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The devastating effects caused by the recent catastrophic earthquakes that took place all over the world from Japan, New Zealand, to Chile, as well as those occurring in the Mediterranean basin, have once again shown that ground motion, although a serious source of direct damage, is not the only parameter to be considered, with most damage being the result of coseismic geological effects that are directly connected to the earthquake source or caused by ground shaking. The primary environmental effects induced by earthquakes as well as the secondary effects (sensu Environmental Seismic Intensity - ESI 2007 scale) must be considered for a more correct and complete evaluation of seismic hazards, at both regional and local scales. This Special Issue aims to collect all contributions that, using different methodologies, integrate new data produced with multi-disciplinary and innovative methods. These methodologies are essential for the identification and characterization of seismically active areas, and for the development of new hazard models, obtained using different survey techniques. The topic attracted a lot of interest, 19 peer-reviewed articles were collected; moreover, different areas of the world have been analyzed through these methodologies: Italy, USA, Spain, Australia, Ecuador, Guatemala, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, China, Japan, and Nepal.

Arctic–Asian seismic belt --- regional segment --- active fault --- paleoseismogenic structure --- Late Cenozoic deformation --- earthquake mechanism --- seismotectonic deformation --- potential seismicity --- earthquake hazard --- DIC --- CPO --- model selection --- Pohang earthquake --- South Korea --- ground effects --- liquefaction --- geological control --- fault barrier --- seismic hazard --- earthquake hazards --- ESI scale 2007 --- EEE database --- microtremor H/V spectral ratio --- inversion --- shear-wave velocity structure --- site amplification --- Ulaanbaatar --- earthquake environmental effects --- Suusamyr earthquake --- Kyrgyzstan --- Tien Shan --- surface rupture --- landslide --- digital elevation model (DEM) --- Structure-from-Motion --- earthquake-induced landslide --- fully probabilistic technique --- Newmark’s method --- Sakhalin Island --- risk --- machine learning --- expert estimate --- maximum possible magnitudes of earthquakes --- one class classification --- seismic zoning --- earthquake forecasting --- paleoliquefaction --- paleoearthquake --- ESI-07 scale --- earthquake environmental effects (EEEs) --- earthquake archaeological effects (EAEs) --- intensity maps --- seismic scenarios --- earthquake catalogues --- Spain --- emergency shelter --- earthquake --- disaster --- weighted coefficient --- suitability analysis --- geographic information systems (GIS) --- catalog incompleteness --- coseismic landslides --- macroseismic intensity --- Pedernales earthquake --- Ecuador --- georisk --- probabilistic seismic hazard --- ESI scale --- ground-shaking map --- Guatemala --- Intraplate earthquake --- Australian earthquakes --- reverse earthquake --- ESI 2007 scale --- historical and recent earthquakes --- attenuation --- GMPE --- crustal model --- MMI --- intraplate region --- mass movements --- inventory map --- amalgamation --- earth observation (EO) --- spatial resolution --- in situ tests --- laboratory tests --- soil liquefaction --- cyclic triaxial tests