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This book was first published in 2007. When electrons are confined to two dimensions, cooled to near absolute zero temperature, and subjected to a strong magnetic field, they form an exotic new collective state of matter. Investigations into this began with the observations of integral and fractional quantum Hall effects, which are among the most important discoveries in condensed matter physics. The fractional quantum Hall effect and a stream of other unexpected findings are explained by a new class of particles: composite fermions. This textbook is a self-contained, pedagogical introduction to the physics and experimental manifestations of composite fermions. Ideal for graduate students and academic researchers, it contains numerous exercises to reinforce the concepts presented. The topics covered include the integral and fractional quantum Hall effects, the composite-fermion Fermi sea, various kinds of excitations, the role of spin, edge state transport, electron solid, bilayer physics, fractional braiding statistics and fractional local charge.

Fermions --- Fermions. --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics --- Fermi-Dirac particles --- Quantum statistics --- Interacting boson-fermion models --- Leptons (Nuclear physics)

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The rapidly developing topic of ultracold atoms has many actual and potential applications for condensed-matter science, and the contributions to this book emphasize these connections. Ultracold Bose and Fermi quantum gases are introduced at a level appropriate for first-year graduate students and non-specialists such as more mature general physicists. The reader will find answers to questions like: how are experiments conducted and how are the results interpreted? What are the advantages and limitations of ultracold atoms in studying many-body physics? How do experiments on ultracol

Photons. --- Fermions. --- Materials at low temperatures. --- Fluid mechanics --- Low temperature materials --- Low temperature engineering --- Materials --- Strength of materials --- Fermi-Dirac particles --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Quantum statistics --- Interacting boson-fermion models --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Light quantum --- Light --- Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment

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The field of cold atomic gases faced a revolution in 1995 when Bose-Einstein condensation was achieved. The quest for ultra-cold Fermi gases started shortly after the 1995 discovery, and quantum degeneracy in a gas of fermionic atoms was obtained in 1999. This work covers experimental techniques for the creation and study of Fermi quantum gases.

Cold gases --- Electron gas --- Fermions --- Superfluidity --- Condensed degenerate gases --- Degenerate gases, Condensed --- Superfluids --- Liquid helium --- Low temperatures --- Quantum statistics --- Superconductivity --- Fermi-Dirac particles --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Interacting boson-fermion models --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Fermi gas --- Electrons --- Gases

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Topological insulators. --- Kondo effect. --- Fermions. --- Fermi-Dirac particles --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Quantum statistics --- Interacting boson-fermion models --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Electric resistance --- Magnetic materials --- Solids --- Insulators, Topological --- Electric insulators and insulation --- Electronic apparatus and appliances --- Electric properties --- Materials

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The lattice formulation is at present the most successful approach to Quantum Chromodynamics - the theory of quarks and gluons. This book is intended for newcomers to the field and presents a clear and easy-to-follow path from the first principles all the way to actual calculations. It focusses on QCD and discusses mainly SU(3) lattice gauge theory, both with and without fermions. Numerical calculations in lattice field theory have now become the most effective approach for obtaining quantitative results, and thus three chapters include sections describing numerical techniques, as used in pure gauge theory, in quenched spectroscopy and in treating dynamical fermions.

Quantum chromodynamics --- Lattice dynamics --- Physics --- Nuclear Physics --- Atomic Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Quantum chromodynamics. --- Lattice theory. --- Fermions. --- Fermi-Dirac particles --- Lattices (Mathematics) --- Space lattice (Mathematics) --- Structural analysis (Mathematics) --- Chromodynamics, Quantum --- QCD (Nuclear physics) --- Physics. --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Numerical and Computational Physics. --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Quantum statistics --- Interacting boson-fermion models --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Algebra, Abstract --- Algebra, Boolean --- Group theory --- Set theory --- Topology --- Transformations (Mathematics) --- Crystallography, Mathematical --- Quantum electrodynamics