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"The island of Sicily was a highly contested area throughout much of its history. Among the first to exert strong influence on its political, cultural, infrastructural, and demographic developments were the two major decentralized civilizations of the first millennium BCE: the Phoenicians and the Greeks. While trade and cultural exchange preceded their permanent presence, it was the colonizing movement that brought territorial competition and political power struggles on the island to a new level. The history of six centuries of colonization is replete with accounts of conflict and warfare that include cross-cultural confrontations, as well as interstate hostilities, domestic conflicts, and government violence. This book is not concerned with realities from the battlefield or questions of military strategy and tactics, but rather offers a broad collection of archaeological case studies and historical essays that analyze how political competition, strategic considerations, and violent encounters substantially affected rural and urban environments, the island's heterogeneous communities, and their social practices. These contributions, originating from a workshop in 2018, combine expertise from the fields of archaeology, ancient history, and philology. The focus on a specific time period and the limited geographic area of Greek Sicily allows for the thorough investigation and discussion of various forms of organized societal violence and their consequences on the developments in society and landscape"--

Sicily (Italy) --- History --- Greeks --- Military archaeology --- Landscape archaeology --- Fortification --- Weapons, Ancient --- Material culture --- Phoenicians --- Antiquities --- Grecs --- History. --- Histoire. --- To 800

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More than 60 essays by major scholars in the field have been gathered to create the most up-to-date and complete book available on Levantine and Near Eastern archaeology. -- Publisher description.

Archéologie --- Antiquités --- Histoire. --- Archéologie --- Antiquités --- Archaeology --- History. --- Middle East --- Antiquities. --- Archeology --- Anthropology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Antiquities --- Archeologie --- Metal-work --- Weapons, Ancient --- Ceramics --- Jewelry --- Mosaics --- Scarabs --- Canaanites --- Synagogues --- Samaritans --- Funeral rites and ceremonies --- Burial --- Church buildings --- Iron age --- Bronze age --- Jewish art --- Hieroglyphics --- Semitic languages --- Archaeology and religion. --- Underwater archaeology --- Numismatics --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Architecture, Ancient --- Religion --- Technological innovations. --- Bible. --- Bible --- Alter Orient. --- Middle East. --- Mediterranean Sea. --- Israel. --- Moyen-Orient --- Israel --- Antiquites.

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More than 60 essays by major scholars in the field have been gathered to create the most up-to-date and complete book available on Levantine and Near Eastern archaeology. -- Publisher description.

Archaeology --- Archeology --- Anthropology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Antiquities --- History. --- Middle East --- Antiquities. --- Archäologie. --- Oudheid. --- Prehistorie. --- Archeologie. --- Weapons, Ancient. --- Underwater archaeology. --- Synagogues. --- Semitic languages. --- Scarabs. --- Samaritans. --- Numismatics. --- Mosaics. --- Metal-work. --- Jewish art. --- Jewelry. --- Iron age. --- Hieroglyphics. --- Funeral rites and ceremonies. --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Church buildings. --- Ceramics. --- Canaanites --- Burial. --- Bronze age. --- Architecture, Ancient. --- Archaeology and religion. --- Archaeology. --- Archeologie --- Metal-work --- Weapons, Ancient --- Ceramics --- Jewelry --- Mosaics --- Scarabs --- Synagogues --- Samaritans --- Funeral rites and ceremonies --- Burial --- Church buildings --- Iron age --- Bronze age --- Jewish art --- Hieroglyphics --- Semitic languages --- Underwater archaeology --- Numismatics --- Architecture, Ancient --- Religion. --- Technological innovations. --- Histoire. --- Religion --- Bible. --- Bible --- Alter Orient. --- Middle East. --- Mediterranean Sea. --- Israel. --- Moyen-Orient --- Israel --- Antiquites. --- Funerals --- Mortuary ceremonies --- Obsequies --- Manners and customs --- Rites and ceremonies --- Cremation --- Cryomation --- Dead --- Mourning customs --- Samaritan religion --- Samaritanism --- Jews --- Jewish architecture --- Religious institutions --- Temples --- Ethnology --- Semites --- Amulets, Egyptian --- Insect forms in art and archaeology --- Decoration and ornament --- Decorative arts --- Ceramic technology --- Industrial ceramics --- Keramics --- Building materials --- Chemistry, Technical --- Clay --- Ancient weapons --- Arms and armor, Ancient --- Metalwork --- Manufacturing processes --- Metals --- Archaeological specimens --- Artefacts (Antiquities) --- Artifacts (Antiquities) --- Specimens, Archaeological --- Material culture --- Religion and archaeology --- History, Ancient --- Archaeology, Submarine --- Marine archaeology --- Maritime archaeology --- Nautical archaeology --- Submarine archaeology --- Underwater exploration --- Marine archaeologists --- Afroasiatic languages --- Ideography --- Inscriptions --- Paleography --- Writing --- Picture-writing --- Art, Jewish --- Hebrew art --- Judaism and art --- Art --- Civilization --- Burial customs --- Burying-grounds --- Graves --- Interment --- Public health --- Coffins --- Grave digging --- Churches --- Buildings --- Church facilities --- Church architecture --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Jewellery --- Jewelry, Primitive --- Jewels --- Dress accessories --- Coloring --- Religious aspects --- Palestine --- Dawlat Isrāʼīl --- Država Izrael --- Dzi︠a︡rz︠h︡ava Izrailʹ --- Gosudarstvo Izrailʹ --- I-se-lieh --- Israele --- Isrāʼīl --- Isŭrael --- Isuraeru --- Izrael --- Izrailʹ --- Medinat Israel --- Medinat Yiśraʼel --- Stát Izrael --- State of Israel --- Yiselie --- Yiśraʼel --- Ισραήλ --- Израиль --- Государство Израиль --- Дзяржава Ізраіль --- Ізраіль --- מדינת ישראל --- ישראל --- إسرائيل --- دولة إسرائيل --- イスラエル --- 以色列 --- Mare Nostrum --- Orient --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, West --- Asia, Western --- East (Middle East) --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Mideast --- Near East --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Southwest Asia --- West Asia --- Western Asia --- Dzi͡arz͡hava Izrailʹ --- Eastern Mediterranean Region --- South West --- Asia --- Archaeology - Middle East - History. --- Middle East - Antiquities.

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Using a life-cycle model for Roman soldiers, Johan Nicolay interprets the large quantity of first-century finds as personal memorabilia brought home by ex-soldiers as a reminder of their twenty-five years of service and a symbol of their newly-acquired veteran status. Underpinning Nicolay's research is an extensive inventory of militaria from urban centers, rural settlements, rivers, and graves-presented in nearly one hundred individual color plates. Introducing a considerable body of unpublished data, as well as offering a perspective on daily life in the northern frontier of the Roman Empire, this volume is a valuable addition to Roman military and material history.

History of the Netherlands --- Archeology --- Polemology --- anno 1-499 --- Batavi (Germanic people). --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Weapons, Ancient --- Armor, Ancient --- Horses --- Romans --- Bataves --- Fouilles (Archéologie) --- Armes anciennes --- Armures anciennes --- Chevaux --- Romains --- Equipment and supplies --- Appareils et matériel --- Netherlands --- Rhine-Meuse Delta (Netherlands) --- Pays-Bas --- Rhin-Meuse, Delta (Pays-Bas) --- Antiquities, Roman. --- Antiquités romaines --- Batavi (Germanic people) --- Rhine-Meuse Delata (Netherlands --- Antiquities, Roman --- Fouilles (Archéologie) --- Appareils et matériel --- Antiquités romaines --- 15.34 classical archaeology. --- Armor, Ancient. --- Bataven. --- Excavations (Archaeology). --- Paardentuig. --- Romans. --- Wapenrusting. --- Weapons, Ancient. --- anno 1-499. --- Netherlands. --- Rijnland (regio). --- Rome (Empire). --- Equipment and supplies. --- Batavians --- Ethnology --- Germanic peoples --- Equus caballus --- Farriery --- Hippology --- Horse --- Domestic animals --- Equus --- Livestock --- Pachyderms --- Hinnies --- Mules --- Meuse-Rhine Delta (Netherlands) --- Meuse River Delta (Netherlands) --- Rhine River --- Rhine River Delta (Netherlands) --- Delta --- The Netherlands --- Países Baixos --- Holland --- Spanish Netherlands --- Pays-Bas espagnols --- Austrian Netherlands --- Pays-Bas autrichiens --- Oostenrijkse Nederlanden --- Southern Netherlands --- Pays-Bas méridionaux --- Zuidelijke Nederlanden --- Niderlandy --- Belanda --- Nederland --- Koninkrijk der Nederlanden --- Reino dos Países Baixos --- Royaume des Pays-Bas --- Kingdom of the Netherlands --- Países Bajos --- Holanda --- Nederlân --- Hulanda --- Beulanda --- Niderland --- Niderlande --- هولندا --- مملكة هولندا --- Mamlakat Hūlandā --- Olanda --- Payis-Bâs --- Países Baxos --- Aynacha Jach'a Markanaka --- Nirlan --- Niderland Krallığı --- Kē-tē-kok --- Landa --- Kerajaan Landa --- Нидерландтар --- Niderlandtar --- Нидерландтар Короллеге --- Niderlandtar Korollege --- Нідэрланды --- Каралеўства Нідэрланды --- Karaleŭstva Nidėrlandy --- Nederlands --- Niadaland --- Holandija --- Kraljevina Holandija --- Izelvroioù --- Нидерландия --- Niderlandii︠a︡ --- Кралство Нидерландия --- Kralstvo Niderlandii︠a︡ --- Països Baixos --- Нидерландсем --- Niderlandsem --- Нидерландсен Патшалăхĕ --- Niderlandsen Patshalăkhĕ --- Nizozemsko --- Paesi Bassi --- Regnu di i Paesi Bassi --- Iseldiroedd --- Nederlandene --- Niederlande --- Kéyah Wóyahgo Siʼánígíí --- Nižozemska --- Kralojstwo Nederlandow --- Madalmaad --- Ολλανδία --- Ollandia --- Hollandia --- Κάτω Χώρες --- Katō Chōres --- Βασίλειο των Κάτω Χωρών --- Vasileio tōn Katō Chōrōn --- Nederlando --- Reĝlando Nederlando --- Paisis Bajus --- Herbehereak --- Herbehereetako Erresumaren --- هلند --- Huland --- Niðurlond --- Háland --- Paîs Bas --- Neerlande --- Ísiltír --- Ríocht na hÍsiltíre --- Çheer Injil --- Çheer y Vagheragh --- Reeriaght ny Çheer Injil --- Tìrean Ìsle --- Hò-làn --- Недерлендин Нутг --- Nederlendin Nutg --- 네덜란드 --- Nedŏllandŭ --- Hōlani --- Nederlandia --- Pais Basse --- Regno del Paises Basse --- Нидерландтæ --- Niderlandtæ --- Нидерландты Къаролад --- Niderlandty Kʺarolad --- Konungsríkið Holland --- הולנד --- Holand --- ממלכת ארצות השפלה --- Mamlekhet Artsot ha-Shefelah --- Walanda --- Hollandi --- Нидерландла --- Niderlandla --- Нидерландланы Королевствосу --- Niderlandlany Korolevstvosu --- Néderlandzkô --- Нидерланд --- Iseldiryow --- Ubuholandi --- Ubuhorandi --- Nederilande --- Нидерланддар --- Niderlanddar --- Uholanzi --- Ufalme wa Nchi za Chini --- Нидерландъяс --- Niderlandʺi︠a︡s --- Нидерландъяс Корольув --- Niderlandʺi︠a︡s Korolʹuv --- Peyiba --- Holenda --- Keyatiya Nederlandan --- Payises Bashos --- פאייסיס באשוס --- Nīderlandeja --- Batavia --- Regni Nederlandiarum --- Nīderlandes Karaliste --- Nyderlandai --- Nyderlandų Karalystė --- Paixi Basci --- Paes Bass --- Ulanda --- Holland Királyság --- Keninkryk fan 'e Nederlannen --- Reino di Hulanda --- Холандија --- Кралство Холандија --- Kralstvo Holandija --- Pajjiżi l-Baxxi --- Hōrana --- Недерлатт --- Nederlatt --- Оцязорксши Недерлатт --- Ot︠s︡i︠a︡zorksshi Nederlatt --- Нидерландын Вант Улс --- Niderlandyn Vant Uls --- Tlanitlālpan --- Huēyitlahtohcāyōtl in Tlanitlālpan --- Eben Eyong --- Nederlaand --- オランダ --- Oranda --- オランダ王国 --- Oranda Ōkoku --- Ulanna --- Nethiland --- Nederlande --- Holandska --- Holland (Kingdom) --- Batavian Republic --- United Provinces of the Netherlands --- Rhine-Meuse Delata (Netherlands) --- Horses - Netherlands - Equipment and supplies --- Netherlands - Antiquities, Roman --- Rhine-Meuse Delata (Netherlands - Antiquities, Roman