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Parasitoids are parasitic insects that kill their insect hosts in immature pre-reproductive stages. Parasitoids are employed in biological control programs worldwide to kill insect pests and are environmentally safe and benign alternatives to chemical pesticides. As resistance to chemical pesticides continues to escalate in many pest populations, attention is now refocusing on biologically-based strategies to control pest species in agriculture and forestry as well as insect vector populations that transmit human and animal diseases. Parasitoids are an economically critical element in this

Parasitoids --- DNA viruses. --- Viruses. --- Deoxyribonucleic acid viruses --- Viruses, DNA --- Viruses --- Insect parasitoids --- Parasitoid insects --- Parasitic insects

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Egg Parasitoids in Agroecosystems with emphasis on Trichogramma was conceived to help in the promotion of biological control through egg parasitoids by providing both basic and applied information. The book has a series of chapters dedicated to the understanding of egg parasitoid taxonomy, development, nutrition and reproduction, host recognition and utilization, and their distribution and host associations. There are also several chapters focusing on the mass production and commercialization of egg parasitoids for biological control, addressing important issues such as parasitoid quality control, the risk assessment of egg parasitoids to non-target species, the use of egg parasitoids in integrated pest management programs and the impact of GMO on these natural enemies. Chapters provide an in depth analysis of the literature available, are richly illustrated, and propose future trends. The large number of contributors in several fields of Entomology makes this book the most comprehensive source of information for students and researchers working on egg parasitoids, biological control practitioners interested in applying these natural enemies in biocontrol programs or business managers focused in their mass production and commercialization.

Insect pests -- Biological control. --- Parasitoids -- Biological control. --- Trichogramma. --- Parasitoids --- Biological pest control agents --- Trichogramma --- Zoology --- Agriculture --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Plant Sciences --- Invertebrates & Protozoa --- Biological control --- Trichogrammatidae. --- Insect pests --- Insect pests. --- Agricultural ecology. --- Research. --- Parasites. --- Agroecology --- Destructive insects --- Economic entomology --- Entomology, Economic --- Injurious insects --- Insects, Injurious and beneficial --- Insect parasitoids --- Parasitoid insects --- Ecology --- Life sciences. --- Agriculture. --- Animal ecology. --- Microbiology. --- Entomology. --- Life Sciences. --- Animal Ecology. --- Trichogrammatidae --- Parasitic insects --- Permaculture --- Arthropod pests --- Insects --- Veterinary entomology --- Chalcid wasps --- Hymenoptera --- Environmental aspects --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Microbial biology --- Biology --- Microorganisms --- Animals

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For most, the mere mention of lice forces an immediate hand to the head and recollection of childhood experiences with nits, medicated shampoos, and traumatic haircuts. But for a certain breed of biologist, lice make for fascinating scientific fodder, especially enlightening in the study of coevolution. In this book, three leading experts on host-parasite relationships demonstrate how the stunning coevolution that occurs between such species in microevolutionary, or ecological, time generates clear footprints in macroevolutionary, or historical, time. By integrating these scales, Coevolution of Life on Hosts offers a comprehensive understanding of the influence of coevolution on the diversity of all life. Following an introduction to coevolutionary concepts, the authors combine experimental and comparative host-parasite approaches for testing coevolutionary hypotheses to explore the influence of ecological interactions and coadaptation on patterns of diversification and codiversification among interacting species. Ectoparasites-a diverse assemblage of organisms that ranges from herbivorous insects on plants, to monogenean flatworms on fish, and feather lice on birds-are powerful models for the study of coevolution because they are easy to observe, mark, and count. As lice on birds and mammals are permanent parasites that spend their entire lifecycles on the bodies of their hosts, they are ideally suited to generating a synthetic overview of coevolution-and, thereby, offer an exciting framework for integrating the concepts of coadaptation and codiversification.

Coevolution. --- Lice. --- Parasites. --- hosts, parasites, ecology, science, biology, history, lice, coevolution, ectoparasites, diversification, codiversification, interactions, adaptation, evolution, herbivorous insects, plants, fish, monogenean flatworms, birds, parasitoids, competition, dispersal, cophylogenetics, darwin, dobzhansky, wright, community, macroevolution, entomology, nonfiction.

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This manual aims to make information resources and technical advice available in order to support the deployment of biopesticides, which include microbials (e.g. bacteria, algae, protozoa, viruses and fungi), macrobials (e.g. predatory insects, parasitoids and beneficial nematodes), botanicals, and semiochemicals. It is intended to be a one-stop shop to address the information needs of the key groups who are responsible for selecting, sourcing and using biopesticides in the tobacco production system. Chapter 2 provides information for decision makers to support selection of biopesticide active substances. It also provides guidelines for trial managers on experimental design, data collection and reporting. Chapter 3 provides guidance for sourcing biopesticides. It also includes manuals for the local production of three types of biopesticide: Trichogramma; neem [Azadirachta indica]; and fungal biopesticides such as Trichoderma. Chapter 4 presents training materials to provide an overview of biopesticides in general together with detailed information on how to work with the key biopesticides that have already been used successfully to manage key pests in tobacco.

biological control agents --- Solanales --- arthropods --- insect nematodes --- eudicots --- aquatic species --- entomopathogens --- botanical pesticides --- tobacco --- animals --- Solanaceae --- pest control --- beneficial organisms --- entomophilic nematodes --- eukaryotes --- predacious insects --- Nicotiana --- data logging --- plant pests --- biocontrol agents --- biological control --- insects --- information services --- information sources --- plot design --- decision making --- parasitoids --- manuals --- pests --- handbooks --- pathogens --- plants --- aquatic organisms --- semiochemicals --- experimental design --- aquatic plants --- biocontrol --- predators --- predatory insects --- data collection --- nematodes --- natural enemies --- beneficial species --- biological control organisms --- angiosperms --- parasites --- Hexapoda --- Spermatophyta --- choice --- predaceous insects --- invertebrates

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This book is a Special Issue on "Selected Papers from the 1st International Electronic Conference on Entomology". It contains 1 editorial, 19 research papers and 2 review papers. The contributors come from 23 different countries around the world.

Insects (entomology) --- Aspergillus flavus --- aflatoxin B1 --- maize flour --- Tribolium castaneum --- food safety --- Cysteochila lineata --- DNA barcoding --- Neoplerochila paliatseasi --- Olea europaea --- Plerochila australis --- Acyrthosiphon pisum --- Therioaphis trifolii --- Aphis craccivora --- Coccinella septempunctata --- Hippodamia variegata --- population dynamics --- numerical responses --- molecular markers --- Pseudococcus --- Maconellicoccus hirsutus --- mealybug --- cacao --- Badnavirus --- virus vector --- Florida --- anthranilic diamide --- concrete surface --- insect --- mite --- pests --- Alientoma --- alien species --- invasive species --- citizen science --- public engagement --- Greece --- Drosophila melanogaster --- Drosophila subobscura --- egg-to-adult viability --- developmental time --- microbiota diversity --- lead exposure --- adaptation --- Anoplura --- Echinophthiriidae --- extreme environments --- distribution --- range --- dispersal --- South Siberia --- dynamics --- population --- plant protection --- outbreak --- Italian locust --- Corythucha ciliata --- mtDNA --- COI fragment length --- population genetics --- phylogeny --- invasive insect --- D. subobscura --- desiccation resistance --- starvation resistance --- chill coma recovery time --- heat knock-down resistance --- global warming --- life history --- laboratory evolution --- D. obscura --- Cyt b gene --- viability --- sex-ratio --- intra-population variation --- Chamaemyiidae --- Margarodidae --- voltinism --- egg development --- micromulsion --- postharvest pest --- grain coating --- essential oil --- stored-product pest --- taxonomy --- taxonomic impediment --- Aphidiinae --- parasitoids --- omnivorous predator --- Nesidiocoris tenuis --- Dicyphus cerastii --- plant damage --- zoophytophagy --- fruit injury --- protected crops --- biological control --- tomato --- honey bee --- microsatellite --- genetic diversity --- Bursaphelenchus spp. --- national survey program --- nematodes --- conifers --- wheat aphids --- thermal traits --- critical thermal maxima --- chronic temperature tolerance --- aphid endosymbionts --- bacterial gene abundance --- Ceratitis capitata --- Asaia --- Symbiotic Control --- termite systematic --- morphological traits --- morphometric measurements --- n/a