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"Philoponus' commentary on the last part of Aristotle's Physics Book 4 does not offer major alternatives to Aristotle's science, as did his commentary on the earlier parts, concerning place, vacuum and motion in a vacuum. Aristotle's subject here is time, and his treatment of it had led to controversy in earlier writers. Philoponus does offer novelties when he treats motion round a bend as in one sense faster than motion on the straight over the same distance in the same time, because of the need to consider the greater effort involved. And he points out that in an earlier commentary on Book 8 he had argued against Aristotle for the possibility of a last instant of time. This book is in the prestigious series, The Ancient Commentators on Aristotle, which translates the works of the ancient commentators into English for the first time."--Bloomsbury Publishing Philoponus' commentary on the last part of Aristotle's Physics Book 4 does not offer major alternatives to Aristotle's science, as did his commentary on the earlier parts, concerning place, vacuum and motion in a vacuum. Aristotle's subject here is time, and his treatment of it had led to controversy in earlier writers. Philoponus does offer novelties when he treats motion round a bend as in one sense faster than motion on the straight over the same distance in the same time, because of the need to consider the greater effort involved. And he points out that in an earlier commentary on Book 8 he had argued against Aristotle for the possibility of a last instant of time. This volume contains an English translation of Philoponus' commentary, as well as a detailed introduction, extensive explanatory notes and a bibliography.
Physics --- Philosophy. --- Aristotle. --- Aristoteles. --- Science, Ancient --- Time --- Sciences anciennes --- Physique --- Temps --- Early works to 1800. --- Ouvrages avant 1800 --- Philosophy of nature --- Aristotle --- Physics. --- Aristoteles; Physikē akroasis 4, 10-14. --- Philoponus, John, --- In Aristotelis Physicorum commentaria (Philoponus, John). --- Physics (Aristotle). --- Metaphysics --- Métaphysique --- Early works to 1800 --- Physics - Early works to 1800 --- Philosophy of nature - Early works to 1800 --- Aristotle. - Physics --- Philosophie. --- Aristote --- Philosophy --- Aristotle. Physics. --- Philosophy of nature.
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This book presents a recasting of Aristotle’s theory of spatial displacement of inanimate objects. Aristotle’s claim that projectiles are actively carried by the media through which they move (such as air or water) is well known and has drawn the attention of commentators from ancient to modern times. What is lacking, however, is a systematic investigation of the consequences of his suggestion that the medium always acts as the direct instrument of locomotion, be it natural or forced, while original movers (e.g. stone throwers, catapults, bowstrings) act indirectly by impressing moving force into the medium. Filling this gap and guided by discussions in Aristotle’s Physics and On the Heavens, the present volume shows that Aristotle’s active medium enables his theory - in which force is proportional to speed - to account for a large class of phenomena that Newtonian dynamics - in which force is proportional to acceleration - accounts for through the concept of inertia. By applying Aristotle’s medium dynamics to projectile flight and to collisions that involve reversal of motion, the book provides detailed examples of the efficacy and coherence that the active medium gives to Aristotle’s discussions. The book is directed primarily to historians of ancient, medieval, and early modern science, to philosophers of science and to students of Aristotle’s natural philosophy.
Science, general. --- History of Science. --- History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics. --- Science --- Sciences --- History. --- Histoire --- Aristotle. -- De caelo. -- English. --- Aristotle. -- Physics. --- Mechanics. --- Motion. --- History - General --- History & Archaeology --- Aristotle. --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Kinetics --- Aristoteles. --- Physics. --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Kinematics --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences
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In Aristotle’s Ever-turning World in Physics 8 Dougal Blyth analyses, passage by passage, Aristotle’s reasoning in his explanation of cosmic movement, and provides a detailed evaluation of ancient and modern commentary on this centrally influential text in the history of ancient and medieval philosophy and science. In Physics 8 Aristotle argues for the everlastingness of the world, and explains this as deriving from a single first moved body, the sphere of the stars whose rotation around the earth is caused by an immaterial prime mover. Blyth’s explanation of Aristotle’s individual arguments, techniques of reasoning and overall strategy in Physics 8 aims to bring understanding of his method, doctrines and achievements in natural philosophy to a new level of clarity.
Science, Ancient --- Physics --- Motion --- Aristotle. --- Science, Ancient. --- Sciences anciennes --- Physique --- Mouvement --- Early works to 1800 --- Ouvrages avant 1800 --- Kinetics --- Dynamics --- Kinematics --- Ancient science --- Science, Primitive --- Science --- History --- Physics - Early works to 1800 --- Motion - Early works to 1800 --- Aristotle. - Physics. - Book 8
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Der heute verlorene Kommentar von Alexander aus Aphrodisias (ca. 200 n. Chr.) zur Physik des Aristoteles ist eines der wichtigsten Werke der Antike: beeinflusste er doch als Quelle sowohl die neuplatonischen Kommentatoren zu Aristoteles (vor allem Simplikios) als auch – vermittelt durch die Zitate bei Averroes – die Naturphilosophie des Mittelalters. Die von Marwan Rashed präsentierte Erstedition und Untersuchung der nahezu 700 byzantinischen Scholien, die erst jüngst in zwei Pariser Handschriften vom Anfang des 14. Jahrhunderts (Paris. Suppl. gr. 643, Paris. gr. 1859) entdeckt wurden, erlauben eine genauere Rekonstruktion der physikalischen Lehren Alexanders und tragen zugleich zum besseren Verständnis der Geschichte des Aristotelismus und der vor-klassischen Physik bei. Auch finden sich beispielsweise neue Präzisierungen seiner Lehre von Ort und Zeit ebenso wie seines Zugangs zur Bewegung des ‚Ersten Bewegers‘. Die byzantinischen Scholien ermöglichen zum ersten Mal, die völlige Abhängigkeit des Simplikios von seinem Vorgänger festzustellen und, noch wichtiger, die Transformationen, die er an der peripatetischen Naturphilosophie unternahm, um sie mit einem gewissen Platonismus in Einklang zu bringen.
Science, Ancient --- Philosophy of nature --- Sciences anciennes --- Philosophie de la nature --- Early works to 1800 --- Ouvrages avant 1800 --- Aristotle. --- Alexander, --- Ancient science --- Science, Primitive --- Science --- Nature --- Nature, Philosophy of --- Natural theology --- History --- Philosophy --- Alessandro, --- Alexandre, --- Alexandros, --- Aphrodisæus, Alexander --- Iskandar al-Afrūdīsī --- אלכסנדר, --- Ἀλέξανδρος, --- Science, Ancient. --- Philosophy of nature. --- Aristotle. - Physics. - Book 4-8 --- Alexander, - of Aphrodisias --- Alexander of Aphrodisias.
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"This companion to J. O. Urmson's translation in the same series of Simplicius' Corollaries on Place and Time contains Simplicius' commentary on the chapters on place and time in Aristotle's Physics book 4. It is a rich source for the preceding 800 years' discussion of Aristotle's views. Simplicius records attacks on Aristotle's claim that time requires change, or consciousness. He reports a rebuttal of the Pythagorean theory that history will repeat itself exactly. He evaluates Aristotle's treatment of Zeno's paradox concerning place. Throughout he elucidates the structure and meaning of Aristotle's arguement, and all the more clearly for having separated off his own views into the Corollaries."--Bloomsbury Publishing This companion to J. O. Urmson's translation in the same series of Simplicius' Corollaries on Place and Time contains Simplicius' commentary on the chapters on place and time in Aristotle's Physics book 4. It is a rich source for the preceding 800 years' discussion of Aristotle's views. Simplicius records attacks on Aristotle's claim that time requires change, or consciousness. He reports a rebuttal of the Pythagorean theory that history will repeat itself exactly. He evaluates Aristotle's treatment of Zeno's paradox concerning place. Throughout he elucidates the structure and meaning of Aristotle's argument, and all the more clearly for having separated off his own views into the Corollaries.
Lieu (Philosophie). --- Place (philosophy) - Early works to 1800. --- Temps (Philosophie). --- Aristote / Physique - Livre 4, ch. 1-5, 10-14. --- Aristotle / Physics. --- Physics --- Science, Ancient. --- Aristotle. --- Philosophy of nature --- Aristotle --- Place (Philosophy) --- Time --- Early works to 1800. --- Aristoteles. --- Hours (Time) --- Geodetic astronomy --- Nautical astronomy --- Horology --- Philosophy --- Place (Philosophy) - Early works to 1800. --- Time - Early works to 1800.
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This book provides a comprehensive and in-depth study of Physics I, the first book of Aristotle's foundational treatise on natural philosophy. While the text has inspired a rich scholarly literature, this is the first volume devoted solely to it to have been published for many years, and it includes a new translation of the Greek text. Book I introduces Aristotle's approach to topics such as matter and form, and discusses the fundamental problems of the study of natural science, examining the theories of previous thinkers including Parmenides. Leading experts provide fresh interpretations of key passages and raise new problems. The volume will appeal to scholars and students of ancient philosophy as well as to specialists working in the fields of philosophy and the history of science.
Science, Ancient --- Physics --- Philosophy of nature --- Philosophy --- Aristotle. --- Aristotle --- History of philosophy --- Science, Ancient. --- Early works to 1800. --- Physics - Philosophy - Early works to 1800 --- Philosophy of nature - Early works to 1800 --- Aristotle. - Physics. - Book 1 --- Ancient science --- Science, Primitive --- Science --- History --- Aristoteles.
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