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In this second report on crime and security in Naples are addressed questions such as the determinants of a high propensity to illegal behavior although crime appears very risky, the appearance of youth-gangs and their peculiarities with respect to similar experiences in other countries, the correlation between social and economic vulnerability and the diffusion of an illegal credit market, the relationship between households’ overindebtedness and their consumption behavior, the diffusion of an usury market where criminal organizations rise huge profits. Many changes have occurred in the deviant and criminal behaviors, and an appropriate response to all of them ask for a radical innovation in the policies to prevent, control and contrast crime. In our region, what might be perceived as a social damnation is actually the result of different factors that produce a sort of crime trap, such that the diffusion of illegal behaviors reduce legal opportunities making a criminal career more convenient.

Internal security --- Crime --- Confiscations --- Extortion --- Law and legislation --- Criminality --- Security --- Criminal organization --- Hotspot

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Threat Assessment and Risk Analysis: An Applied Approach details the entire risk analysis process in accessible language, providing the tools and insight needed to effectively analyze risk and secure facilities in a broad range of industries and organizations. The book explores physical vulnerabilities in such systems as transportation, distribution, and communications, and demonstrates how to measure the key risks and their consequences, providing cost-effective and achievable methods for evaluating the appropriate security risk mitigation countermeasures. Users will find a book that outlines the processes for identifying and assessing the most essential threats and risks an organization faces, along with information on how to address only those that justify security expenditures. Balancing the proper security measures versus the actual risks an organization faces is essential when it comes to protecting physical assets. However, determining which security controls are appropriate is often a subjective and complex matter. The book explores this process in an objective and achievable manner, and is a valuable resource for security and risk management executives, directors, and students. Guides readers from basic principles to complex processes in a logical, building block fashion Provides a clear, step-by-step process for performing a physical security threat and risk analysis for any organization Covers quantitative and qualitative risks such as operational risk, legal risk, reputational risk, social risks, and economic risks Utilizes the Department of Homeland Security risk assessment framework and best practices, including CARVER, API/NPRA, and RAMCAP

Risk management. --- Threats --- Violence in the workplace --- Corporations --- Behavioral assessment. --- Prevention. --- Security measures. --- Insurance --- Management --- Assessment of behavior --- Behavior assessment --- Behavioral analysis --- Behavioral evaluation --- Psychodiagnostics --- Psychology --- Social conflict --- Extortion --- Methodology

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In The Representation of External Threats , Eberhard Crailsheim and María Dolores Elizalde present a collection of articles that trace the phenomenon of external threats in a multitude of settings across Asia, America, and Europe. The scope ranges from military threats against the Byzantine rulers of the 7th century to the perception of cultural and economic threats in the late 19th century Atlantic, and includes conceptual threats to the construction of national histories. Focussing on the different ways in which such threats were socially constructed, the articles offer a variety of perspectives and interdisciplinary methods to understand the development and representations of external threats, concentrating on the effect of 'threat communication' for societies and political actors. Contributors are Anna Abalian, Vladimir Belous, Eberhard Crailsheim, María Dolores Elizalde, Rodrigo Escribano Roca, Simon C. Kemper, Irena Kozmanová, David Manzano Cosano, Federico Niglia, Derek Kane O'Leary, Alexandr Osipian, Pedro Ponte e Sousa, Theresia Raum, Jean-Noël Sanchez, Marie Schreier, Stephan Steiner, Srikanth Thaliyakkattil, Ionut Untea and Qiong Yu.

World history --- anno 1500-1799 --- anno 1800-1899 --- National security --- Threats --- History --- Social conflict --- Extortion --- National security policy --- NSP (National security policy) --- Security policy, National --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Military policy --- Government policy --- History.

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Offensive street speech--racist and sexist remarks that can make its targets feel both psychologically and physically threatened--is surprisingly common in our society. Many argue that this speech is so detestable that it should be banned under law. But is this an area covered by the First Amendment right to free speech? Or should it be banned? In this elegantly written book, Laura Beth Nielsen pursues the answers by probing the legal consciousness of ordinary citizens. Using a combination of field observations and in-depth, semistructured interviews, she surveys one hundred men and women, some of whom are routine targets of offensive speech, about how such speech affects their lives. Drawing on these interviews as well as an interdisciplinary body of scholarship, Nielsen argues that racist and sexist speech creates, reproduces, and reinforces existing systems of hierarchy in public places. The law works to normalize and justify offensive public interactions, she concludes, offering, in essence, a "license to harass." Nielsen relates the results of her interviews to statistical surveys that measure the impact of offensive speech on the public. Rather than arguing whether law is the appropriate remedy for offensive speech, she allows that the benefits to democracy, to community, and to society of allowing such speech may very well outweigh the burdens imposed. Nonetheless, these burdens, and the stories of the people who bear them, should not remain invisible and outside the debate.

Public spaces --- Threats --- Libel and slander --- Hate speech --- Freedom of speech --- Social conflict --- Extortion --- Public places --- Social areas --- Urban public spaces --- Urban spaces --- Cities and towns --- Free speech --- Liberty of speech --- Speech, Freedom of --- Civil rights --- Freedom of expression --- Assembly, Right of --- Freedom of information --- Intellectual freedom --- Law and legislation --- Social aspects

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The fear of violent crime dominates Guatemala City. In the midst of unprecedented levels of postwar violence, Guatemalans struggle to fathom the myriad forces that have made life in this city so deeply insecure. Born out of histories of state terror, migration, and US deportation, maras (transnational gangs) have become the face of this new era of violence. They are brutal organizations engaged in extortion, contract killings, and the drug trade, and yet they have also become essential to the emergence of a certain kind of social order. Drawing on years of fieldwork inside prisons, police precincts, and gang-dominated neighborhoods, Anthony W. Fontes demonstrates how gang violence has become indissoluble from contemporary social imaginaries and how these gangs provide cover for a host of other criminal actors. Ethnographically rich and unflinchingly critical, Mortal Doubt illuminates the maras' role in making and mooring collective terror in Guatemala City while tracing the ties that bind this violence to those residing in far safer environs.

Gangs --- Violence --- Guatemala (Guatemala) --- Social conditions. --- brutal organizations. --- collective terror. --- contract killings. --- criminals. --- drug trade. --- extortion. --- gang dominated neighborhoods. --- gang violence. --- gangs. --- guatemala city. --- guatemalans. --- insecure life. --- maras. --- migration. --- new era of violence. --- police precincts. --- postwar violence. --- prisons. --- social order. --- state terror. --- us deportation. --- violent crime.