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Governments increasingly offer or demand apologies for past human rights abuses, and it is widely believed that such expressions of contrition are necessary to promote reconciliation between former adversaries. The post-World War II experiences of Japan and Germany suggest that international apologies have powerful healing effects when they are offered, and poisonous effects when withheld. West Germany made extensive efforts to atone for wartime crimes-formal apologies, monuments to victims of the Nazis, and candid history textbooks; Bonn successfully reconciled with its wartime enemies. By contrast, Tokyo has made few and unsatisfying apologies and approves school textbooks that whitewash wartime atrocities. Japanese leaders worship at the Yasukuni Shrine, which honors war criminals among Japan's war dead. Relations between Japan and its neighbors remain tense.Examining the cases of South Korean relations with Japan and of French relations with Germany, Jennifer Lind demonstrates that denials of past atrocities fuel distrust and inhibit international reconciliation. In Sorry States, she argues that a country's acknowledgment of past misdeeds is essential for promoting trust and reconciliation after war. However, Lind challenges the conventional wisdom by showing that many countries have been able to reconcile without much in the way of apologies or reparations. Contrition can be highly controversial and is likely to cause a domestic backlash that alarms-rather than assuages-outside observers. Apologies and other such polarizing gestures are thus unlikely to soothe relations after conflict, Lind finds, and remembrance that is less accusatory-conducted bilaterally or in multilateral settings-holds the most promise for international reconciliation.
Apologizing --- Reconciliation --- Reparations for historical injustices. --- Political aspects. --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Peace making --- Peacemaking --- Reconciliatory behavior --- Apology (Psychology) --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Quarreling --- Social interaction
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Reparations for historical injustices --- Genocide. --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Ethnocide --- Purification, Ethnic --- Crime --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Namibia --- History --- History.
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In Justice Back and Forth, award-winning author Richard Vernon explores the possibility of justice in cases where time makes reciprocity impossible. This "temporal justice" is examined in ten controversial cases.
Justice. --- Reparations for historical injustices. --- Intergenerational relations. --- Intergenerational relationships --- Relations, Intergenerational --- Relationships, Intergenerational --- Interpersonal relations --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Injustice --- Conduct of life --- Law --- Common good --- Fairness
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Overcoming Historical Injustices is the last entry in Gibson's 'overcoming trilogy' on South Africa's transformation from apartheid to democracy. Focusing on the issue of historical land dispossessions - the taking of African land under colonialism and apartheid - this book investigates the judgements South Africans make about the fairness of their country's past. Should, for instance, land seized under apartheid be returned today to its rightful owner? Gibson's research zeroes in on group identities and attachments as the thread that connects people to the past. Even when individuals have experienced no direct harm in the past, they care about the fairness of the treatment of their group to the extent that they identify with that group. Gibson's analysis shows that land issues in contemporary South Africa are salient, volatile, and enshrouded in symbols and, most important, that interracial differences in understandings of the past and preferences for the future are profound.
Land reform --- Land tenure --- Reparations for historical injustices --- Law and legislation --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Agrarian reform --- Economic policy --- Land use, Rural --- Social policy --- Agriculture and state --- Social Sciences --- Political Science
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With the Holocaust resonating as the "thick background," historical redress processes in Israel render a particularly challenging case. The simultaneous concern the Jewish community has with past, present and future redress campaigns, as both victim and perpetrator, is unique. Who is Afraid of Historical Redress analyzes three cases of historical redress in Israel: the Yemeni children affair, the tinea capitis irradiations and the claims for the return of native land of the two Christian Palestinian villages of Iqrit and Bir'em. All three cases were redressed under the juridical edifice of legal thought and action. The outcomes suggest that these processes were insufficient for achieving closure by the victims, atonement by those responsible and reconciliation among social groups.
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Reparations for historical injustices. --- Reconstruction (1939-1951) --- Reparations for historical injustices --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Reparations. --- Economic aspects
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This book focusses on the several forms of reconstructing the slave past in the present. The recent emergence of the memory of slavery allows those who are or who claim to be descendents of slaves to legitimize their demand for recognition and for reparations for past wrongs. Some reparation claims encompass financial compensation, but very often they express the need for memorialization through public commemoration, museums, and monuments. In some contexts, presentification of the slave past...
Slavery. --- Reparations for historical injustices. --- Apologizing --- Apology (Psychology) --- Social interaction --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Abolition of slavery --- Antislavery --- Enslavement --- Mui tsai --- Ownership of slaves --- Servitude --- Slave keeping --- Slave system --- Slaveholding --- Thralldom --- Crimes against humanity --- Serfdom --- Slaveholders --- Slaves --- Political aspects. --- Enslaved persons
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Should contemporary citizens provide material redress to right past wrongs?. There is a widespread belief that contemporary citizens should take responsibility for rectifying past wrongs. Nahshon Perez challenges this view, questioning attempts to aggregate dead wrongdoers with living people, and examining ideas of intergenerational collective responsibility with great suspicion. He distinguishes sharply between those who are indeed unjustly enriched by past wrongs, and those who are not. Looking at issues such as the distinction between compensation and restitution, counterfactuals and the no
Reparations for historical injustices. --- Intergenerational relations. --- Restorative justice. --- Balanced and restorative justice --- BARJ (Restorative justice) --- Community justice --- Restorative community justice --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Reparation (Criminal justice) --- Intergenerational relationships --- Relations, Intergenerational --- Relationships, Intergenerational --- Interpersonal relations --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice
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Reparations of Nazi Victims in Postwar Europe traces reparations back to their origins in the final years of the Second World War, when victims of Nazi persecution for the first time articulated demands for indemnification en masse. Simultaneous appearance of claims in New York, London, Paris and Tel Aviv exemplified the birth of a new standard in political morality. Across Europe, the demand for compensation to individuals who suffered severe harm gained momentum. Despite vast differences in their experiences of mass victimisation, post-war societies developed similar patterns in addressing victims' claims. Regula Ludi chronicles the history of reparations from a comparative and trans-national perspective. This book explores the significance of reparations as a means to provide victims with a language to express their unspeakable suffering in a politically meaningful way.
World War, 1939-1945 --- Reparations for historical injustices --- War victims --- Humanitarian conventions --- War relief --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Reconstruction (1939-1951) --- Reparations. --- Claims. --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Law and legislation --- Confiscations and contributions --- Destruction and pillage --- Economic aspects --- Arts and Humanities --- History
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In this book, James Gallen provides an in-depth evaluation of the responses of Western States and churches to their historical abuses from a transitional justice perspective. Using a comparative lens, this book examines the application of transitional justice to address and redress the past in Ireland, Australia, Canada, the United States and United Kingdom. It evaluates the use of public inquiries and truth commissions, litigation, reparations, apologies, and reconciliation in each context to address these abuses. Significantly, this novel analysis considers how power and public emotions influence, and often impede, transitional justice's ability to address historical-structural injustices. In addressing historical abuses, power fails to be redistributed and national and religious myths are not reconsidered, leading Gallen to conclude that the existing transitional justice efforts of states and churches remain an unrepentant form of justice. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Church and state --- Reparations for historical injustices --- Transitional justice --- Justice --- Human rights --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Christianity and state --- Separation of church and state --- State and church --- State, The
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The debate over reparations, whether African-Americans should be compensated for decades of racial subjugation, stands as a racially divisive issue in American politics. This work regards the debate over reparations since the 1700s. It examines the arguments and offers a historical and legal perspective for advocates and critics alike.
African Americans --- Compensation (Law) --- Reparations for historical injustices. --- Restorative justice. --- Balanced and restorative justice --- BARJ (Restorative justice) --- Community justice --- Restorative community justice --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Reparation (Criminal justice) --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Jim Crow laws --- Reparations to African Americans --- Reparations for historical injustices --- Reparations. --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Claims --- African Americans Legal status, laws, etc.
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