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Both vertical (between job levels) and horizontal (within job levels) mobility can be sources of wage growth. We find that the glass ceiling operates at both margins. The unexplained part of the wage gap grows across job levels (glass ceiling at the vertical margin) and across the deciles of the intra-job-level wage distribution (glass ceiling at the horizontal margin). This implies that women face many glass ceilings, one for each job level above the second, and that the glass ceiling is a pervasive phenomenon. In the Netherlands it affects about 88% of jobs, and 81% of Dutch women in employment work in job levels where a glass ceiling is present.

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This book presents a collection of papers emphasizing applications of mathematical models and methods to real-world problems of relevance for industry, life science, environment, finance, and so on. The biannual Conference of ECMI (the European Consortium of Mathematics in Industry) held in 2014 focused on various aspects of industrial and applied mathematics. The five main topics addressed at the conference were mathematical models in life science, material science and semiconductors, mathematical methods in the environment, design automation and industrial applications, and computational finance. Several other topics have been treated, such as, among others, optimization and inverse problems, education, numerical methods for stiff pdes, model reduction, imaging processing, multi physics simulation, mathematical models in textile industry. The conference, which brought together applied mathematicians and experts from industry, provided a unique opportunity to exchange ideas, problems and methodologies, bridging the gap between mathematics and industry and contributing to the advancement of science and technology. The conference has included a presentation of EU-Maths-In (European Network of Mathematics for Industry and Innovation), a recent joint initiative of ECMI and EMS. The proceedings from this conference represent a snapshot of the current activity in industrial mathematics in Europe, and are highly relevant to anybody interested in the latest applications of mathematics to industrial problems.

Engineering mathematics --- Mathematics. --- Computer science --- Neural networks (Computer science). --- Computer mathematics. --- Mathematical models. --- Macroeconomics. --- Computational Science and Engineering. --- Mathematical Modeling and Industrial Mathematics. --- Mathematics of Computing. --- Mathematical Models of Cognitive Processes and Neural Networks. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering. --- Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics//Financial Economics. --- Economics --- Models, Mathematical --- Simulation methods --- Computer mathematics --- Discrete mathematics --- Electronic data processing --- Artificial neural networks --- Nets, Neural (Computer science) --- Networks, Neural (Computer science) --- Neural nets (Computer science) --- Artificial intelligence --- Natural computation --- Soft computing --- Math --- Science --- Mathematics --- Computer science. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Engineering --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Informatics --- Computer science—Mathematics. --- Neural networks (Computer science) . --- Applied mathematics. --- Mathematical and Computational Engineering Applications. --- Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics. --- Data processing.

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The book provides an encompassing overview of all aspects relating to the sharing economy paradigm in different fields of study, and shows the ongoing research efforts in filling previously identified gaps in understanding in this area. Control and optimization analytics for the sharing economy explores bespoke analytics, tools, and business models that can be used to help design collaborative consumption services (the shared economy). It provides case studies of collaborative consumption in the areas of energy and mobility. The contributors review successful examples of sharing systems, and explore the theory for designing effective and stable shared-economy models. They discuss recent innovations in and uses of shared economy models in niche areas, such as energy and mobility. Readers learn the scientific challenging issues associated with the realization of a sharing economy. Conceptual and practical matters are examined, and the state-of-the-art tools and techniques to address such applications are explained. The contributors also show readers how topical problems in engineering, such as energy consumption in power grids, or bike sharing in transportation networks, can be formulated and solved from a general collaborative consumption perspective. Since the book takes a mathematical perspective to the topic, researchers in business, computer science, optimization and control find it useful. Practitioners also use the book as a point of reference, as it explores and investigates the analytics behind economy sharing.

Cooperation. --- Collaborative economy --- Cooperative distribution --- Cooperative movement --- Distribution, Cooperative --- Peer-to-peer economy --- Sharing economy --- Economics --- Profit-sharing --- Control engineering. --- System theory. --- Production management. --- Operations research. --- Management science. --- Renewable energy resources. --- Pollution. --- Control and Systems Theory. --- Systems Theory, Control. --- Production. --- Operations Research, Management Science. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Pollution, general. --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Quantitative business analysis --- Management --- Problem solving --- Operations research --- Statistical decision --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Industrial engineering --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- Manufacturing management --- Industrial management --- Systems, Theory of --- Systems science --- Science --- Control engineering --- Control equipment --- Control theory --- Engineering instruments --- Automation --- Programmable controllers --- Environmental aspects --- Philosophy --- Automatic control.

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This volume offers researchers the opportunity to catch up with important developments in the field of numerical analysis and scientific computing and to get in touch with state-of-the-art numerical techniques. The book has three parts. The first one is devoted to the use of wavelets to derive some new approaches in the numerical solution of PDEs, showing in particular how the possibility of writing equivalent norms for the scale of Besov spaces allows to develop some new methods. The second part provides an overview of the modern finite-volume and finite-difference shock-capturing schemes for systems of conservation and balance laws, with emphasis on providing a unified view of such schemes by identifying the essential aspects of their construction. In the last part a general introduction is given to the discontinuous Galerkin methods for solving some classes of PDEs, discussing cell entropy inequalities, nonlinear stability and error estimates.

Differential equations, Partial -- Numerical solutions -- Congresses. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Galerkin methods -- Congresses. --- Wavelets (Mathematics) -- Congresses. --- Calculus --- Applied Mathematics --- Mathematics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Differential equations, Partial --- Wavelets (Mathematics) --- Galerkin methods --- Numerical solutions --- Sinc-Galerkin methods --- Sinc methods --- Mathematics. --- Partial differential equations. --- Numerical analysis. --- Numerical Analysis. --- Partial Differential Equations. --- Numerical analysis --- Differential equations, partial. --- Partial differential equations --- Mathematical analysis --- Differential equations, Partial.