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This book considers how access to justice is affected by restrictions to legal aid budgets and increasingly prescriptive service guidelines. As common law jurisdictions, England and Wales and Australia, share similar ideals, policies and practices, but they differ in aspects of their legal and political culture, in the nature of the communities they serve and in their approaches to providing access to justice. These jurisdictions thus provide us with different perspectives on what constitutes justice and how we might seek to overcome the burgeoning crisis in unmet legal need. The book fills an important gap in existing scholarship as the first to bring together new empirical and theoretical knowledge examining different responses to legal aid crises both in the domestic and comparative contexts, across criminal, civil and family law. It achieves this by examining the broader social, political, legal, health and welfare impacts of legal aid cuts and prescriptive service guidelines. Across both jurisdictions, this work suggests that it is the most vulnerable groups who lose out in the way the law now operates in the twenty-first century. This book is essential reading for academics, students, practitioners and policymakers interested in criminal and civil justice, access to justice, the provision of legal assistance and legal aid

Justice, Administration of --- Legal aid --- Legal services

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Legal aid --- Legal charities --- Legal assistance to the poor --- History.

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This open access book provides a snapshot of the state of contemporary access to justice in England and Wales. Legal aid lawyers provide a critical function in supporting individuals to address a range of problems. These are problems that commonly intersect with issues of social justice, including crime, homelessness, domestic violence, family breakdown and educational exclusion. However, the past few decades have seen a clear retreat from the tenets of the welfare state, including, as part of this, the reduced availability of legal aid. This book examines the impact of austerity and related policies on those at the coalface of the legal profession. It documents the current state of the sector as well as the social and economic factors that make working in the legal aid profession more challenging than ever before. Through data collected via the Legal Aid Census 2021, the book is underpinned by the accounts of over 1000 current and former legal aid lawyers. These accounts offer a detailed demography and insight into the financial, cultural and other pressures forcing lawyers to give up publicly funded work. This book combines a mixture of quantitative and qualitative analysis, allowing readers a broad appreciation of trends in the legal aid profession. This book will equip readers with a thorough knowledge of legal aid lawyers in England and Wales, and aims to stimulate debate as to the fate of access to justice and legal aid in the future.

Legal aid --- Legal charities --- Legal assistance to the poor --- Justice, Administration of. --- Legal aid. --- Courts & procedure --- Legal system: costs & funding

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Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. In a world dominated by austerity politics and policies, Advising in austerity provides a lively and thought-provoking account of the conditions, consequences and challenges of advice work in the UK, presenting a rare and rich view of the world of advice giving. Based on original research it examines how advisors negotiate the private troubles of those who come to Citizens Advice Bureaux (CAB) and construct ways forward. Exploring how advisors are trained, the strong contributor team reflect on the challenges facing Citizens Advice Bureaux in the future, where austerity will ensure that the need for advice services increase, while funding for such services declines.

Community information services. --- Information services --- Poverty & unemployment --- Civil rights & citizenship --- debt --- law --- citizens --- citizens advice --- austerity --- Acas --- Case study --- Employment tribunal --- Homelessness --- Labour law --- Legal aid --- Solicitor --- Unfair dismissal

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The political and public life of Palestinian women has been influenced by a number of factors, most importantly successive waves of occupation of Palestine by various forms of colonization; the evolution and growth of the Palestinian national resistance movement; development of the national movement (later the Palestinian Authority); and the evolution and growth of the feminist movement. This book analyses the structural and ideological transformations of the contemporary Palestinian women's movements in the aftermath of the signing of the Oslo Agreement in 1993 between Israel and the PLO. Based on in-depth interviews with male and female activists and members of different organisations, I provide an analytical overview of the evolution and current configuration of the contemporary women's movements. A detailed analysis of the discourses and structures of the mass-based organisation (PFWAC), the women's NGO (WCLAC) and the women's division of Hamas (studied for the first time) is presented.

Women, Palestinian Arab --- Non-governmental organizations --- Islam and politics --- Feminism --- Emancipation of women --- Feminist movement --- Women --- Women's lib --- Women's liberation --- Women's liberation movement --- Women's movement --- Social movements --- Anti-feminism --- INGOs (International agencies) --- International non-governmental organizations --- NGOs (International agencies) --- Nongovernmental organizations --- Organizations, Non-governmental (International agencies) --- Private and voluntary organizations (International agencies) --- PVOs (International agencies) --- International agencies --- Nonprofit organizations --- Palestinian Arab women --- Political activity --- Emancipation --- Palestinian Federation of Women's Action Committees. --- Women's Center for Legal Aid and Counselling. --- Ḥizb al-Khalāṣ al-Waṭanī al-Islāmī. --- Ittiḥād Jamʻīyāt al-Marʼah al-Filasṭīnīyah. --- حزب الخلاص الوطني الاسلامي --- Union of Palestine Womens Associations --- Union of Palestinian Women Association --- UPWA --- اتحاد جمعيات المرأة الفلسطينية --- WCLAC (Women's Center for Legal Aid and Counselling) --- PFWAC