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Chemical Linkers in Antibody-Drug Conjugates aims to shine a detailed light on the various key attributes of chemical linkers in ADCs, for drug-to-antibody ratio, for stability, for release mechanism of payload, for pharmacokinetics, for stability determination, and for efficacy and safety.

Antibody-drug conjugates.

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Immunopharmacology --- Immunotoxicology --- Allergy and Immunology --- Immune System --- Pharmacology --- drug effects --- Immunotoxins --- Communicable Diseases --- Immunopharmacology. --- Immunotoxicology. --- Immunology. --- Pharmacology. --- Toxicology. --- Immunotoxins. --- Allergy and Immunology. --- Communicable Diseases. --- Immunologic toxicology --- Immunotoxicity --- Pharmacoimmunology --- Infectious Diseases --- Communicable Disease --- Disease, Communicable --- Disease, Infectious --- Diseases, Communicable --- Diseases, Infectious --- Infectious Disease --- Pharmacologies --- Pharmaceutical Preparations --- Allergy Specialty --- Allergy, Immunology --- Immunology and Allergy --- Immunology, Allergy --- Immunology --- Specialty, Allergy --- Affinotoxins --- Chimeric Toxin --- Immunotoxin --- Monoclonal Antibody-Toxin Conjugates --- Toxin Carrier --- Toxin Conjugate --- Antibody-Toxin Conjugates --- Antibody-Toxin Hybrids --- Chimeric Toxins --- Cytotoxin-Antibody Conjugates --- Targeted Toxins --- Toxin Carriers --- Toxin Conjugates --- Toxin-Antibody Conjugates --- Toxin-Antibody Hybrids --- Toxins, Chimeric --- Toxins, Targeted --- Antibody Toxin Conjugates --- Antibody Toxin Hybrids --- Antibody-Toxin Conjugates, Monoclonal --- Carrier, Toxin --- Carriers, Toxin --- Conjugate, Toxin --- Conjugates, Antibody-Toxin --- Conjugates, Cytotoxin-Antibody --- Conjugates, Monoclonal Antibody-Toxin --- Conjugates, Toxin --- Conjugates, Toxin-Antibody --- Cytotoxin Antibody Conjugates --- Hybrids, Antibody-Toxin --- Hybrids, Toxin-Antibody --- Monoclonal Antibody Toxin Conjugates --- Toxin Antibody Conjugates --- Toxin Antibody Hybrids --- Toxin, Chimeric --- pharmacology --- Immunopathology --- Toxicology --- Disease Outbreaks --- Disease Transmission, Infectious --- Recombinant Fusion Proteins --- Antibodies, Bispecific --- Affinotoxin --- Antibody-Toxin Conjugate --- Antibody-Toxin Hybrid --- Cytotoxin-Antibody Conjugate --- Monoclonal Antibody-Toxin Conjugate --- Targeted Toxin --- Toxin-Antibody Conjugate --- Toxin-Antibody Hybrid --- Antibody Toxin Conjugate --- Antibody Toxin Hybrid --- Antibody-Toxin Conjugate, Monoclonal --- Conjugate, Antibody-Toxin --- Conjugate, Cytotoxin-Antibody --- Conjugate, Monoclonal Antibody-Toxin --- Conjugate, Toxin-Antibody --- Cytotoxin Antibody Conjugate --- Hybrid, Antibody-Toxin --- Hybrid, Toxin-Antibody --- Monoclonal Antibody Toxin Conjugate --- Toxin Antibody Conjugate --- Toxin Antibody Hybrid --- Toxin, Targeted

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This book provides comprehensive up-to-date information on the structure and function of immunoglobulins. It describes the basic features of these molecules, which assists the reader in understanding how they function as an integral part of the immune system. The Immunoglobulins describes the localization and structure of different binding sites of immunoglobulin molecules, including the antigen-binding site, on the basis of latest x-ray crystallography studies. It discusses recently developed biotechnological methods that allow scientists to obtain fully active antibody molecules in

Immunoglobulins. --- Immune complexes. --- Antibody-antigen complexes --- Antigen-antibody complexes --- Antigens --- Immunoglobulins --- Antibodies --- Immune globulins --- Immune serum globulin --- Blood proteins --- Globulins --- Plasma cells --- Antibody diversity --- Bacterial immunoglobulin-binding proteins

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Influenza virus infections lead to thousands of deaths worldwide annually and billions of dollars economic burden. Despite continuing advances in our understanding of the immune evasion mechanism, the disease remains one of the foremost threat for human being. Traditional vaccines (attenuated and inactivated) mainly provide protection by inducing virus neutralizing antibodies, targeting ever changing surface antigens: Haemagultinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA). Due to genetic shift and immune selection pressure, prevalence of circulating influenza virus subtypes changes every year. Therefore, mismatch between circulating strain and vaccine strain can critically affect the success rate of these conventional flu vaccines, and requires continuous monitoring of circulating influenza virus subtypes and change in the vaccine formulations accordingly. The collective limitations of existing flu vaccines urgently call for the development of a novel universal vaccines that might provide the required protective immunity to a range of influenza virus subtypes. New approaches are being investigated mainly targeting conserved regions of flu proteins. Some of these approaches include universally conserved epitopes of HA, nucleoprotein (NP), capsid protein (M1) and ion channel protein (M2) that induced strong immune responses in animal models. Some attention and progress appears to be focused on vaccines based on the M2 ectodomain (M2e) employing a variety of constructs, adjuvants and delivery systems, including M2e-hepatitis B core antigen, flagellin constructs, and virus-like particles (VLP). Animal studies with these M2e candidate vaccines demonstrated that these vaccine candidates can prevent severe illness and death but not infection, which may pose difficulties in both the evaluation of clinical efficacy and approval by the regulatory authorities. VLP vaccines appear to be promising, but still are mostly limited to animal studies. The discovery and development of new and improved vaccines have been greatly facilitated by the application of new technologies. The use of nucleic acid-based vaccines, to combine the benefits of in-situ expression of antigens with the safety of inactivated and subunit vaccines, has been a key advancement. Upon their discovery more than 20 years ago, nucleic acid vaccines promised to be a safe and effective mean to mimic immunization with a live organism vaccine, particularly for induction of T cell immunity. In addition, the manufacturing of nucleic acid-based vaccines offered the potential to be relatively simple, inexpensive and generic. Reverse Vaccinology and in-silico designing of vaccines are very innovative approaches and being considered as future of vaccines. Furthermore, various immuno-therapeutic agents also being developed to treat and minimize immuno-pathological damage in patients suffering from life threatening complications. For the treatment of such pathological conditions, various novel approaches such as administration of immune suppressive cytokines, blocking co-stimulatory signals or activating co-inhibitory signal of T cell activation, are being tested both in lab and clinics. The Research Topic on influenza virus vaccine and therapeutics will give an insight in to the current status and future scope of these new innovative approaches and technologies. Moreover, these new methods will also serve as a reference tool for the development of future vaccines against several other pathogens.

T Cell Immunity --- Neutralization antibody --- Influenza Virus --- Vaccine --- Immunotherepy --- adjuvants

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This book summarizes the related research achievements in Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and their cell metabolism kinetics. The book has three main parts. The first part describes the basic theory of ADCs, including the basic concept and structure of ADCs, and the relationship between the targets of ADCs and their specific functions. The second part mainly introduces the endocytosis and intracellular metabolism of ADCs, including the relationship between endocytosis and ADC activity, the endocytosis and intracellular transport of ADCs, the distribution and metabolism of ADC in vivo. Then it discusses the new formats and research technology of ADCs, including the application of miniaturized antibodies in ADC synthesis, novel carriers for ADC design, the technology and application of site-specific conjugation, and approaches for analyzing the drug: antibody ratio (DAR), the study of pharmacokinetics of ADCs. This book combines the basic theory with the research technology. It can be used as a reference book for students, teachers and researchers of biomedical field.

Biology—Technique. --- Experimental immunology. --- Pharmaceutical chemistry. --- Medicine—Research. --- Biology—Research. --- Cytology. --- Clinical biochemistry. --- Immunological Techniques. --- Pharmaceutics. --- Biomedical Research. --- Cell Biology. --- Medical Biochemistry. --- Medical biochemistry --- Pathobiochemistry --- Pathological biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Pathology --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Chemistry, Medical and pharmaceutical --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Drug chemistry --- Drugs --- Medical chemistry --- Medicinal chemistry --- Pharmacochemistry --- Chemistry --- Immunology, Experimental --- Biology, Experimental --- Immunology --- Immunoconjugates. --- Immunotherapy. --- Immunologic Techniques. --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical. --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutic --- Pharmaceutic Chemistry --- Pharmaceutical Chemistry --- Medicinal Chemistry --- Chemistry, Medicinal --- Antibody Dissociation --- Immunologic Technic --- Immunologic Technics --- Immunologic Technique --- Immunological Technics --- Immunological Techniques --- Technic, Immunologic --- Technics, Immunologic --- Technique, Immunologic --- Techniques, Immunologic --- Antibody Dissociations --- Dissociation, Antibody --- Dissociations, Antibody --- Immunological Technic --- Immunological Technique --- Technic, Immunological --- Technics, Immunological --- Technique, Immunological --- Techniques, Immunological --- Allergy and Immunology --- Immunity --- Immunochemistry --- Immunotherapies --- Combined Antibody Therapeutics --- Immunity, Active --- Immunologic Techniques --- Antibody-Drug Conjugates --- Immunoconjugate --- Radioimmunoconjugate --- Antibody Drug Conjugate --- Antibody-Drug Conjugate --- Radioimmunoconjugates --- Antibody Drug Conjugates --- Conjugate, Antibody Drug --- Conjugate, Antibody-Drug --- Conjugates, Antibody-Drug --- Drug Conjugate, Antibody --- Molecular Targeted Therapy --- methods --- Antibody-drug conjugates. --- Antibody-toxin conjugates.