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The well-known artist Georg Daniel Heumann (1691-1759), who came from Nuremberg, had been appointed as a university copper engraver at the Georgia Augusta in Göttingen in 1740. Because of his interest in itinerant street traders, he became the creator of the Göttingischen Ausruff, a series of prints of 30 artistic etchings. They are a valuable documentation of itinerant trade in a Lower Saxon agrarian town that was becoming a university town and where the traditional rural range of goods competed with the needs of a more sophisticated section of the population. With his excellent powers of observation and delight in detail, Heumann authentically captured the reality of life in Göttingen's street trading and the new ambience of the city. He did not depict types of street vendors, but individuals in their dress, body language, range of goods or services, Low German exclamations, and the way they transported and offered their wares. In the commentary, the editor presents the status of street trading within the Göttingen market regulations and the established guild system, which goods were desired and which were undesirable.Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

copper engravery --- itinerant street traders --- Göttingen

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In the early nineteenth century, both Britain and the United States had passed laws prohibiting further transatlantic slaving. Yet the trade covertly carried on. In the summer of 1813, near what is now Liberia, a compound of pens full to bursting with sick and anguished captives was guarded by other African slaves. As a British patrol swooped down on the illicit barracoon, the slavers burned the premises to the ground, hoping to destroy evidence. This story can be told because of an exceptional trove of court documents that provides unparalleled insight into one small link in the great, horrific chain of slavery. Emma Christopher follows a trail of evidence across four continents to examine the lives of this barracoon's owners, their workers, and their tragic human merchandise. She reveals how an American, Charles Mason, escaped justice; while Robert Bostock and John McQueen were taken prisoner and exiled to Australia. Later, when they appealed their arrest in court, British agents collected the testimony of five African men--Tamba, Tom Ball, Yarra, Noah, and Sessay--whose words bear witness on behalf of 233 nameless Africans liberated in the 1813 raid. These men, women, and children, who were relocated to Freetown, Sierra Leone, endured lives of "freedom" much harsher than we would like to imagine. From the fragmented facts of these lives, Christopher also sheds fascinating light on the early development of the nations of Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Australia and the role of former slaves in combatting the illegal trade.

Slaves --- Slave traders --- Slave trade --- Slave dealers --- Slavers --- Traders, Slave --- Persons --- Enslaved persons --- Slavery --- History. --- Enslavers

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"New manuscripts directly related to Canada's history rarely come to light. The Labrador Companion, written in 1810 by Captain George Cartwright (1739-1819), and discovered in 2013, is a fascinating and unusual find because of its level of detail, its setting in a hardly studied part of Britain's fur-trade empire, and because it is a personal account rather than a trade outfit ledger or government document."-- "This annotated edition transcribes The Labrador Companion in full. Cartwright documented the everyday work of Labrador's particular kind of fur-trade life based on his experiences operating a series of merchant stations in southern Labrador between 1770 and 1786. Although his focus is firmly on instruction in the manifold ways of capturing animals, he also provides rare glimpses of Innu and Inuit life as well as of housekeeping and gardening. The Labrador Companion includes a lengthy description of Labrador's fauna--of land, sea, and air--that accounts among Canada's earliest natural history writing based on first-hand observation. A revealing account of fur-trade-era technology, methods, and materials, conveyed through one man's acquired knowledge and skills, The Labrador Companion gives a close-to-the-ground picture of the resource industries that were at the heart of British, and French, colonial presence in the Canadian northeast."--

Fur traders --- History --- Cartwright, George, --- Labrador (N.L.)

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Slave traders --- Women --- History --- Luanda (Luanda, Angola) --- Economic conditions

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Between 1500 and 1850, European traders shipped hundreds of thousands of African, Indian, Malagasy, and Southeast Asian slaves to ports throughout the Indian Ocean world. The activities of the British, Dutch, French, and Portuguese traders who operated in the Indian Ocean demonstrate that European slave trading was not confined largely to the Atlantic but must now be viewed as a truly global phenomenon. European slave trading and abolitionism in the Indian Ocean also led to the development of an increasingly integrated movement of slave, convict, and indentured labor during the late eighteent

Slave trade --- Slave traders --- Slave dealers --- Slavers --- Traders, Slave --- Persons --- History. --- POLITICAL SCIENCE --- SOCIAL SCIENCE --- Slave trade. --- Slave traders. --- Public Policy --- Cultural Policy. --- Anthropology --- Cultural. --- Popular Culture. --- History --- Europe. --- Indian Ocean Region. --- Enslavers