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"In the early months of the German occupation during WWII, many of Europe's major cities witnessed anti-Jewish riots, anti-Semitic incidents, and even pogroms carried out by the local population. Who took part in these excesses, and what was their attitude towards the Germans? Were they guided or spontaneous? What part did the Germans play in these events and how did they manipulate them for their own benefit? Delving into the source material for Warsaw, Paris, The Hague, Amsterdam, Antwerp, and Kaunas, this study is the first to take a comparative look at these questions. Looking closely at events many would like to forget, the volume describes various characters and their stories, revealing some striking similarities and telling differences, while raising tantalising questions"--

Pogroms --- Jews --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Antisemitism --- Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Persecutions --- Atrocities --- Catastrophe, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Destruction of the Jews (1939-1945) --- Extermination, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Holocaust, Nazi --- Ḥurban (1939-1945) --- Ḥurbn (1939-1945) --- Jewish Catastrophe (1939-1945) --- Jewish Holocaust (1939-1945) --- Nazi Holocaust --- Nazi persecution of Jews --- Shoʾah (1939-1945) --- Genocide --- Kindertransports (Rescue operations) --- Massacres --- Nazi persecution --- Jewish resistance --- Holocaust, Nazi (Jewish Holocaust) --- Nazi Holocaust (Jewish Holocaust) --- Nazi persecution (1939-1945) --- Amsterdam --- Anti --- Antisemitismus --- Antwerp --- Einsatzgruppen --- Europe --- Ghetto --- Hague --- Holocaust --- Jewish --- Kaunas --- Occupied --- Paris --- Riots --- Szarota --- Threshold --- Warsaw --- BPB1702 --- Juif --- Crime contre l'humanité --- Guerre --- cogadh --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- zločin protiv čovječnosti --- zločin proti človečnosti --- crimen contra la humanidad --- noziegums pret cilvēci --- zbrodnia przeciwko ludzkości --- έγκλημα κατά της ανθρωπότητας --- krim kundër njerëzimit --- misdaad tegen de menselijkheid --- emberiség elleni bűncselekmény --- Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit --- crime împotriva umanității --- forbrydelse mod menneskeheden --- brott mot mänskligheten --- zločin proti ľudskosti --- crimine contro l'umanità --- crime contra a humanidade --- nusikaltimas žmogiškumui --- crime against humanity --- rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan --- trestný čin proti lidskosti --- reat kontra l-umanità --- inimsusvastane kuritegu --- престъпление против човечеството --- кривично дело против човештвото --- злочин против човечности --- coir in aghaidh an chine dhaonna --- a nemzetközi jog szerint bűncselekménynek minősülő cselekmény --- brott enligt internationell rätt --- zločin proti lidskosti --- rikos kansainvälisen oikeuden nojalla --- genocída --- folkmord --- crime de droit international --- zločin ve smyslu mezinárodního práva --- holokaust --- холокауст --- polttouhri --- genocide --- delito de Derecho internacional --- holocausto --- etnocidio --- геноцид --- tautos naikinimas --- genocidium --- emberiesség elleni bűncselekmény --- crime de direito internacional --- genocīds --- delitto contro l'umanità --- folkeretlig forbrydelse --- zločin podľa medzinárodného práva --- népirtás --- kansanmurha --- γενοκτονία --- folkrättsbrott --- кривични дела против човечноста и меѓународното право --- holokauszt --- Verstoß gegen das Völkerrecht --- krim sipas të drejtës ndërkombëtare --- génocide --- genocidas --- genocídio --- nusikaltimas tarptautinei teisei --- злостор против човештвото --- holocauste --- genocida --- crimine di diritto internazionale --- holokausts --- genocídium --- Völkermord --- noziegums, kas paredzēts starptautiskajās tiesībās --- olocausto --- rahvusvahelise õiguse vastane kuritegu --- folkedrab --- crimen de lesa humanidad --- holocaust --- Ολοκαύτωμα --- crime under international law --- Förintelsen --- genotsiid --- misdaad tegen het internationaal recht --- воено злосторство против цивилното население --- genocidio --- genocid --- έγκλημα Διεθνούς Δικαίου --- holokaustas --- jøde --- çifut --- jude --- židov --- εβραίος --- евреин --- ebrejs --- Jude --- Żydzi --- Lhudi --- žid --- jood --- evrei --- Žid --- Giúdach --- Евреин --- juut --- juutalainen --- žydas --- Јеврејин --- judío --- Jew --- judeu --- zsidó --- ebreo --- jiddis --- hebreo --- héber --- semita

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Using a new approach to ethnicity that underscores its relative territoriality, Zeynep Bulutgil brings together previously separate arguments that focus on domestic and international factors to offer a coherent theory of what causes ethnic cleansing. The author argues that domestic obstacles based on non-ethnic cleavages usually prevent ethnic cleansing whereas territorial conflict triggers this policy by undermining such obstacles. The empirical analysis combines statistical evaluation based on original data with comprehensive studies of historical cases in Central and Eastern Europe as well as Bosnia in the 1990s. The findings demonstrate how socio-economic cleavages curb radical factions within dominant groups whereas territorial wars strengthen these factions and pave the way for ethnic cleansing. The author further explores the theoretical and empirical extensions in the context of Africa. Its theoretical novelty and broad empirical scope make this book highly valuable to scholars of comparative and international politics alike.

Ethnicity --- Genocide --- Forced migration --- Human territoriality --- ethnic cleansing --- crime against humanity --- Central and Eastern Europe --- Czechoslovakia --- Poland --- Greece --- Bosnia and Herzegovina --- Africa --- Territorial behavior --- Territoriality, Human --- Ethnology --- Human geography --- Spatial behavior --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Compulsory resettlement --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Involuntary resettlement --- Migration, Forced --- Purification, Ethnic --- Relocation, Forced --- Resettlement, Involuntary --- Migration, Internal --- Ethnocide --- Crime --- Ethnic identity --- Group identity --- Cultural fusion --- Multiculturalism --- Cultural pluralism --- Aafrika --- Африка --- África --- Afrique --- Afrikka --- Afryka --- Afrika --- Āfrika --- Αφρική --- africké krajiny --- χώρες της Αφρικής --- африкански држави --- africké země --- país da África --- afrikanske lande --- Afrika országai --- African countries --- afrikanska länder --- vendet Afrikane --- país de África --- afričke zemlje --- paesi dell'Africa --- země Afriky --- Afrikas länder --- africké státy --- státy Afriky --- Afrikan maat --- afrikai országok --- Afrikos šalys --- pays africains --- paesi africani --- Aafrika riigid --- pays d'Afrique --- Länder Afrikas --- país africano --- Afrikaanse landen --- țări africane --- Afrikaans land --- afrikanische Länder --- afrikai államok --- αφρικανικές χώρες --- Bosnien och Hercegovina --- Bosnia y Herzegovina --- Bośnia i Hercegowina --- Босна и Херцеговина --- Bosna in Hercegovina --- il-Bożnja u Ħerzegovina --- Bosznia és Hercegovina --- Bosnje-Herzegovina --- Bosnia ja Hertsegoviina --- Bósnia e Herzegovina --- Bosnija un Hercegovina --- Bosnië-Herzegovina --- Bosnia ja Hertsegovina --- Bosnien-Hercegovina --- Bosnia-Erzegovina --- Bosna i Hercegovina --- Bosnia și Herțegovina --- Βοσνία-Ερζεγοβίνη --- Bosnien und Herzegowina --- Bosnija ir Hercegovina --- An Bhoisnia-Heirseagaivéin --- Bosna a Hercegovina --- Bosnie-Herzégovine --- Република Босна и Херцеговина --- Republika Bosny a Hercegoviny --- Republiek Bosnië-Herzegovina --- Republika Bosna a Hercegovina --- Bosnië en Herzegovina --- Bosnia-Hertsegovina --- Republika Bosna in Hercegovina --- Republiek Bosnië en Herzegovina --- República da Bósnia e Herzegovina --- Bosnien-Herzegowina --- Bosnia-Herzegovina --- Repubblica di Bosnia-Erzegovina --- Bosnie-et-Herzégovine --- Bosznia és Hercegovina Köztársaság --- Grieķija --- Graikija --- Kreeka --- Grécia --- Görögország --- Грчка --- Kreikka --- Grecia --- il-Greċja --- Грција --- Grécko --- Griechenland --- An Ghréig --- Grækenland --- Grèce --- Ελλάδα --- Grekland --- Greqia --- Grčija --- Grecja --- Griekenland --- Řecko --- Гърция --- Grčka --- Helénská republika --- Republica Elenă --- Helenska republika --- Република Грција --- Helenska Republika --- Kreeka Vabariik --- Hellenic Republic --- Görög Köztársaság --- Repubblica ellenica --- República Helénica --- Graikijos Respublika --- Helleense Republiek --- République hellénique --- Република Гърция --- Hellén Köztársaság --- Republiken Grekland --- Република Грчка --- Grčka Republika --- Řecká republika --- Republika Grčka --- Helénska republika --- Republika Helene --- Den Hellenske Republik --- Republika Grecka --- Helleenien tasavalta --- Kreikan tasavalta --- die Hellenische Republik --- Ελληνική Δημοκρατία --- ir-Repubblika Ellenika --- Grieķijas Republika --- Poľsko --- Lenkija --- Πολωνία --- Polónia --- Lengyelország --- Puola --- il-Polonja --- Polska --- Polonia --- Poola --- An Pholainn --- Полша --- Poljska --- Polen --- Полска --- Пољска --- Polija --- Pologne --- Polsko --- Polijas Republika --- Repubblica di Polonia --- Republica Polonă --- Δημοκρατία της Πολωνίας --- Republiek Polen --- Lenkijos Respublika --- Puolan tasavalta --- Република Пољска --- Lengyel Köztársaság --- Republikken Polen --- Rzeczpospolita Polska --- Poľská republika --- República de Polonia --- Република Полска --- Republiken Polen --- Република Полша --- República da Polónia --- Republic of Poland --- Republika Poljska --- Republika e Polonisë --- die Republik Polen --- Polská republika --- Poola Vabariik --- République de Pologne --- ir-Repubblika tal-Polonja --- Τσεχοσλοβακία --- Czechosłowacja --- Checoslováquia --- Tchécoslovaquie --- Cecoslovacchia --- Čehoslovačka --- Cehoslavacia --- Tjekkoslovakiet --- Tšekkoslovakia --- Csehszlovákia --- Чехословачка --- Ċekoslovakkja --- Checoslovaquia --- Čekoslovakija --- Čehoslovaška --- Tsjechoslowakije --- Tschechoslowakei --- Чехословакия --- Tjeckoslovakien --- Československo --- Çekosllovakia --- Tšehhoslovakkia --- Čehoslovākija --- Közép-Kelet-Európa --- Europa centrale e orientale --- L-Ewropa Ċentrali u tal-Lvant --- východní a střední Evropa --- Централна и Източна Европа --- Mittel- und Osteuropa --- Keski- ja Itä-Eurooppa --- Europa Central e Oriental --- Vidurio ir Rytų Europa --- Europa Środkowo-Wschodnia --- Средња и Источна Европа --- Централна и Источна Европа --- Central- och Östeuropa --- Oirthear agus Lár na hEorpa --- stredná a východná Európa --- srednja in vzhodna Evropa --- Europa qendrore dhe lindore --- Europa Centrală și de Est --- Midden- en Oost-Europa --- Europa Central y Oriental --- Central- og Østeuropa --- Europe centrale et orientale --- Viduseiropa un Austrumeiropa --- srednja i istočna Europa --- Κεντρική και Ανατολική Ευρώπη --- Ida- ja Kesk-Euroopa --- Europa Lindore --- Kelet-Európa --- Europa Central --- Centraleuropa --- Centroeuropa --- Источна Европа --- Austrumeiropa --- Itä- ja Keski-Eurooppa --- Източна Европа --- östra Europa --- Zentraleuropa --- Osteuropa --- Europa qendrore --- Oost-Europa --- Κεντρική Ευρώπη --- vzhodna Evropa --- srednja Evropa --- Europe de l'Est --- Midden-Europa --- srednja Europa --- Oirthear na hEorpa --- Europa del Este --- Europa orientale --- Central Europe --- Itä-Eurooppa --- Eastern Europe --- východná Európa --- východní Evropa --- središnja Europa --- Ida-Euroopa --- CEE --- Europa Oriental --- Vidurio Europa --- Europa Środkowa --- Europe orientale --- Europa Centrală --- Europa dell'Est --- Közép-Európa --- Europe centrale --- Lár na hEorpa --- Østeuropa --- L-Ewropa Ċentrali --- Europa centrale --- источноевропски земји --- Europa de Est --- Øst- og Centraleuropa --- střední Evropa --- Централна Европа --- Europa Wschodnia --- Kesk-Euroopa --- Ανατολική Ευρώπη --- Rytų Europa --- Centrāleiropa --- Kelet-Közép-Európa --- stredná Európa --- istočna Europa --- Centraal-Europa --- Mitteleuropa --- Keski-Eurooppa --- Östeuropa --- L-Ewropa tal-Lvant --- zločin protiv čovječnosti --- zločin proti človečnosti --- crimen contra la humanidad --- crime contre l'humanité --- noziegums pret cilvēci --- zbrodnia przeciwko ludzkości --- έγκλημα κατά της ανθρωπότητας --- krim kundër njerëzimit --- misdaad tegen de menselijkheid --- emberiség elleni bűncselekmény --- Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit --- crime împotriva umanității --- forbrydelse mod menneskeheden --- brott mot mänskligheten --- zločin proti ľudskosti --- crimine contro l'umanità --- crime contra a humanidade --- nusikaltimas žmogiškumui --- rikos ihmisyyttä vastaan --- trestný čin proti lidskosti --- reat kontra l-umanità --- inimsusvastane kuritegu --- престъпление против човечеството --- кривично дело против човештвото --- злочин против човечности --- coir in aghaidh an chine dhaonna --- a nemzetközi jog szerint bűncselekménynek minősülő cselekmény --- brott enligt internationell rätt --- zločin proti lidskosti --- rikos kansainvälisen oikeuden nojalla --- genocída --- folkmord --- crime de droit international --- zločin ve smyslu mezinárodního práva --- holokaust --- холокауст --- polttouhri --- genocide --- delito de Derecho internacional --- holocausto --- etnocidio --- геноцид --- tautos naikinimas --- genocidium --- emberiesség elleni bűncselekmény --- crime de direito internacional --- Holocaust --- genocīds --- delitto contro l'umanità --- folkeretlig forbrydelse --- zločin podľa medzinárodného práva --- népirtás --- kansanmurha --- γενοκτονία --- folkrättsbrott --- кривични дела против човечноста и меѓународното право --- holokauszt --- Verstoß gegen das Völkerrecht --- krim sipas të drejtës ndërkombëtare --- génocide --- genocidas --- genocídio --- nusikaltimas tarptautinei teisei --- злостор против човештвото --- holocauste --- genocida --- crimine di diritto internazionale --- holokausts --- genocídium --- Völkermord --- noziegums, kas paredzēts starptautiskajās tiesībās --- olocausto --- rahvusvahelise õiguse vastane kuritegu --- folkedrab --- crimen de lesa humanidad --- holocaust --- Ολοκαύτωμα --- crime under international law --- Förintelsen --- genotsiid --- misdaad tegen het internationaal recht --- воено злосторство против цивилното население --- genocidio --- genocid --- έγκλημα Διεθνούς Δικαίου --- holokaustas --- etnische zuivering --- εθνική εκκαθάριση --- ethnische Säuberung --- етничко чишћење --- etnisk rensning --- etnisk udrensning --- etničko čišćenje --- etnično čiščenje --- spastrim etnik --- pulizia etnica --- purificação étnica --- etnické čistky --- etninis valymas --- purificare etnică --- etnikai tisztogatás --- etniline puhastus --- tindif etniku --- етничко чистење --- etninen puhdistus --- purification ethnique --- limpieza étnica --- etnická čistka --- czystka etniczna --- етническо прочистване --- etniskā tīrīšana --- насилно протерување на припадниците на етничките малцинства --- etnický odsun --- vyhnání příslušníků národnostní menšiny --- násilný odsun etnika --- vyhnání etnika --- depuración étnica --- purga étnica --- Government policy --- Political aspects --- Europe, Eastern --- Europe, Central --- East Europe --- Ethnic relations --- Political aspects. --- Race relations --- An Afraic