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Test bias. --- Examinations --- Test results --- Test validity --- Validity of examinations --- Bias in tests --- Prejudice in testing --- Discrimination in education --- Educational tests and measurements --- Validity. --- Interpretation --- Validity --- Test fairness

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The Role of Assessment in Schools looks at the conceptual aspects of tests and testing and also gives practical guidelines on how to use tests to their best effect. It provides a wide-ranging discussion of the development of tests, the types and scope of tests, their application and interpretation, and answers questions such as: Who wants testing? Is the test appropriate? Is the test biased? Are the results consistent?

Educational tests and measurements. --- Examinations --- Interpretation of examinations --- Test interpretation --- Test results --- Test construction --- Test design --- Educational assessment --- Educational measurements --- Mental tests --- Tests and measurements in education --- Psychological tests for children --- Psychometrics --- Students --- Psychological tests --- Design and construction. --- Interpretation. --- Validity --- Rating of

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This open access book examines the challenges and issues caused by a move to a marketized education system in Sweden. Observing the introduction of the school voucher system and a postmodern social constructivist view of knowledge, the move away from objective knowledge is identified as the core reason for Sweden’s current education crisis. The impact of declining education standards on the labor market is also discussed. This book highlights the issues seen in Sweden and suggests policies that can improve education in the rest of the Western world as well. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in education and labor economics. .

Economics --- Labour economics --- Political economy --- Swedish Educational System --- Educational Performance in Swedish Schools --- Marketized Education --- Test Results and National Economic Performance --- Dysfunctional work environment --- Fragmentation of the Swedish School System --- Open Access --- Education --- Labor economics. --- Economics. --- Education Economics. --- Labor Economics. --- Political Economy and Economic Systems. --- Economic aspects. --- Economic theory --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Education and state --- Educational change --- Privatization in education --- Standards

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Score reporting research is no longer limited to the psychometric properties of scores and subscores. Today, it encompasses design and evaluation for particular audiences, appropriate use of assessment outcomes, the utility and cognitive affordances of graphical representations, interactive report systems, and more. By studying how audiences understand the intended messages conveyed by score reports, researchers and industry professionals can develop more effective mechanisms for interpreting and using assessment data.Score Reporting Research and Applications brings together experts who design and evaluate score reports in both K-12 and higher education contexts and who conduct foundational research in related areas. The first section covers foundational validity issues in the use and interpretation of test scores; design principles drawn from related areas including cognitive science, human-computer interaction, and data visualization; and research on presenting specific types of assessment information to various audiences. The second section presents real-world applications of score report design and evaluation and of the presentation of assessment information. Across ten chapters, this volume offers a comprehensive overview of new techniques and possibilities in score reporting.

Educational tests and measurements --- Examinations --- Grading and marking (Students) --- Evaluation. --- Validity. --- Graded schools --- Marking (Students) --- Students --- School reports --- Test results --- Test validity --- Validity of examinations --- Grading and marking --- Interpretation --- Rating of --- Educational tests and measurements - Evaluation --- Examinations - Validity --- Andrew Krumm --- April L. Zenisky --- Francis O'Donnell --- Gautam Puhan --- Gavin T. L. Brown --- John A. C. Hattie --- Linda Corrin --- Lisa A. Keller --- Marc Silver --- Mary Hegarty --- Mingyu Feng --- Priya Kannan --- Rebecca Zwick --- Richard J. Tannenbaum --- Ronald K. Hambleton --- Samuel A. Livingston --- Sandip Sinharay --- Sharon Slater --- Shelby J. Haberman --- Shuchi Grover --- Stephen G. Sireci --- Timothy M. O'Leary --- Yooyoung Park

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This book describes how to use test equating methods in practice. The non-commercial software R is used throughout the book to illustrate how to perform different equating methods when scores data are collected under different data collection designs, such as equivalent groups design, single group design, counterbalanced design and non equivalent groups with anchor test design. The R packages equate, kequate and SNSequate, among others, are used to practically illustrate the different methods, while simulated and real data sets illustrate how the methods are conducted with the program R. The book covers traditional equating methods including, mean and linear equating, frequency estimation equating and chain equating, as well as modern equating methods such as kernel equating, local equating and combinations of these. It also offers chapters on observed and true score item response theory equating and discusses recent developments within the equating field. More specifically it covers the issue of including covariates within the equating process, the use of different kernels and ways of selecting bandwidths in kernel equating, and the Bayesian nonparametric estimation of equating functions. It also illustrates how to evaluate equating in practice using simulation and different equating specific measures such as the standard error of equating, percent relative error, different that matters and others.

Examinations --- Educational tests and measurements --- Scoring. --- Interpretation. --- Standards. --- Educational assessment --- Educational measurements --- Mental tests --- Tests and measurements in education --- Interpretation of examinations --- Test interpretation --- Test results --- Remote scoring of examinations --- Scoring of examinations --- Self-scoring of examinations --- Test scoring --- Education. --- Assessment. --- Statistics. --- Psychometrics. --- Assessment, Testing and Evaluation. --- Statistics for Social Science, Behavorial Science, Education, Public Policy, and Law. --- Psychological tests for children --- Psychometrics --- Students --- Psychological tests --- Rating of --- Validity --- Educational tests and measuremen. --- Statistics for Social Sciences, Humanities, Law. --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Measurement, Mental --- Measurement, Psychological --- Psychological measurement --- Psychological scaling --- Psychological statistics --- Psychology --- Psychometry (Psychophysics) --- Scaling, Psychological --- Scaling (Social sciences) --- Measurement --- Scaling --- Methodology --- Statistics . --- R (Computer program language). --- GNU-S (Computer program language) --- Domain-specific programming languages --- Educational tests and measurements. --- Social sciences --- Assessment and Testing. --- Statistics in Social Sciences, Humanities, Law, Education, Behavorial Sciences, Public Policy. --- Statistical methods.