --- photonics --- optics --- biophotonics --- electrooptics --- optofluidics

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The study and application of microscale lenses and lens arrays enjoys a long history. Advances in microfabrication technologies in the past few decades have enabled the design and fabrication of microlenses and microlens arrays through many different approaches. In recent years, there has been notably a host of exciting developments in the microlenses and microlens arrays, including tunable-focus ones, those fabricated on non-planar substrates and surfaces, and microlens arrays mimicking natural compound eyes, to name just a few. The developments in microlenses and microlens arrays have found profound applications in many engineering and biomedical fields, including but not limited to optical coherence tomography (OCT), endoscopy, photolithography, 3-dimensional imaging, optical communications, and lab on chips. This Special Issue aims to highlight the state of the art in the development of microlenses and microlens arrays; examples being fabrication technologies and optical characterizations. It also focuses on their applications when implemented in microoptical systems.

microcamera --- polymer --- variable-focus microlens --- electrowetting --- flexible substrate --- optical characterization --- micro imaging system --- artificial compound eye --- optical aberration --- microoptics --- liquid microlens --- photolithography --- optofluidics --- optical MEMS --- dielectrophoresis --- tunable-focus microlens --- microscopy --- fill factor --- focal length --- microlens --- liquid crystal --- microlens array --- Microfluidics. --- Fluidics --- Nanofluids

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Optofluidic devices are of high scientific and industrial interest in chemistry, biology, material science, pharmacy, and medicine. In recent years, they have experienced strong development because of impressive achievements in the synergistic combination of photonics and micro/nanofluidics. Sensing and/or lasing platforms showing unprecedented sensitivities in extremely small analyte volumes, and allowing real-time analysis within a lab-on-a-chip approach, have been developed. They are based on the interaction of fluids with evanescent waves induced at the surface of metallic or photonic structures, on the implementation of microcavities to induce optical resonances in the fluid medium, or on other interactions of the microfluidic systems with light. In this context, a large variety of optofluidic devices has emerged, covering topics such as cell manipulation, microfabrication, water purification, energy production, catalytic reactions, microparticle sorting, micro-imaging, or bio-sensing. Moreover, the integration of these optofluidic devices in larger electro-optic platforms represents a highly valuable improvement towards advanced applications, such as those based on surface plasmon resonances that are already on the market. In this Special Issue, we invited the scientific community working in this rapidly evolving field to publish recent research and/or review papers on these optofluidic devices and their applications.

opto-fluidics --- micro-manipulation --- cells --- microparticles --- electrowetting display --- aperture ratio --- driving waveform --- hysteresis characteristic --- ink distribution --- response speed --- optofluidics --- ocean monitoring --- colorimetric method --- optoelectrokinetics --- optically-induced dielectrophoresis --- micro/nanomaterials --- separation --- fabrication --- electro-fluidic display --- organic dye --- colored oil --- photo-stability --- micro-thermometry --- laser induced fluorescence --- droplet microfluidics --- zinc oxide --- rhodamine B --- rhodamine 6G --- photocatalysis --- microreactor --- photocatalytic water purification --- paper --- 3D hydrodynamic focusing --- optofluidic --- lab-on-a-chip --- biosensor --- microscale channel --- microfluidic --- liquid-core waveguide --- single layer --- reservoir effect --- sensor --- surface plasmon resonance --- nanohole array --- mechanical properties --- nanofluidic --- nanoplasmonic --- dissolved oxygen --- silver nanoprisms --- colorimetry --- n/a

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Optics and photonics are among the key technologies of the 21st century, and offer potential for novel applications in areas such as sensing and spectroscopy, analytics, monitoring, biomedical imaging/diagnostics, and optical communication technology. The high degree of control over light fields, together with the capabilities of modern processing and integration technology, enables new optical measurement systems with enhanced functionality and sensitivity. They are attractive for a range of applications that were previously inaccessible. This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of some of the most advanced application areas in optics and photonics and indicate the broad potential for the future.

optical --- electric-field --- sensor --- measurement --- transient voltage --- AC power grid --- Pockels effect --- dermatoscopy --- skin screening --- biomedical imaging --- fiber optic sensor --- Sagnac loop --- intensity-modulated --- DWDM --- strain sensor --- structural health monitoring (SHM) --- functionalized carbon structure (FCS) --- carbon reinforced concrete (CRC) --- fiber optic sensor (FOS) --- optical glass fiber --- wavefront sensor --- spatial light modulator --- contour-sum method --- topological charge --- orbital angular momentum --- optical coherence tomography --- Monte Carlo simulation --- structural imaging --- functional sensing --- optical scatterometry --- inverse problem --- profile reconstruction --- dependence analysis --- data refinement --- electro-optic dual-comb interferometry --- laser Doppler velocimetry --- Traceability --- sub-nanosecond laser --- high peak power --- Nd:YVO4 --- stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) --- thermal fracture --- wireless NoC (WiNoC) --- graphene based WiNoCs (GWiNoCs) --- wireless nanosensor networks (WNSNs) --- surface plasmon polariton (SPP) --- GFET --- multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) --- graphennas --- THz transceiver --- Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) --- Few-Mode Fiber (FMF) --- principle mode groups (PMG) --- Bragg grating (BG) --- multi-mode fiber bragg grating --- multi-parameter sensing --- DAS --- fiber optic sensing --- train tracking --- pattern recognition --- hybrid lens --- optical wireless communications --- Li-Fi --- freeform lens --- optic design --- rotary interfaces --- rotary joint --- wireless rotary electrical interface --- rotating electrical connectors --- full-duplex data transfer --- Gigabit-Ethernet --- industrial communications --- real-time --- pathogen detection --- microfluidics --- image processing --- computational algorithms --- integrated optics and photonics --- integrated polymer optics --- organic laser --- integration --- polymeric waveguide --- Lab-on-a-Chip --- fiber optical sensing --- biosensing --- optofluidics --- integrated optics and photoncis --- optical analytics --- medical imaging and diagnostics --- optical communication technology --- distributed sensing