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Ancient dialectic started as an art of refutation and evolved into a science akin to our logic, grammar and linguistics. Scholars of ancient philosophy have traditionally focused on Plato's and Aristotle's dialectic without paying much attention to the diverse conceptions and uses of dialectic presented by philosophers after the classical period. To bridge this gap, this volume aims at a comprehensive understanding of the competing Hellenistic and Imperial definitions of dialectic and their connections with those of the classical period. It starts from the Megaric school of the fourth century BCE and the early Peripatetics, via Epicurus, the Stoics, the Academic sceptics and Cicero, to Sextus Empiricus and Galen in the second century CE. The philosophical foundations and various uses of dialectic are closely analysed and systematically examined together with the numerous objections that were raised against them.

Dialectic. --- Polarity --- Polarity (Philosophy)

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Ontology. --- Dialectic. --- Reasoning.

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The need for a new critical edition of Philip Melanchthon's philosophical works is particularly clear in the case of his writings on rhetoric. That Melanchthon played a central role in the transformation of the ancient discipline has been well established by historians. His writings on rhetoric have proven significant sources for several academic fields, including church history, Scriptural interpretation, the history of science, and the reception of classical literature. Remarkably, two of the three principal writings have not been published in their entirety since the sixteenth century. This volume collects critical editions of the three principal writings to provide a more complete record of Melanchthon's teaching of rhetoric. It includes critical editions of De Rhetorica (1519), Institutiones Rhetoricae (1521), and Elementa Rhetorices (1531). In addition to the three principal writings, this volume collects a new edition, based on a 1911 edition by Hanns Zwicker, of Dispositiones Rhetoricae (c. 1553), a manuscript compilation of 161 model themes. Scholars will find in this volume the major sources for Melanchthon's theory and practice of rhetorical instruction.

Rhetoric --- Dialectic. --- Reformation. --- Renaissance. --- Rhetoric.

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A Plato Primer introduces beginning students and the general reader to the main theses, concepts and arguments in Plato's philosophy. Subtle, versatile and multi-faceted though Plato's thought undoubtedly is, it has a core that needs to be explored and savoured. Evans presents this core, as it appears over a large range of his works, spread out over many decades of composition and many philosophical topics. Through all this diversity Plato's original philosophical personality shines through. Evans approachs the material thematically, in terms of modern philosophical categories, in seven main chapters. Within each of these individual treatments Evans follows the lines of argument in the main works of Plato that explore them. Indications about how to pursue given topics in the secondary literature are given in the helpful guide to further reading.

Dialectic. --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Reality. --- Plato.

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"Drawing upon a wide variety of authors, approaches, and ideological contexts, this book offers a comprehensive and detailed critique of the distinct and polemical senses in which the concept of ressentiment (and its cognate 'resentment') is used today. It also proposes a new mode of addressing ressentiment in which critique and polemics no longer set the tone. Contemporary tendencies in political culture such as neoliberalism, nationalism, populism,identity politics, and large-scale conspiracy theories have led to the return of the concept of ressentiment in armchair political analysis. This book argues that, due to the tension between its enormous descriptive power and its mutually contradicting ideological performances, it is necessary to 'redramatize' the concept of ressentiment. Inspired by Marxist political epistemology, affect theory, postcolonialism, and feminism, the book maps, delimits, and assesses four irreducible ways in which ressentiment can be articulated: the ways of the priest, the philosopher, the witness, and the diplomat. The first perspective is typically embodied by conservative (Scheler, Girard) and liberal (Smith, Rawls) political theory, the second by Nietzsche, Deleuze and Foucault, whereas the third is found in the writings of Améry, Fanon and Adorno, and the fourth is the author's own, albeit inspired by philosophers such as Ahmed, Stiegler, Stengers and Sloterdijk. In producing a dialectical sequence between all four typical modes of enunciation, the book seeks to answer the question by what right do we possess and use the concept of ressentiment, and what makes the phenomenon worth knowing? The Dialectic of Ressentiment will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in critical theory, social and political philosophy, cultural studies, sociology, history, literature, and anthropology. It will also appeal to anyone interested in (public debates on) the politics of anger, discourse ethics, trauma studies, and memory politics"--

Resentment --- Dialectic. --- Philosophy. --- Polarity --- Polarity (Philosophy) --- Emotions