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Though at first it may seem to deal with rather specific questions concerning rhetoric, Plato’s Gorgias turns out to be about human life, and what is at stake in it. This apparent “change of subject” – or rather this ambiguity in the dialogue’s subject matter – has to do with the fact that the Gorgias is very much like a labyrinth: puzzling, intricate, made of multiple meandering paths in which one can easily get lost, and full of deviations which turn this way and that, of entrances that seem to be dead ends, and of dizzying turns that distort all sense of direction.

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Posidonius was a major intellectual figure of the Hellenistic world whose interests and contribution spread over the whole intellectual field: philosophy, history, the sciences. His writings are of interest not only to philosophers and classicists, but also to historians and history of science. His work survives only in fragments. The text of these fragments, collected and edited by L. Edelstein and I. G. Kidd, was published in 1972 (Vol. I The Fragments), with a second edition in 1989. This collection, along with Vol. II The Commentary by I.G. Kidd (1988), has become established as the definitive modern edition. However, many of the fragments are extremely difficult to translate, and this volume of translations has been compiled to make this interesting material more easily accessible to scholars and students. The translations are accompanied by contextual introductions and explanatory notes where necessary. An Introduction summarises the importance of Posidonius and his work.

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The Shorter REP presents the very best of the acclaimed ten volume Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy in a single volume. It makes a selection of the most important entries available for the first time and covers all you need to know about philosophy, from Aristotle to Wittgenstein and animals and ethics to scientific method.Comprising over 900 entries and covering the major philosophers and philosophical topics, The Shorter REP includes the following special features: Unrivalled coverage of major philosophers, themes, movements and periods makin

Philosophy

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“Segundo o próprio autor, Cícero, “as Discussões Tusculanas […] tratavam dos fundamentos da vida feliz: a primeira sobre o desprezo da morte, a segunda sobre suportar a dor, a terceira sobre mitigar a dor, a quarta sobre as perturbações psicológicas e a quinta sobre a coroa de toda a filosofia: a afirmação (estoica) de que a virtude é em si mesma suficiente para a vida feliz”. Neste livro, Cícero revela a objetividade prática, um traço característico da Weltanschauung romana. Não se debruça sobre questões metafísicas; aborda temas que inquietam qualquer vivente, perplexo ante problemas inevitáveis e sem soluções visíveis: a morte, a dor física, o sofrimento moral, a busca de felicidade, o beate vivere.”

Philosophy