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This volume collects reflections on the role of philosophy in case studies in the history of science. Case studies have played a prominent role in recent history and philosophy of science. They have been used to illustrate, question, explore, or explicate philosophical points of view. Even if not explicitly so, historical narratives are always guided by philosophical background assumptions. But what happens if different philosophies lead to different narratives of the same historical episodes? Can historical case studies decide between competing philosophical viewpoints? What are the criteria that a case study has to fulfill in order to be philosophically relevant? Bringing together leading practitioners in the fields of history and philosophy of the physical and the life sciences, this volume addresses this methodological problem and proposes ways of rendering explicit philosophical assumptions of historical work.
Philosophy of science --- History as a science --- Science --- Philosophy and science --- History --- Historiography --- Philosophy --- Science - Historiography --- Science - Philosophy --- History. --- Philosophy and science. --- History of Science. --- Philosophy of Science.
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This volume offers an integrated understanding of how the theory of general relativity gained momentum after Einstein had formulated it in 1915. Chapters focus on the early reception of the theory in physics and philosophy and on the systematic questions that emerged shortly after Einstein's momentous discovery. They are written by physicists, historians of science, and philosophers, and were originally presented at the conference titled Thinking About Space and Time: 100 Years of Applying and Interpreting General Relativity, held at the University of Bern from September 12-14, 2017. By establishing the historical context first, and then moving into more philosophical chapters, this volume will provide readers with a more complete understanding of early applications of general relativity (e.g., to cosmology) and of related philosophical issues. Because the chapters are often cross-disciplinary, they cover a wide variety of topics related to the general theory of relativity. These include: Heuristics used in the discovery of general relativity Mach's Principle The structure of Einstein's theory Cosmology and the Einstein world Stability of cosmological models The metaphysical nature of spacetime The relationship between spacetime and dynamics The Geodesic Principle Symmetries Thinking About Space and Time will be a valuable resource for historians of science and philosophers who seek a deeper knowledge of the (early and later) uses of general relativity, as well as for physicists and mathematicians interested in exploring the wider historical and philosophical context of Einstein's theory.
Mathematics. --- History. --- Mathematical physics. --- Gravitation. --- Philosophy and science. --- History of Mathematical Sciences. --- Mathematical Applications in the Physical Sciences. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Science and philosophy --- Science --- Field theory (Physics) --- Matter --- Physics --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Relativity (Physics) --- Physical mathematics --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Math --- Properties --- Mathematics --- Space and time --- Philosophy. --- Space of more than three dimensions --- Space-time --- Space-time continuum --- Space-times --- Spacetime --- Time and space --- Fourth dimension --- Infinite --- Metaphysics --- Philosophy --- Space sciences --- Time --- Beginning --- Hyperspace --- Mathematical Physics. --- Classical and Quantum Gravity. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science
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This volume explores the interplay between mathematical and physical research and the interactions of twentieth-century scientists within their academic communities. Beginning with Einstein’s general theory of relativity, the authors investigate a series of dramatic discoveries and rival theories in physics that influenced the development of modern differential geometry. Other sections recount the numerous methods, like the resurgence of Weyl geometry, used by geometers to solve the problems revealed by those same innovations in space-time physics. The effect of general relativity on astronomy is also addressed, namely how astronomers worked through new theories like inflationary cosmology and Phoenix models. By including recent historical research and coupling this work with many disciplines’ unique perspectives, this text provides a rich picture of general relativity and cosmology over the course of the twentieth century. The increased study on the documentation of Einstein’s early scientific work has clarified the history of science for that time and profoundly altered the way scientists view their own work, as this interdisciplinary volume demonstrates.
General relativity (Physics) --- Physics --- Mathematics --- History --- Mathematics. --- Philosophy and science. --- Differential geometry. --- History. --- Gravitation. --- Quantum physics. --- History of Mathematical Sciences. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Quantum Physics. --- Differential Geometry. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Relativistic theory of gravitation --- Relativity theory, General --- Gravitation --- Relativity (Physics) --- Quantum theory. --- Global differential geometry. --- Science --- Philosophy. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Geometry, Differential --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Science and philosophy --- Differential geometry --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Math --- Field theory (Physics) --- Matter --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Properties --- Geometry, Differential. --- Classical and Quantum Gravity.
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