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While there are many books available on statistical analysis of data from experiments, there is significantly less available on the design, development, and actual conduct of the experiments. Laboratory Experiments in the Social Sciences summarizes how to design and conduct scientifically sound experiments, be they from surveys, interviews, observations, or experimental methods. The book encompasses how to collect reliable data, the appropriate uses of different methods, and how to avoid or resolve common problems in experimental research. Case study examples illustrate how multiple
Social sciences --- Experimental design. --- Experiments. --- Sciences sociales --- Plan d'expérience --- Expériences. --- Plan d'expérience --- Expériences.
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La 4e de couv. indique : "Cet ouvrage didactique présente, sous forme de fiches, les principales techniques utilisées dans les laboratoires pour étudier le fonctionnement du vivant via les acides nucléiques. Après quelques définitions et généralités sur la structure des gènes, on y décrit les techniques de base en biologie moléculaire et génomique. Ces techniques consistent à extraire les acides nucléiques, à les découper, à récupérer des fragments d'intérêt et à les visualiser. Il s'agit également de les manipuler grâce aux techniques de clonage et de PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Parmi les applications, le séquençage est une technique qui a grandement évolué ces quinze dernières années et qui n'est toujours pas stabilisée : nous aborderons ici les techniques de séquençages actuellement commercialisées et accessibles via des plateformes publiques ou privées. Autre application majeure, la manipulation des gènes par transformation génétique et mutagenèse permet une étude fine de leur fonctionnement. Plusieurs techniques de transformation génétique existent dont la nouvelle technique d'édition des génomes (CRISPR-Cas9) qui est décrite dans cet ouvrage. Enfin, la plupart des approches font maintenant appel à des stratégies dites "haut débit". L'analyse des données ainsi générées nécessite de recourir à la bioanalyse et à la bioinformatique : cet ouvrage ne vise pas à donner toutes les bases de ces analyses, mais quelques explications y sont détaillées. Cette 3e édition revue et augmentée s'adresse aux étudiants et aux enseignants, ainsi qu'aux personnels travaillant dans les laboratoires manipulant les acides nucléiques."
Molecular biology --- Technique. --- Molecular Biology. --- Genetic Techniques. --- Biologie moléculaire --- Génétique moléculaire. --- Expériences. --- Molecular genetics --- Génétique moléculaire --- Biologie moléculaire végétale --- Technique
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Up-dated indispensable guide to handling and analysing data obtained from high-energy and nuclear physics experiments.
Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Nuclear physics --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Physics --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Experiments --- Data processing. --- Mathematical physics --- Particules (Physique nucléaire) --- Expériences --- Informatique.
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This book offers a comprehensive collection of introductory experiments in nuclear and cosmic ray physics utilizing Geiger counters. It features over 50 experiments with brief explanations of the physics involved, guidance on setting up educational and amateur experiments, and showcases actual results. The experiments cover the fundamentals of Geiger counters for detecting alpha, beta, gamma, and cosmic radiation, assessing detector performance, monitoring radiation in various environments and sources, conducting coincidence experiments, and applying counting statistics and analysis algorithms. Additionally, introductory chapters delve into radiation principles, interactions with matter, and the history of particle detectors, particularly Geiger counters. With the widespread availability of modern, affordable Geiger detectors and DIY devices, many experiments are suitable for high school and university students, aligning with modern physics curricula. The author has conducted some of these experiments himself over the past 20 years with third-year physics students. The book is also addressed to amateur scientists and a broad audience interested in exploring radiation phenomena. It features around 250 original illustrations and references to historical experiments and contemporary findings.
Geiger-Müller counters. --- Radioactivity --- Compteurs Geiger-Müller. --- Radioactivité --- Measurement --- Experiments. --- Mesure --- Expériences. --- Measurement. --- Radiation dosimetry. --- Physics. --- Nuclear physics. --- Radiation Dosimetry and Protection. --- Applied and Technical Physics. --- Nuclear and Particle Physics.
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Galileo and the Dutch telescope have long enjoyed a durable connection in the popular mind, transforming a rather modest middle-aged scholar into the icon of the Copernican Revolution. And yet the speed with which the telescope changed the course of Galileo's life and early modern astronomy obscures his actual delayed encounter with the instrument. This book considers the lapse between the telescope's 1608 creation in The Hague and Galileo's acquaintance with such news ten months later. Along the way, Reeves offers a revised chronology of Galileo's life in this critical period.
Astronomical instruments --- Telescopes --- Optical instruments --- Mirrors --- Science --- Astronomie --- Télescopes --- Optique --- Miroirs --- Sciences --- History --- Experiments --- Instruments --- Histoire --- Expériences --- Galilei, Galileo, --- Télescopes --- Expériences --- Aberration, Chromatic and spherical --- Looking-glasses --- Optics --- Astronomical telescopes --- Optical telescopes --- Telescope --- Astronomy --- Instruments, Astronomical --- Galileo Galilei --- Galilée --- Furniture --- Physical instruments --- Scientific apparatus and instruments --- Space optics
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Increasingly, political scientists use the term 'experiment' or 'experimental' to describe their empirical research. One of the primary reasons for doing so is the advantage of experiments in establishing causal inferences. In this book, Rebecca B. Morton and Kenneth C. Williams discuss in detail how experiments and experimental reasoning with observational data can help researchers determine causality. They explore how control and random assignment mechanisms work, examining both the Rubin causal model and the formal theory approaches to causality. They also cover general topics in experimentation such as the history of experimentation in political science; internal and external validity of experimental research; types of experiments - field, laboratory, virtual, and survey - and how to choose, recruit, and motivate subjects in experiments. They investigate ethical issues in experimentation, the process of securing approval from institutional review boards for human subject research, and the use of deception in experimentation.
Political science --- Thought experiments. --- Science politique --- Expériences de pensée --- Methodology. --- Research. --- Méthodologie --- Recherche --- #SBIB:32H3 --- #SBIB:303H13 --- Experiments, Thought --- Methodology --- Politieke wetenschappen: inleidende werken, handboeken, methoden --- Methoden en technieken: politieke wetenschappen --- Expériences de pensée --- Méthodologie --- Thought experiments --- Research --- Social Sciences --- Political Science
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This unique book is the first comprehensive guide to the discovery, analysis, and evaluation of natural experiments - an increasingly popular methodology in the social sciences. Thad Dunning provides an introduction to key issues in causal inference, including model specification, and emphasizes the importance of strong research design over complex statistical analysis. Surveying many examples of standard natural experiments, regression-discontinuity designs, and instrumental-variables designs, Dunning highlights both the strengths and potential weaknesses of these methods, aiding researchers in better harnessing the promise of natural experiments while avoiding the pitfalls. Dunning also demonstrates the contribution of qualitative methods to natural experiments and proposes new ways to integrate qualitative and quantitative techniques. Chapters complete with exercises and appendices covering specialized topics such as cluster-randomized natural experiments, make this an ideal teaching tool as well as a valuable book for professional researchers.
Social sciences --- Experimental design --- Experiments --- Research --- Experiments. --- Expériences --- Plan d'expérience --- Expériences --- Methods in social research (general) --- Experimental design. --- Sciences sociales --- Research. --- Recherche --- Experiment. --- Sozialwissenschaften. --- Social science research --- Design of experiments --- Statistical design --- Mathematical optimization --- Science --- Statistical decision --- Statistics --- Analysis of means --- Analysis of variance --- Methodology --- Science research --- Scientific research --- Information services --- Learning and scholarship --- Research teams --- Design. --- Methodology. --- Social Sciences --- Political Science --- Social sciences - Experiments --- Social sciences - Research
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The notion of the philosophical imaginary developed by Michéle Le Doeuff refers to the capacity to imagine as well as to the stock of images philosophers employ. Making use of this notion, Marguerite La Caze explores the idea of the imaginary of analytic philosophy. Noting the marked tendency of analytic philosophy to be unselfconscious about the use of figurative language and the levels at which it works, La Caze shows how analytic images can work to define the parameters of debates and exclude differing approaches, including feminist ones.La Caze focuses on five influential types of images in five central areas of contemporary analytic philosophy: analogies and how they are used in the abortion debates; thought experiments in personal identity; the myth of the social contract; Thomas Nagel's use of visual and spatial metaphors in epistemology; and Kendall Walton's use of children's games as a foundational model in aesthetics.The author shows how the image promotes assumptions and conceals tensions in philosophical works, how the image persuades, and how it limits debate and excludes ideas. In providing an analysis of and reflection on the nature of the analytic imaginary, La Caze suggests that a more open-ended and reflexive approach can result in richer, more fruitful, philosophical work.
Metaphor. --- Figures of speech. --- Thought experiments. --- Analysis (Philosophy) --- Parabole --- Figures of speech --- Reification --- English language --- Imagery --- Speech, Figures of --- Tropes --- Rhetoric --- Symbolism --- Experiments, Thought --- Methodology --- Analysis, Linguistic (Philosophy) --- Analysis, Logical --- Analysis, Philosophical --- Analytic philosophy --- Analytical philosophy --- Linguistic analysis (Philosophy) --- Logical analysis --- Philosophical analysis --- Philosophy, Analytical --- Language and languages --- Philosophy --- Logical positivism --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Philosophie analytique --- Expériences de pensée --- Figures de rhétorique --- Métaphore
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The book is based on a course in nuclear and particle physics that the author has taught over many years to physics students, students in nuclear engineering and students in biomedical engineering. It provides the basic understanding that any student or researcher using such instruments and techniques should have about the subject. After an introduction to the structure of matter at the subatomic scale, it covers the experimental aspects of nuclear and particle physics. Ideally complementing a theoretically-oriented textbook on nuclear physics and/or particle physics, it introduces the reader to the different techniques used in nuclear and particle physics to accelerate particles and to measurement techniques (detectors) in nuclear and particle physics. The main subjects treated are: interactions of subatomic particles in matter; particle accelerators; basics of different types of detectors; and nuclear electronics. The book will be of interest to undergraduates, graduates and researchers in both particle and nuclear physics. For the physicists it is a good introduction to all experimental aspects of nuclear and particle physics. Nuclear engineers will appreciate the nuclear measurement techniques, while biomedical engineers can learn about measuring ionising radiation, the use of accelerators for radiotherapy. What’s more, worked examples, end-of-chapter exercises, and appendices with key constants, properties and relationships supplement the textual material.
Nuclear physics --- Physique nucléaire --- Experiments --- Expériences --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Nuclear counters --- Radiation --- Technique --- Measurement --- Biomedical engineering. --- Experiments. --- Nuclear engineering. --- Nuclear physics. --- Nuclear physics -- Experiments. --- Particle acceleration. --- Physics. --- Physics --- Nuclear Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- 539.14 --- Nuclei --- Nuclear counters. --- Detektor. --- Elementarteilchenphysik. --- Kernphysik. --- Messtechnik. --- Technique. --- Measurement. --- 539.14 Nuclei --- Physique nucléaire --- Expériences --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVPHYSI SPRINGER-B --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Heavy ions. --- Hadrons. --- Physical measurements. --- Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons. --- Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics. --- Nuclear Engineering. --- Biomedical Engineering. --- Particle and Nuclear Physics. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Nuclear Energy. --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Medicine --- Acceleration (Mechanics) --- Acceleration --- Monograph --- Nuclear energy. --- Measurement . --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Technology --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Atomic energy --- Atomic power --- Energy, Atomic --- Energy, Nuclear --- Nuclear power --- Power, Atomic --- Power, Nuclear --- Force and energy --- Power resources --- Nuclear engineering --- Nuclear facilities --- Nuclear power plants --- Ions --- Nuclear physics - Technique --- Particles (Nuclear physics) - Technique --- Radiation - Measurement --- Nuclear physics - Experiments --- Particles (Nuclear physics) - Experiments --- Neutron --- Particle Physics --- Particle accelerator --- detector gas ionization --- electronics nuclear detector --- meassurement technique nuclear --- particle acceleration --- principle particle accelerator --- radiation matter --- subatomic poarticles --- textbook detector --- textbook nuclear experiments --- textbook nuclear physics --- textbook particle acceleration --- textbook particle physics
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