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“Logic”, as understood in this volume, is the set of knowledge at the basis of man’s reasoning faculties: understanding, analysing, arguing. The text presents a review of topics which are useful to strengthen the skills related to reasoning faculties through a brief introduction to the theoretical aspects and exercises intended to assess the understanding. The volume is divided into parts, which are organised in teaching units. The parts and units are presented in such a way that, following the thread in the order in which they are proposed, we move from one topic to the next, acquiring the prerequisites necessary for to what comes after. The text therefore lends itself to a “systematic” use, aimed at an extensive study. However, nothing prevents the reader from adapting the material to other needs, choosing only a few topics that they consider useful to integrate their knowledge, to do a “review” or to further practice on already known topics.

Logic

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How do you approach an essay or discussion question? How do you review what claims others have made and offer counter-claims? And how do you weigh up the strengths and weaknesses of your own argument before putting together a persuasive conclusion?This accessible book takes you step by step through the art of argument, from thinking about what to write and how you might write it, to how you may strengthen your claims, and how to come to a strong conclusion. Engagingly written and featuring useful summaries at the end of each chapter, this new book offers easily transferable practical advice on

Logic.

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O objetivo da obra é abordar os temas centrais da Lógica Clássica, desde a silogística de Aristóteles até o cálculo dos predicados de primeira ordem. A ênfase será dada na construção de estruturas formalmente válidas e, na determinação da validade de argumentos. Para tanto será seguido o seguinte plano: Na primeira apresentamos alguns conceitos preliminares (históricos e filosóficos) em relação à lógica. Na segunda parte abordaremos a chamada lógica tradicional, com especial destaque à construção de silogismos (Categóricos e Hipotéticos) e, na terceira, os fundamentos do cálculo proposicional e do cálculo de predicados de primeira ordem. Advertimos que esta é uma obra para não iniciados e, como tal, com o risco de cometer algumas imprecisões, se utilizará de uma linguagem o menos técnica possível.

Logic.

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Logic.

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Medieval logic is usually divided into the branches that derived from Aristotle's organon - the 'logica vetus' and 'logica nova', and those invented in the Middle Ages, the 'logica modernorum'. In this volume, a group of distinguished specialists asks whether the ancient roots of medieval logic were not in fact more varied. Stoic logic was mostly lost, but were some of its themes transmitted, even in distorted form, through Boethius and through the grammatical tradition? And did other schools, such as the sceptics and the Platonists, contribute in their own ways to medieval logic?

Logic, Medieval. --- Medieval logic